Guo family tombs of Yuan Dynasty unearthed in Jinan. Recently, an ancient tomb was discovered at a construction site in the eastern suburb of Jinan. In which 1 1 is a brick mural tomb and 1 is a stone tomb. Most tombs were stolen, but seven tombs were found to have clear dates and owner information, which is very rare in Shandong.
Recently, an ancient tomb was discovered at a construction site in the eastern suburb of Jinan. * * * There are 35 pottery kilns 1 block and tombs, among which the pottery kilns are brick kilns of Han Dynasty, and the tombs mainly include Han Dynasty 1 block, Yuan Dynasty 12 block and Qing Dynasty 12 block, and more than 60 pieces of pottery, porcelain, bronze mirrors, copper coins and other cultural relics have been unearthed.
In which 1 1 is a brick mural tomb and 1 is a stone tomb. Most tombs were stolen, but seven tombs were found to have clear dates and owner information, which is very rare in Shandong. Through unearthed written evidence, it was confirmed that the cemetery was the Guo family cemetery at the end of Yuan Dynasty. These Yuan tombs are arranged in an orderly way, and obviously planned, and some tomb owners are related by blood, which provides new materials for studying the arrangement of family cemeteries in the late Yuan Dynasty.
According to the details, 12 Yuan Dynasty tombs were excavated on a construction site in the eastern suburb of Jinan. In which 1 1 is a brick mural tomb, and 1 is a stone tomb. Most of these tombs were stolen, but 7 of them have clear tomb age and owner information, which is very rare in Shandong.
Through the unearthed text information, it can now be confirmed that this tomb group is the Guo family cemetery at the end of Yuan Dynasty. The arrangement of these tombs is very orderly, which was planned in advance in the early stage, and some tomb owners are related by blood, which also provides new materials for studying the arrangement of family cemeteries in the late Yuan Dynasty. Through the unearthed information, the identity information of the tomb owner can be basically confirmed. He was a landlord class of Han wealthy businessmen at the end of Yuan Dynasty and had no official position.
Qi Xing, head of the site of Jinan Archaeological Institute, said in an interview: "According to the existing materials, the owners of these tombs should be landlords or wealthy businessmen of the Han nationality, and the burial time is relatively concentrated, but the forms of tombs are very different, such as the distinction between single and double, the distinction between stone chambers and brick chambers, and the distinction between circular and square tombs. In addition, a certain number of brick carvings and painted murals have been unearthed in the tombs. They are rich in subjects and diverse in types. Including banquets, opening doors and some filial piety stories, as well as daily life scenes. These materials provide new materials for us to study the daily life, customs, architecture, thoughts, diet, clothing and other aspects of Jinan landlords or wealthy businessmen in the late Yuan Dynasty.
Although it was stolen, because it has a clear date, some porcelain unearthed is the standard instrument at the end of Yuan Dynasty. Through these standard instruments, we can provide reference for dating porcelain unearthed from tombs or sites of the Yuan Dynasty in Jinan and its surrounding areas, which is of scale significance to our research.
Jinan is now the first in the province to implement archaeological pre-positioning, and to protect more cultural relics in a planned way. Whether the unearthed tombs should be protected in situ or relocated, or whether there are other protective measures, needs further demonstration by experts.
All kinds of porcelain unearthed in tombs
Can be used as a standard musical instrument in the late Yuan Dynasty,
For the surrounding areas of the Yuan Dynasty tombs or sites.
To help determine the age of unearthed porcelain,
Have the function of a ruler.
At present, the archaeological excavation of the site has basically ended.
How to protect these exquisite tombs in the next step needs expert argumentation.