The complete set of 16 clocks can be divided into two groups, with 8 clocks in each group, of which 14 was stolen or even left the country, and then recovered by Shanghai Museum. The first group is a big clock with light decoration and thin decoration, and the second group is a small and medium-sized clock with deep decoration and wide decoration. Moreover, there are subtle differences in modeling between the two groups. The researchers believe that although they are not cast at the same time, the melody is very harmonious. The inscription on the clock is carved with a sharp weapon, and the turning point of the stroke should be carved with four or five knives or five or six knives continuously, so that the strokes can be coherent, and the knife marks are very obvious so far.
More importantly, after rust removal, the words engraved on the 16 clock can be read continuously! The 355-word inscription completely records the course of Zhou Liwang's expedition to the east with Zhou Wang in the thirty-three years of Jin Dynasty, conquering rebel tribes and making contributions. This is not recorded in China's voluminous ancient history books. This is the first time that we found the inscriptions on the artifacts of the Western Zhou Dynasty nearly 3,000 years ago. After the discovery of Su Zhong, experts were equipped with bronze sharp weapons with different hardness to engrave words on bronzes, all of which ended in failure. This shows that as early as 3000 years ago in the Western Zhou Dynasty, Shanxi people had made tools as hard as steel and carved words on bronzes. This is a set of precious materials to rewrite the metallurgical history of China! According to Mr. Ma Chengyuan's textual research, a total of 16 paragraphs of chime inscriptions were obtained, which are arranged according to the serial number of chimes, and are collected as follows:
(1) After 30 years, there is only Wang, who is close to the east and south of the province. In the first month, he was born in Wu, while Wang Bu lived in Zhou Zong. In February, I hope that Wang will enter the week. In February (2), after the death of the tyrant, the king compensated the East. In March, the tyrant died. As for Wang and Zhi. The king personally ordered Hou Su of the Jin Dynasty: the leaders were Zuomianzhou (Zhou), Beimianzhou (Zhou) □, and the barbarians. Jin (3) Hou Su broke the first 120, citing the news of twenty and three husbands. As for the city, Wang is far from the province. Wang Zhijin is Hou Su's teacher, and Wang is a descendant of Che, Li and Nanxiang. (4) He personally ordered Jin Housu to enter the city from the northwest to meet him. The marquis of Jin led the cliff brigade, with the lad and the leader (rank) first, and fell into the trap (5), folding 100 pieces and holding ten reports. (6) When he went to Naolie, Naolie fled. The prince (7) became an inferior minister in Su Shuai's big room, (8) became a valet, and (9) described it. The marquis of Jin folded his head one hundred and ten times and held twenty husbands; Big room, small officer, car servant fold the first 150, accommodate 60 people. Wang Wei ascended the throne in the Duke of Zhou (10), and in early June, Ji was boundless, Dan and acceded to the throne. Wang told the caterer to summon Jin Housu and set about building the atrium. Qin Wangxi has four horses. Su Bai kowtowed, the pony was sent out at (1 1), and when he came back, he kowtowed. Ding Hai, Dan and Wang Yu are interested in the palaces in this city. Geng Yin, Dan, Da Shi, Sigong Yang's father entered Hou Su in the right Jin Dynasty, and his friend, Hou Su He in the Jin Dynasty, had a huge momentum. (12) Pixiu, the son of Su Ganyang, was used as a former scholar of Zhao Ge (65438), who was strict on the top and winged on the bottom, (12) Su (15) has no boundaries, and his descendants, (16) will always be in the capital.
The chimes of Duke Jin and Duke Su are a group of chimes unearthed from the cemetery of Jin in Zhaocun, Quwo, Shanxi. Among them, 14 was scattered in Hongkong, 1992 was rescued by Shanghai Museum in February, and the other two were unearthed in Tomb No.8 jointly excavated by Peking University Archaeological Department and Shanxi Provincial Museum. The chimes are divided into two groups, each with 8 bells. The inscription is engraved with 339 words * * *, with 9 words in the same article and 7 words in the same article (Note: Ma Chengyuan: chime bells of Jin and Hou Su, collected by Shanghai Museum, No.7,1996; Collected records 35-50. )。 According to various opinions, the explanation is as follows:
Only the king has been king for thirty years, and the king is near @(29)
Eastern and southern provinces. Born in the first month
Overlooking Wu Wu, Wang Bu lived in the Zhou Dynasty. two
Looking forward to the bright moon, the king is in the week. February
To be a tyrant and be a yin, to be a lonely man.
The tyrant will die in March, and as for the king,
Branches. Sue: Ordered Jin Hou.
It's the teacher, Zuo Fu, Guan.
North complex, □, cutting yi. promote
Hou Su folded one hundred and twenty, holding.
News 20 and three husbands, as for the king
Wang Qinyuan is a provincial teacher in Sung Hoon. king
When he arrived in Sushi, the king got off the bus and set off for the south.
Pro-life Jin Hou Su: Since the Northwest
The marquis of Jin led an army to attack Xuncheng.
Cliff squad, boy, people fall first.
Enter, fold the first hundred, and hold the news.
Ten and a husband. Wang Zhi,
The brain is fierce and fierce, and it is rushing out.
Queen su
Lead a big room and a small minister.
Car attendant
One by one. The first person to lose his head was Jin Hou.
Ten, twenty husbands; Big room and small minister
The valet bowed his head one hundred and fifty, holding the newspaper.
Sixty husbands. Wang Wei returned to Chengzhou. The public sector,
Palace. At the beginning of June, Ji Wuyin, Dan and Wang
Big room, acceded to the throne. Fu Shan, Wang Hu
Yue: It's called Jin Housu. Let's go, let's go.
Ting. The king gave four ponies. Su Bai, kowtow and take the pony.
Get out. Come back, bye, kotow. Ding hai, Dan,
The king cut the palace in the city. Geng Yin, Dan,
In the big room, Yang Sihong's father came in.
There are Jin Hou Su, Qin Wang Jin Hou Su Zhen,
Bow, arrow and horse. Suganyang
The son of heaven shows Lu Xiu, used as
Yuan and Yang Zhong, use Brother Shao.
Scholars in the former dynasty were strict.
Up, wings down,
Drums, except more.
Fu. Suwanqi
Time has no borders, and children and grandchildren are full.
Yongbao Zizhong
The inscription records the fact that in the thirty-third year of a king in the late Western Zhou Dynasty, Su Feng, the king of Jin, ordered a crusade against barbarians in Shandong and won a great victory. Zhou Wang worked as a teacher and was awarded to the Jin Dynasty twice. The inscription not only records this important war that is not recorded in the history books, but also leaves us with two rare records: one is to record five punctuality words; the other is to record the beginning of Kyrgyzstan, the birth of hegemony, the hope of hegemony, the death of hegemony and the death of hegemony. It is unprecedented to have such a complete time record on the container, which is an important material for us to discuss the calendar of the Western Zhou Dynasty. Secondly, the whole inscription is carved with sharp tools, and the strokes are smooth and regular, which provides us with new materials for studying metallurgical technology in the late Western Zhou Dynasty.
Today, as a treasure of China, 65,438+04 pieces of Jin Dynasty Su Zhong are in Shanghai Museum and 2 pieces are in Shanxi Museum.