After the Liao Dynasty, which was established in A.D. 1 125 and 2 18, was destroyed by the Jin Dynasty, the imperial clan of the Liao Dynasty established several small local governments: among these small local governments established by the imperial clan of the Liao Dynasty, Yeluge moved westward to the Chu River valley in Central Asia to establish the Western Liao Dynasty, but Yeluge and his brother Yeluge did not establish the Eastern Liao and the Later Liao respectively, and finally the Eastern Liao was destroyed. 12 18 After the Western Liao was destroyed by the Mongolian Western Expeditionary Army, the rest moved to Iran today, and the Western Liao State was established. It is undoubtedly the strongest in western Liaoning. He once dominated Central Asia, tried his best to restore the Liao Dynasty and sent troops back to China to attack the Jin Dynasty.
YeLvdashi, the founder of the Western Liao Dynasty, was the eighth grandson of YeLvdashi in the Liao Dynasty. During the reign of Liao Tianzuo, the rising Jurchen nationality posed a great threat to the Liao Dynasty. 1 124, before the demise of the Liao Dynasty, Yelv Dashi fled and became king, and gathered some remnants of the Liao Dynasty to revive the Liao Dynasty. But at that time, the ruler was in full swing, and he could not compete with it. 130 years, he had to lead troops from the Mongolian plateau.
In the face of the stable Jin Dynasty, Yale no longer insisted on retro, but expanded to the western regions, Mobei and Central Asia. With the bravery of the Khitans, they were invincible all the way, especially in the battle of Kavant in 1 1, which defeated the powerful Seljuk imperial Coalition at that time and dominated Central Asia. The reputation of Xiliao spread far and wide in West Asia and Europe. In its heyday, the area of West Liao was almost half that of the original Liao country. Gaochang Uighur, West Karahan, East Karahan, and Hualamozi successively expressed their obedience.
The national strength of Western Liao reached its peak and became the overlord of Central Asia. After the death of Lu Ye Dashi, Western Liao experienced three generations of monarchs: Xiao Da Bu Yan, Lu Ye Yi Lie and Lu Ye Su Pu Sheng. In the fixed period, the national strength of Western Liao declined and was finally usurped by Qu Chulu. 12 18, the Western Expedition Army of the Mongolian Empire perished in Western Liao.
At the same time of the demise of the Liao Dynasty and the Western Expedition, the Jin Dynasty broke through Tokyo (now Kaifeng), the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty, and captured Hui Di and Qin Emperor in 1 126, and the Northern Song Dynasty declared its demise. Although the Northern Song Dynasty perished, Hui Zong's son, Zhao Gou, escaped and proclaimed himself emperor in Tianfu (now Shangqiu) and rebuilt the Song Dynasty. Zhao Gou is the Song Gaozong known as the Southern Song Dynasty in history.
With the demise of the Northern Song Dynasty, the dynasty representing the truth of the world ceased to exist. However, Song Huizong's son Song Gaozong rebuilt the Song Dynasty in Jiangnan. Although he lost half of the Central Plains, he only continued the Song Dynasty and avoided its demise. Therefore, from a historical point of view, as a continuation of the history of the Northern Song Dynasty, the Southern Song Dynasty is still an orthodox dynasty.
The Southern Song Dynasty continued the Northern Song Dynasty just as the Eastern Jin Dynasty inherited the Western Jin Dynasty. From a historical perspective, the Chinese civilization centered on the Yellow River and the Yangtze River is actually the most important part of China's history. Southern Song Dynasty faces Jin Dynasty and Mongolia across the river. Whoever can cross the river to destroy the Southern Song Dynasty is the master of the world. Throughout the Southern Song Dynasty, it always confronted the rulers along the Yangtze River and Mongolia. The rulers failed to wipe out the Southern Song Dynasty, but the long-term military consumption was wiped out by the rising Mongolian Empire. Kublai Khan went south to destroy the Southern Song Dynasty and created the first unified minority regime in China history. Therefore, although the Southern Song Dynasty was in a corner, it was the key to the great cause of reunification. If the Southern Song Dynasty could not restore the rivers and mountains, it would only perish.
But the situation in West Liao is much more special. Although the Western Liao Dynasty was regarded as a continuation of the rest of the Liao Dynasty, the Liao Dynasty was not a unified regime from beginning to end, but only a separatist regime. He gave up the restoration of Liao Dynasty and went west to Central Asia. Although it was a continuation of the Liao Dynasty, the Jin Dynasty made two westerns because it was far from the Central Plains.
In the same period of China's history, not only the Western Liao Dynasty, but also the southern Dali Kingdom and the declining Tubo also had the same ultra-low sense of existence. In this period of China, the protagonists will always be the Southern Song Dynasty, the Jin Dynasty, Xixia and Mongolia. No matter the official history or the people, there is little mention of West Liao. The Southern Song Dynasty, the Jin Dynasty, Xixia and Mongolia were at loggerheads.