Zhao Kuo studied the art of war when he was young, saying that he was a soldier, beyond the power of the world. It is not difficult to talk to my father about the military, but it is not good. Mother asked about luxury, and she said, "Soldiers will die, but it's easier said than done. If Zhao does not contain it, it will contain it. If Zhao is broken, it will contain it. " As for the general, his mother wrote to the king: "You can't be a general." The king said, "Why?" Yes, I said, "At first, I served my father. I was a general. There are more than ten people eating and drinking, and hundreds of friends. The king and the imperial clan gave all the rewards to military officials and scholars. On the day they received the order, they didn't ask about family affairs. Today, once he became a general, facing the east, the military attache dared not look up. The king will give you gold and silk, and if you hide it at home, it will be convenient for buyers to buy it on the same day. Why is Wang Yi like his father? Father and son are unfaithful, may the king not send them away. " The king said, "I have made up my mind." Kuomu said, "If the king finally sent him away, it would be like not weighing him, so I had to sit with him." Wang promised.
Zhao Kuo on behalf of Lian Po, more restraint, easy to place military attache. General Qin heard of it in vain, and the defeat was detailed, but he lost the way of feeding. The soldiers were divided into two ways, and the soldiers were centrifugal. More than forty days later, when the army was hungry, Zhao Kuo fought a deadly battle, and Qin Jun shot and killed Zhao Kuo. The army was defeated, and hundreds of thousands of people surrendered to Qin, and Qin learned about it. . Zhao's front and rear pawns are 450 thousand each? . Qin Jun will be around Handan next year, and he will be in his twenties. Lai Chu and Wei governors came to rescue [13], but they got rid of the siege of Handan. Zhao Wang also spoke first and included his mother, but he didn't punish him.
Translation:
Zhao Kuo studied the art of war and talked about military affairs since he was a child, thinking that no one in the world can beat him. He once talked with his father Zhao She about fighting. Zhao didn't hit him, but he didn't say he was good either. Zhao Kuo's mother asked Zhao She why, and Zhao She said, "It's a matter of life and death to fight a soldier, but he made it so easy. If Zhao doesn't use Zhao Kuo as a general, it is only if he must be a general, it must be that he has failed Zhao. " When Zhao Kuo was leaving, his mother wrote to the king of Zhao and said, "Zhao Kuo can't make him a general." Wang Zhao said, "Why?" He replied, "When I served his father, he was a general. Ten people were provided with food and drinks by him personally, and hundreds of them were regarded as friends by him. All the gifts given by the king and the royal family are distributed to military officials and their families. From the day he accepted the order, he stopped asking about family affairs. Now that Zhao Kuo has become a general, he will face the East and appear in court for trial. No officer dared to look up at him. All the gold and silk given by the king were taken home for collection. He also visits cheap and suitable fields and properties every day and buys whatever he can. How does the king treat him like his father? Father and son are connected. I hope the king will not send him to lead the troops. " Wang Zhao said, "Put it down and forget it. I have made up my mind. " Zhao Kuo's mother went on to say, "You must send him to lead the troops. If he is incompetent, can I not be implicated? " Wang Zhao agreed.
After Zhao Kuo changed Lian Po, the original rules and regulations were changed, and the original military attache was also changed. When General Qin heard these things, he sent out Indiana Jones, pretended to be defeated and fled, cut off Zhao's grain transportation road, divided Zhao into two halves, and Zhao's foot soldiers were centrifugal. After more than forty days, Zhao was hungry. Zhao Kuo sent a good soldier to fight in person and shot Zhao Kuo. Zhao Kuo's army was defeated, hundreds of thousands of troops surrendered to Qin Jun, and Qin Jun buried them alive. Zhao * * * lost four hundred and fifty thousand people. The following year, Qin Jun surrounded Handan. For more than a year, Zhao has barely recovered. The siege of Handan was lifted only because of the rescue of Chu and Wei armies. The prince of Zhao was not implicated in Zhao Kuo because of his mother's pre-announcement.
2. Who can translate Zhao Kuo's classical Chinese translation?
Zhao Kuo studied the art of war and talked about military affairs since he was a child, thinking that no one in the world can beat him. He once talked with his father Zhao She about fighting. Zhao didn't hit him, but he didn't say he was good either. Zhao Kuo's mother asked Zhao She why, and Zhao She said, "It's a matter of life and death to fight a soldier, but he made it so easy. If Zhao doesn't use Zhao Kuo as a general, it is only if he must be a general, it must be that he has failed Zhao. " When Zhao Kuo was leaving, his mother wrote to the king of Zhao and said, "Zhao Kuo can't make him a general." Wang Zhao said, "Why?" He replied, "When I served his father, he was a general. Ten people were provided with food and drinks by him personally, and hundreds of them were regarded as friends by him. All the gifts given by the king and the royal family are distributed to military officials and their families. From the day he accepted the order, he stopped asking about family affairs. Now that Zhao Kuo has become a general, he will face the East and appear in court for trial. No officer dared to look up at him. All the gold and silk given by the king were taken home for collection. He also visits cheap and suitable fields and properties every day and buys whatever he can. How does the king treat him like his father? Father and son are connected. I hope the king will not send him to lead the troops. " Wang Zhao said, "Put it down and forget it. I have made up my mind. " Zhao Kuo's mother went on to say, "You must send him to lead the troops. If he is incompetent, can I not be implicated? " Wang Zhao agreed.
3. Online translation of classical Chinese in Zhao Kuo. During the Warring States Period, Zhao She, a general of the State of Zhao, was promoted to Shangqing by Zhao Huiwen, the king of Qin Jun who was defeated and invaded.
He has a son named Zhao Kuo, who has been familiar with the art of war since childhood and loves to talk about military affairs. People often say that he is not. So he is arrogant and thinks he is invincible in the world.
However, Zhao She was very worried about him, thinking that he was just an armchair strategist, and said, "In the future, Zhao doesn't need him as a general. If you use him as a general, Zhao Jun will be defeated. " Sure enough, in 259 BC, when he attacked again, Zhao insisted on resisting the enemy in Changping (now near Gaoping County, Shaanxi Province).
Zhao was already dead at that time. Lian Po is in charge of commanding the whole army. Although he is old, he still has a good way of fighting, which makes Qin Jun unable to win.
Knowing that it was not good for him to drag on, the State of Qin used double agents to send people to Zhao to spread the news of "General Zhao Kuo, the son of Zhao She, which Qin Jun was most afraid of". The prince of Zhao was cheated and sent Zhao Kuo instead of Lian Po.
Zhao Kuo thought he was good at fighting, and moved all the articles in Sun Tzu's Art of War to the dead. After Changping, he completely changed Lian Po's battle plan. As a result, more than 400,000 Zhao troops were wiped out, and he himself was shot by Qin Jun.
4. Classical Chinese, Zhao Kuo is an armchair strategist, and Keiko pays all the money. Slugs are insects that like to carry things.
When you meet something while crawling, you always grab it and lift your head to carry it. Things are getting heavier and heavier, even if they are tired.
Its back is not smooth, and things will not come apart when piled up. Finally, it is overwhelmed and can't get up. Some people pity it and take things from its back.
But if slugs can crawl, they will scratch things on their backs as before. The bug liked to climb high again, and refused to stop with all his strength, so that he fell to the ground and died.
Now those insatiable people in the world take a handful of money when they see it and use it to fill their own property. They don't know that wealth and commodities have become their own burdens, but they are afraid that the accumulation of wealth is not enough. When they collapsed due to negligence, some were dismissed from office, and some were exiled to remote areas, which was considered as suffering.
If they are used, they don't think about repentance. They think about improving their status and increasing their wages every day. They are insatiable and almost fall to their death. They see those who commit suicide because they are desperately corrupt officials, and they don't know how to learn from them. Even though they look huge in appearance and their names are people, their knowledge is the same as that of slugs. What a pity! This is an allegorical sketch that satirizes the ugly face and mentality of "insatiable people in this world" who accumulate wealth, are insatiable and never realize it.
Although this article is short, it is like a mirror, reflecting the dark reality of society at that time. The author is good at observing life, and the nature of insects holding things and carrying loads can be seen. He is better at thinking about social life and writing about the greed of corrupt officials.
The metaphor is appropriate, the transition is natural, the language is sharp, the narrative is vivid, the argument is alert, the implication is profound, and it has a strong critical spirit. For thousands of years, it can still warn the world.
Zhao Kuo is an armchair strategist. When Zhao Kuo was young, he studied the art of war and talked about military affairs, taking the world as an example. Taste 4 and father luxury ⑤ Talking about the military, luxury is not difficult ⑤, but it is not good either.
Mother asked about luxury, and she said, "A soldier will die, but this includes easy words. If Zhao is not included, he will be included. If he is willing to break the Zhao army, he will contain it. "
Zhao Kuo not only attended instead of Lian Po, but also was more restrained (1 1) and easily placed (12) as a military attache. General Qin heard in vain. He pretended to be defeated by Jones (13), but lost the route for providing foodstuff (14). The soldiers were divided into two ways and separated.
More than forty days later, when the army was hungry, Zhao Kuo went out to fight, and Qin Jun killed Zhao Kuo. The army was defeated, and hundreds of thousands of people surrendered to the State of Qin. The State of Qin learned about this pit (15).
(selected from Historical Records) ① When I was young; As a child. 2 Talking about military affairs: Talking about fighting with soldiers.
No one in the world can beat him: he thinks no one in the world can beat him. ④ Taste: Once ⑤ Luxury: Zhao She, the father of Zhao Kuo and a good general of Zhao.
6 difficult: refute. 7 Soldiers will die: Fighting with soldiers is a dangerous situation.
8 It's easy to say: it's easy to say. Zhao: Zhao.
Attending Lian Po: A good general of Zhao. Lian Po fought against Qin, and adopted a defensive war with deep trenches and high bases according to the actual situation.
After the prince of Zhao was trapped by the State of Qin, he replaced Lian Po with Zhao Kuo. (1 1) Learn more constraints: completely change the original disciplines and regulations.
(12) Convenient replacement: replacement. (13) Jones: Dispatch and dispatch unpredictable troops.
(14) Absolute: Truncated. (15) pit (kēng): buried alive.
Zhao Kuo studied the art of war since he was a child, and when it comes to fighting, he thinks that no one in the world can beat him. (Zhao Kuo) once talked to his father Zhao She about fighting with soldiers. Zhao She couldn't refute (him), but (Zhao She) didn't say he was good either.
Zhao Kuo's mother asked Zhao She why, and Zhao She said, "War is a place where people fight for survival, but Zhao Kuo makes it easy. If Zhao doesn't let Zhao Kuo be a general, forget it. If he must be a general, then it must be Zhao Kuo who destroyed the Zhao army. "
..... Zhao Kuo immediately replaced Lian Po (general anti-Qin), and all the military disciplines and rules were changed, and the officers were also changed and rearranged. The general of the State of Qin, Bai Qi, heard about these things, identified this elusive army, pretended to be defeated, cut off the road of transporting rations to Zhao, and split Zhao's army in two, so the army was distracted.
After more than forty days, the soldiers in the army were hungry, and Zhao Kuo personally led a good soldier to battle. Qin Jun shot Zhao Kuo.
Zhao Kuo's army was defeated, so hundreds of thousands of soldiers surrendered to Qin, who buried them alive. Keiko phase beam Keiko (1) phase beam (2) phase beam (3), Zhuangzi sees it.
Or (4) Keiko said, "Zhuangzi will come instead." So Keiko was afraid and searched in the country for three days and nights.
Zhuangzi went to see it and said, "There is a bird in the south named Yu ā n chú. What do you know? Husband's pheasant originated in the South China Sea and flew in the North Sea. I don't eat phoenix tree, and I don't drink it unless I practice. So ⑽┙⑾(chθ) took the rotten mouse, and the hen passed by and looked up and said,' Scare ⑿ (hè)!' This son tried to scare me with his son's Guo Liang? "(1) Keiko: that is, Hui Shi, a philosopher in the Song Dynasty during the Warring States Period and a good friend of Zhuangzi.
⑵ phase: the person who assists the monarch is equivalent to the prime minister of later generations. Used as a verb here, it means to be prime minister.
(3) Xiang Liang: Liang Guoguo. Liang was another name after Wei moved the capital Liang (now Kaifeng, Henan) in the Warring States Period.
Some people. 5. Country: the national capital.
Chicken: a phoenix-like bird in ancient legends. (7) stop: habitat.
(8) Exercise: Bamboo is the fruit of bamboo. ⑼ ⑼ (lǐ ⑼) Spring: Spring water is as sweet as ⑼ (sweet wine).
So: at this time. ⑾: Kite.
⑿ Scare: Imitate the angry voice of an owl. The following "scare" is used as a verb.
Keiko served as prime minister in Liang, and Zhuangzi visited him. Someone told Hui Shi: "Zhuangzi came to Liang and wanted to replace you as prime minister."
So Hui Shi was so scared that he searched for three days and three nights in Beijing. Zhuangzi went to see him and said, "There is a bird in the south. Its name is Guli. Do you know that?/You know what? Storks fly from the South China Sea to the North Sea. It's not that buttonwood trees are not alive, bamboo fruits are not eaten, and sweet spring water is not drunk.
At this time, an owl picked up a rotten mouse and a snake flew past it. The owl looked up at it and let out a "scared" roar. Now you want to scare me with your Guo Liang? "It means that Zhuangzi is a man with lofty ideals, and he doesn't want fame and fortune.
Keiko is obsessed with fame and fortune, forgetting righteousness at the expense of profit.
5. Zhao Kuo is an armchair strategist. Liu Xuan studied hard to become a talented person. Please kneel down and beg Zhao Kuo to learn the art of war from an early age and talk about fighting. He thinks that no one can resist him. (Zhao Kuo) once talked to his father Zhao She about fighting with soldiers. Zhao She couldn't refute (him), but (Zhao She) didn't say he was good either. Zhao Kuo's mother asked Zhao She why, and Zhao She said, "War is a place where people fight for survival, but Zhao Kuo makes it easy. If Zhao doesn't let Zhao Kuo be a general, forget it. If he must be a general, then it must be Zhao Kuo who destroyed the Zhao army. " ……
Zhao Kuo immediately replaced Lian Po (as a general against Qin), changed all disciplines and regulations, and replaced and rearranged officers. The general of the State of Qin, Bai Qi, heard about these things, identified this elusive army, pretended to be defeated, cut off the road of transporting rations to Zhao, and split Zhao's army in two, so the army was distracted. After more than forty days, the soldiers in the army were hungry, and Zhao Kuo personally led a good soldier to battle. Qin Jun shot Zhao Kuo. Zhao Kuo's army was defeated, so hundreds of thousands of soldiers surrendered to Qin, who buried them alive.
During the reign of Emperor Taizong of the Ming Dynasty, Liu Xuan of Ji 'an took the place of others as a soldier in Wei Longxiang, the capital city, and kept horses for the Guards, studying day and night in the stables, but the Guards didn't know it at first. Liu Xuan happened to talk about Chunqiu with a private school teacher. The teacher was surprised and told Wei Shi about it. Wei is very kind to Liu Xuan. Soon, Liu Xuan retired from the army and was admitted to Jinshi. During the exam, Liu Xuan presided over the exam and was stunned by his article. He thought it must have been written by an old Confucian scholar in the mountains. When it was unsealed, he didn't know it was Liu Xuan's article, and people realized Liu Xuan's reputation as an intellectual.
During the Jingtai period, Gong Liu of Ji 'an announced that he would be stationed in Wei Longxiang, the capital, on his behalf, so that he could keep horses and livestock for the imperial guards and study in the stables day and night, which made him ignorant at first. In the Spring and Autumn Annals, the husband and wife and the teacher were amazed and easy to say. Soon, I found out that ... when I took the exam, Princess Liu Wen was shocked by his writing style. He said it would be the work of an old Confucian in Linshan, and it would be made public after unsealing. People only know the public, but Wen Gongming knows people's names.