1. Seedling raising
(1) Cutting seedling: it is difficult for Vitis amurensis cuttings to take root and survive, but the rooting rate of cuttings can reach 85%∽90% when they are soaked in 100ppm∽200ppm sodium naphthalene acetate and kept at 25∽30℃ for 24 hours, which is 20% higher than that without chemicals. When treated in this way, the temperature should not be too high or too low, otherwise it is not easy to take root or die.
(2) Grafting and seedling raising: collecting wild grape seeds, and grafting bisexual Huashan grape varieties after sowing and seedling emergence; You can also graft excellent grape varieties with Beida rootstock.
2. Close planting. Single-walled hedgerows with planting density of 2.5× 1.5 m have the highest yield and the best maturity of new shoots, with an average yield per mu 1000 kg or more.
3. Plastic surgery. Vitis amurensis can overwinter in the northeast open field, and plastic should be used to fix the main vine. The distance between main vines in the row is 50 cm, and there are two main vines within the plant spacing 1 m. The main vines start from 30 ∽ 50cm above the ground and leave1short-side vines at each node, with the length not exceeding 15cm. On the lateral vine, the mother branch can bear fruit.
4. Prune in winter. The fruiting branches of Vitis amurensis are above 90%, and some strains can reach as high as 100%. Short branches should be used for pruning in winter, and 2∽3 buds should be left as fruiting mother branches. In order to better make small updates and adjust the load on the frame surface, we can also cut the new branches on the lateral vine into a result group consisting of two short branches as a double-branch update. The ear of wild grape is very small. In order to increase yield, more fruiting mother branches should be left in winter pruning to increase the number of spikes per unit area. For example, when "Changbai 9" is pruned in winter, it is more appropriate to leave 35 buds per square meter, which can ensure that the number of fruit ears per square meter is not less than 50, and the yield per mu can reach 1000 kg.
5. Prune in summer. Because of the large amount of buds left in winter pruning, the leaves of Vitis amurensis are large, the growth is also large, and the shelf surface is easy to close, which affects the results. 5-7 days after flowering, the new shoots are cored repeatedly, and all the other secondary branches are cut off except 1 secondary branch, which can ensure that there are about 180 leaves per square meter of shelf surface, which is suitable for the formation of yield and the maturity of branches and vines.
6. Improve the fruit setting rate. The main ways to improve the fruit setting rate are: equipped with pollination trees, and the planting ratio of all-Huashan grapes to male plants is 5: 1 or 3: 1, so the natural pollination effect is good. Spraying 0.3% boric acid aqueous solution at flowering stage can improve the fruit setting rate by 66.7%.
7. Control pests and diseases. The resistance of Vitis amurensis to downy mildew is poor, and prevention is the main management. Before the rainy season comes in late June, Bordeaux mixture can be sprayed for prevention and control, and then sprayed every 7∽ 10 day, and its concentration is 180∽200 times equivalent formula. If the disease occurs, it can be sprayed with 300 times aqueous solution of 40% ethyl aluminum wettable powder, which has a good therapeutic effect.