Seismic fortification requirements are the standards that construction projects must meet to resist earthquake damage, which are formulated by the administrative department of earthquake in the State Council. Considering the earthquake environment, the importance of the project, the allowable risk level, the safety goal to be achieved and the economic bearing capacity of the country, it is mainly expressed by earthquake intensity or ground motion parameters. To put it simply: it is to set up measures to prevent earthquake disasters in the process of project construction. Seismic fortification is usually achieved through three links: determining seismic fortification requirements, that is, determining the ability of buildings to resist earthquake disasters; Seismic design, taking seismic measures such as foundation and structure to meet the requirements of seismic fortification; Seismic construction, in strict accordance with the seismic design and construction, to ensure the quality of the building. The above three links complement each other and are inseparable, and are enforced by the state through laws and regulations.
Second, how to correctly use the fourth-generation China earthquake ground motion parameter zoning map?
(a) the seismic design of new construction, expansion and reconstruction of general construction projects and the seismic appraisal and reinforcement of existing general projects must be carried out in accordance with the seismic design requirements stipulated in this standard.
(2) The scale of Appendix A (China Earthquake Peak Acceleration Zoning Map) and Appendix B (China Earthquake Response Spectrum Characteristic Periodic Zoning Map) of this standard is1:4 million, so it is not suitable for amplification.
(3) The seismic fortification requirements of the following projects or areas should not be directly applied to this standard, and special research is needed.
A the seismic fortification requirements are higher than those in the seismic parameter zoning map.
Major projects, projects that may cause serious secondary disasters, nuclear power plants and other nuclear facilities with special requirements;
B, new construction, expansion and reconstruction projects are located in the area of 4 kilometers on both sides of the ground motion parameter zoning boundary;
C big cities, large industrial and mining enterprises and long distances located in areas with complex engineering geological conditions
Stay away from lifeline engineering and new development areas.
What is the relationship between seismic safety evaluation and seismic fortification requirements?
The result of seismic safety evaluation is an important premise and basis for determining seismic fortification. Seismic safety evaluation is a kind of scientific and technological behavior, which embodies that seismic science and technology directly serve the national economy. All units with seismic safety evaluation qualifications can engage in this work within the scope of qualification confirmation. Determining the seismic fortification requirements is a kind of government behavior, which is obviously mandatory. After the seismic safety evaluation results are examined and approved by authorized appraisal institutions, the corresponding departments or institutions of the people's governments at or above the county level responsible for seismic work shall determine the seismic fortification requirements according to the examination results and the categories and importance of comprehensive projects, which have legal effect.
Fourth, why should we conduct seismic safety evaluation?
(a) construction projects and projects that may have serious secondary disasters must be evaluated for seismic safety, which is the requirement of national and local laws and regulations. Paragraph 3 of Article 17 of People's Republic of China (PRC) Earthquake Prevention and Disaster Mitigation Law, Article 11 of Administrative Regulations on Earthquake Safety Evaluation, Paragraph 2 of Article 21 of Sichuan Earthquake Prevention and Disaster Mitigation Law, and Article 9 of Administrative Regulations on Earthquake Safety Evaluation of Construction Sites in Sichuan Province are clearly stipulated, which is the need of economic construction and sustainable development, and also a century-long plan for engineering construction.
(2) Seismic safety evaluation can make the seismic fortification of construction projects scientific, reasonable and economical. The seismic fortification requirements of major construction projects and construction projects that may have serious secondary disasters are different from those of general construction projects. If seismic safety evaluation is not carried out, it is obviously lack of scientific basis to simply apply intensity zoning map for seismic fortification. Low fortification will bring hidden dangers to the project, while high fortification will increase the construction investment and cause unnecessary waste (usually, the investment of 7-8 degree project will increase 10- 15%).
(3) According to the instructions of the four-generation zoning map, the intensity zoning map cannot be used for construction projects in areas with poor seismic research and within 4 kilometers on both sides of the boundary line of the intensity zone, and the seismic fortification requirements must be determined through seismic safety evaluation.
(4) Seismic safety evaluation is the requirement of China's seismic fortification technology in line with international standards, and it is also the requirement of scientific and technological progress. With the development of seismic technology, a single intensity value can no longer meet the needs of seismic design, and it is further required to provide site ground motion parameters (acceleration, design response spectrum, ground motion time history, etc.). ) according to the specific circumstances of the construction project. For example, for super-large bridges and high-rise buildings, the influence of long-period seismic waves (teleseism) should be considered.
5. What are the projects and areas for seismic safety evaluation in Sichuan Province?
"Regulations on the Administration of Seismic Safety Evaluation of Engineering Construction Sites in Sichuan Province" has been adopted at the 54th executive meeting of the provincial people's government on 200/kloc-0, and is hereby promulgated. The Regulations clearly stipulate the construction projects that must be evaluated for seismic safety. The list is as follows:
Working class
Process type
Items and specifications
transmit
through
transport
lose
Bridges and tunnels with single-hole span ≥ 150m or multi-hole span ≥ 1000m and tunnel length ≥ 1000m.
Railway passenger waiting rooms in large and medium-sized cities, bus stations with annual average daily passenger traffic exceeding 10000 passengers, and underground stations in urban rail transit projects.
Heart station.
Aviation terminal, air traffic control building, large hangar, communication and power supply building of major international or domestic trunk airports.
Important tourist ropeway projects in key earthquake monitoring and prevention areas.
worker
Yegong
With * * *
Minshe
be useful
build
build
、
High-rise buildings with hard and medium hard sites more than 80 meters, and high-rise buildings with soft and weak sites more than 60 meters.
Large-span theaters, gymnasiums (centers) and other buildings in key earthquake monitoring and defense areas.
Office buildings and hospital buildings of government heads at or above the provincial, city (state) level in key earthquake monitoring and prevention areas.
All kinds of large-scale industrial and mining enterprises and long-span factories in the key earthquake monitoring and defense areas.
Research, production and storage of highly toxic and infectious biological products, natural and artificial bacteria and viruses.
Research, production and storage of flammable, explosive, corrosive and radioactive substances.
City (state) waterworks and water supply trunk lines in key earthquake monitoring and defense areas.
Tailings dam with full storage capacity ≥ 1 100 million cubic meters or dam height ≥ 100 meters.
Large grain depots and cold storage in key earthquake monitoring and defense areas.
water
profit
electric current
force
Large and medium-sized reservoirs and hydropower stations with an installed power generation capacity of over 50,000 kilowatts.
A thermal power plant with a single unit capacity of ≥ 300,000 kilowatts or a planned capacity of ≥ 800,000 kilowatts.
330 kV and 500 kV substations, and 500 kV lines span the iron tower.
Provincial, municipal (state) power dispatching centers in key earthquake monitoring and defense areas.
Large and medium-sized water storage projects.
Class 1 water retaining building (structure) project located in the upper reaches of the city.
Radio and television
Broadcast vision
Central and provincial TV FM and broadcasting tower buildings.
Computer room and antenna bracket with total emission power ≥200KV.
Youtong
cable
The final capacity of regional centers, provincial and municipal (state) satellite ground communication stations, long-distance telecommunication hubs, mobile communication hubs and key earthquake monitoring and defense areas.
A local office with more than 50,000 doors.
nuclear facilities
Nuclear power plant, nuclear reactor, nuclear heating device, nuclear waste treatment project.
Nuclear raw material production workshops and places where a large amount of radioactive materials are stored.
lithiation
oilman
Main production devices and their control systems in large and medium-sized chemical enterprises.
Stations and important sections of large and medium-sized oil (gas) pipelines.
30,000 cubic meters of oil storage and 654.38 million cubic meters of gas storage projects.
sewage disposal
Sewage treatment project with daily sewage treatment capacity ≥654.38+ million cubic meters.
qigong
Other processes
The state, the competent department of industry and the national standards, norms and regulations stipulate that seismic safety evaluation must be carried out in construction projects.
Construction projects that require the construction unit to carry out seismic safety evaluation.