Introduction to psychology and psychological counseling are the most difficult. Most psychological counselors, many psychologists, students majoring in psychology and even some professors have spent more than ten years studying psychology, but it is difficult to get into the door of psychology. Few subjects in the world are as wonderful as psychology.
This is mainly due to three reasons:
First of all, psychology is far from mature.
Second, psychology is an interdisciplinary subject, which spans the two major human knowledge frameworks of arts and sciences, and the system is too complicated. The research scope of psychology is the same as many disciplines.
Third, psychology is a double-edged sword. Its knowledge is applied to many fields, such as politics, military affairs, crime and so on. This inevitably leads to the fact that the education of psychology is not completely open. Much knowledge in the field of psychology is confidential.
Without special opportunities, it is difficult to see the whole picture of learning psychology. For example, academic psychology all over the world basically separates the theoretical concept of psychology from the relationship between the practical application of psychology and actual combat. So that learners often only know some theories and have no chance to obtain specific practical methods.
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Because psychological counseling is only a small branch of the huge system of psychology, the following is only a list of 16 questions required for the introduction of psychological counselors for your self-examination.
1. There are several different research paradigms in psychology. In the field of psychological counseling, can you clarify the four schools of psychological counseling? Cognition, behavior, dynamics, existential postmodernism, etc. , the treatment paradigm of each school, that is, the psychopathological model of each school, or the treatment logic and path of each school.
2. All theories behind psychological counseling are based on various philosophies. The most commonly used philosophy is structuralism. Psychologists must be able to draw the basic hypothetical model of human spiritual world with structuralism.
The next question raised by the second question is, what are the basic assumptions of the spiritual world of human beings in the East and the West? Three basic problems of philosophy? What are the differences between China and the West in ontology, epistemology and axiology? The above two questions are the cognitive cornerstones that psychological counselors must have in clinical practice.
Can you tell the difference between people's psychological content and psychological form? This is the intervention scope that psychological counselors must distinguish in clinic.
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5. Psychoanalysis is the most controversial field in academic psychology and Jianghu psychology. Psychoanalytic schools are also a basic source of psychological counseling. Psychological counselors must be able to distinguish effective components from ineffective components in various schools of psychoanalysis. Various schools of psychoanalysis can be collectively called dynamic psychological counseling, and their differences are also great. Can you clearly know the analytical schools of Freud, object relationship, self-psychology, Lacan and Jung, and what their therapeutic logic is?
What are the differences between Freudian Classical School, Object-ego School, Lacan School and Bion School in psychoanalysis in terms of treatment concepts and assumptions, and in the application of specific treatment techniques? What are the differences between Freudian Classical School, Object Ego School and Jungian School in terms of therapeutic ideas and assumptions?
6. Personality disorder is the most interesting issue for psychology lovers and professional psychological counselors. Is there a difference between a workplace with personality disorder and a psychological counseling room? Does personality disorder show an explicit behavior in all situations? Is there a difference between EAP in the workplace and general psychological counseling in understanding the personality of the client?
7. Which has the greatest influence on people, heredity or environment, family background or early upbringing environment? 6 months, 1 year, 3, 5 years old or 12 years old? Did people's personality traits set in those days? What are the assumptions of different schools of psychoanalysis about personality formation at different ages? What is the view of academic psychology on personality formation?
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8. What is the most common survivor bias in psychological counseling? What are the samples studied by different schools of psychoanalysis? What is the relationship between the general public and the samples of psychoanalytic research?
9. What are the most effective healing factors of speech therapy, nonverbal therapy, art therapy and game therapy in psychological counseling?
10. What is the difference between cognitive therapy and Freud, the school of object self-relation, Lacan school and Jung school in treatment hypothesis and treatment logic?
1 1. Art therapy and game therapy often use projection analysis. Can you distinguish between symbol, substitution and metaphor?
Take painting therapy, sand table game, music therapy and dance therapy, which are the favorite of domestic psychological counselors, for example. What are the differences in the use of symbols, substitution and metaphor in specific clinical work? How to use, explain and analyze symbols, substitutions and metaphors in clinical psychological counseling technology?
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12. In clinical consultation, what behaviors of psychological counselors will lead to hints? How to judge whether the materials obtained in psychological consultation are true and effective?
13. Mental health in western psychological counseling is the standard for treating personality independence. Is personality independence the standard of mental health in psychological counseling in China? Is the visitor's personality independence under China culture different from that under Western culture? How to build a better personality model of China people from the perspective of mental health?
14. At present, the whole theory and technology of psychological counseling are developed by western civilization in response to the challenge of the industrial revolution crisis to human nature for more than 100 years. What will happen to human psychology in the Internet age? Is the premise of traditional psychoanalysis based on empathy suitable for visitors in the Internet age? How to grasp and do a good job in psychological counseling when the Internet generation teenagers have low desire and declining internal drive, and even many teenagers fall into the virtual world, quit the real relationship and are tired of learning and dropping out of school?
15. What is the difference between the organizational behavior and management psychology of enterprises in the Internet era and the industrial revolution period? How can enterprises effectively carry out EAP work?
The above is the 15 question put forward by Bian Xiao, an ivy league doctor, aiming at the introspection of various self-proclaimed psychologists. Have you really entered the door of psychology? I hope it will be helpful to all candidates. Learn more about psychological counselors' examination nodes, application guidelines, examination skills and other information. , please check it on this platform in time!