the Three Gorges
Li daoyuan
The Three Gorges, 700 Li, is surrounded by mountains on both sides, and there is no gap. Rocks piled up and covered the sky, because the pavilion was at noon and there was no sunrise at night.
As for launching Xiangling, it is along the back block. Or the king ordered an emergency notice, sometimes going to Baidicheng and going to Jiangling at dusk. During this period, although he took the wind, he didn't get sick.
In spring and summer, the green pool is surging and the reflection is clear. There are many strange cypresses, hanging springs and waterfalls flying in them. Rong Qing Junmao, it's fun.
At the beginning of every sunny day, the frost shines, the forest is cold and sad, and there are often high apes whistling, which leads to sadness, the empty valley echoes, and the sadness turns to leisurely. So the fisherman sang: "The Wuxia Gorge of the Three Gorges in Badong is long, and the apes cry three times!"
Translation:
Since the Three Gorges 700 miles ago, the mountains on both sides of the strait have been continuous without any interruption; There are many cliffs and layers of cliffs. If it is not noon and midnight, there is no sun or moon.
When the river overflows the hills in summer, the downward and upward routes are blocked. Sometimes when the emperor has an order, he has to convey it quickly. He started from Baidicheng in the morning and arrived in Jiangling in the evening. The distance between the two places is 1200 Li! Even if you ride a fast horse and ride the wind, it's not that fast.
In spring and summer, snow-white rapids and green pools whirl clear waves, reflecting the shadows of various scenery. There are many cypress trees with strange postures growing on the high mountains, hanging springs and waterfalls and swaying. Clear water, brilliant trees, high mountains and lush grass are really interesting.
On a day in Chu Qing or a frosty morning, trees and mountain streams show coolness and silence. The ape at the height roared loudly, and its voice was continuous and extremely desolate. The echo of the ape's cry came from the empty valley, which was sad and tactfully, and I haven't seen it for a long time. So the fishermen of the Three Gorges sang: "The Wuxia Gorge in the Three Gorges of Badong is long, and the ape sings three times with tears!"
Precautions:
Self: from, there is a meaning of "existence" here. Three Gorges: refers to Qutang Gorge, Wuxia Gorge and Xiling Gorge between Chongqing and Hubei provinces in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River. The total length of the Three Gorges is actually only over 400 miles.
Slightly none: none. Que: Vacancy.
Zhàng: A barrier-like mountain peak.
Lunch break: a "pavilion noon", noon. Night minutes: midnight.
Sunrise (xρ): sunshine.
Xiashui Xiangling: In summer, the water rises above Gaoling. Xiang, let's go. Mausoleum, a big earth mountain.
Down: Down the river. Tracing back: the same as "tracing back" and going upstream.
Or: sometimes. Royal decree: imperial proclamation. Announce: to announce or convey.
Chaobai Fadi: Depart from Baidicheng in the morning. Bai Di: The name of the city is in fengjie county.
Jiangling: jiangling county, Hubei Province today.
Ben: Mercedes-Benz's fast horse. Defend the wind: ride the wind.
Answer: Yes. Compared with sailing boats, sailing against the wind is not fast. Or that "taking" as "similarity" is wrong. (See the mistakes in Zhao Yiqing's Notes on Water Mirror)
Surging current: a fast current with rolling waves. Green pool: a green pool.
Clear reflection: the swaying clear waves reflect the shadow of the scenery on the shore.
Cliff (y ǐ n): A steep mountain peak. Hey, the top of the cave.
Hanging spring: a spring running down from the top of a mountain. Shu Fei: The current is rushing and swinging. Rinse and spray.
Qingrong Junmao: The river is clear, the trees are lush, the peaks are towering and the weeds are overgrown.
Early sunny: Chu Qingri. Frost Dan: A frosty morning.
Genus (zh incarnation): continuous. Introduction: Extension. Sad: sad, abnormal.
Sadness turns to eternity: sadness turns gently and takes a long time to disappear.
Badong: the name of Han county, located in Yunyang and Fengjie, Chongqing.
Wet: wet.
Shang: (Chang)
Enjoy 1:
Li Daoyuan's Three Gorges (the first paragraph) is a famous landscape work. The author described the natural features of the Three Gorges in less than 200 words.
Starting with Seven Hundred Miles of Three Gorges, the author not only explains the description object, but also introduces its total length.
Then, the author writes about the mountains first, using "the mountains on both sides of the river are high without gap" to describe the "connection" of the mountains, using "the height of the mountains" to describe the mountains, and using the profile of "leaving the pavilion at midnight without sunrise" to further make people feel the narrowness of the Three Gorges, and vividly outline the majestic Three Gorges in several strokes.
Water is the eye of the mountain. The author writes about water according to the natural seasons, starting from the summer when the water potential is the biggest and most urgent. Write sinister water potential, high water level and rapid current with the positive pole of "Xiashui Xiangling, resistance along the back". "I was in the morning and arrived in Jiangling at dusk. Although riding against the wind during the period, he was not sick. " Through comparison and exaggeration, I highlight the disease of water flow after the river surges in summer. Then write about the spring and summer when the water potential drops. At this time, the Three Gorges can be summarized by the word "repair". "Turbulence in the Plain" and "Green Pond", two colors and two modes, with dynamic and static interweaving and sharp contrast; "Qibai", "Hanging Springs" and "Waterfalls" are also quiet and moving, colorful, and mountains and trees meet in them, which is a spectacle. The word "Junmao" is written in three words: the word "Qing" is water, the word "Jun" is mountain, and the words "Rong" and "Mao" are cypress trees. "A lot of interest" is mixed with the author's aesthetic interest, which integrates poetry and painting. When the author was writing Autumn Water, he used the word "frost" to imply that he was writing about the coldness of the Three Gorges autumn scenery, and it was sad to set off the bleak autumn with the sound of apes.
As a description of the landscape, this article does not simply describe the landscape, but describes the landscape with emotion (for example, "A Great Fun" shows the beauty of spring and summer scenery, "Howl of Apes" and "Sadness" shows the coolness of autumn scenery), and it talks about the feeling of entering the landscape (for example, the first few sentences reflect the overall feeling of enjoying the Three Gorges for the first time, which makes people feel majestic and strange. The following is divided into four parts: sometimes fear, sometimes joy, and sometimes sadness.
All landscape words are sentimental words. Beginners should write their own characteristics, which are consistent with their thoughts and feelings.
The author introduces:
Li Daoyuan was born in Zhuolu, Fanyang (now Qiao Zhou, Hebei). His date of birth is unknown. Xiaochang of the Northern Wei Dynasty died in Guanzhong (now Linzhang, Shaanxi) in 527. Li Daoyuan was born in an official family, and his grandfather and father were both officials for many years. As an adult, Li Daoyuan has served as a central and local official for many times and has been to many places. During his tenure as an official, Li Daoyuan strictly enforced the law, made a decisive decision and severely punished all kinds of illegal acts. As a result, he offended some local strongmen and royalty, and was later assassinated by royalty.
Li Daoyuan has been interested in geographical research since he was a teenager. He likes to visit the rivers and mountains of the motherland, especially to study the hydrogeology and natural features of various places. He made full use of the opportunity of serving as an official in various places to conduct on-the-spot investigation, covering Hebei, Henan, Shandong, Shanxi, Anhui, Jiangsu, Inner Mongolia and other vast areas, investigating local geography, history, customs and so on, and mastering a lot of first-hand information. Wherever he goes, he will visit places of interest, mountains and rivers, carefully survey the topography of water flow, visit local elders, and learn about the changes of ancient and modern waterways, the origin of rivers, the areas flowing through, and so on. At the same time, in his spare time, he also read a lot of ancient geography works, such as Shan Hai Jing, Yu Gong, Yu Benji, Li Zhou Zhi Fang, Han Shu Geography, Water Mirror and so on. He has accumulated rich geographical knowledge and laid a foundation for his geographical research and writing.
By comparing the geographical phenomena I saw with ancient geographical works, I found that many geographical phenomena have changed greatly with the passage of time. If the changes of these geographical phenomena are not recorded in time, it will be more difficult for future generations to understand the geographical changes in history. Therefore, it is necessary to make a detailed investigation of the geographical situation at this time, consult ancient literature at the same time, and verify it with ancient geographical works, so as to record the historical changes of geographical features as detailed and accurate as possible. Therefore, Li Daoyuan decided to write a complete geography book in the form of annotations based on the water mirror.
Water Mirror is a geographical work written by Sang Qin during the Three Kingdoms period, which briefly describes the waterway conditions of 137 major rivers in China. The original text is only 1000 words, which is quite brief and lacks systematicness, and the history of the waterway and the geographical situation of the area it flows through are not detailed enough. To this end, Li Daoyuan used his rich first-hand information. On the basis of this, Li Daoyuan finally completed the geographical masterpiece Zhu.