There are objective reasons for the gap between the east and the west, such as physical geography and resource endowment, subjective reasons such as development strategy and policy choice, and differences in institutional evolution, but the root cause is the difference in resource allocation between the east and the west. This difference is mainly manifested in the differences of resource allocation subject, resource allocation mode, resource allocation environment and resource allocation platform. In terms of the main body of resource allocation, the eastern region introduced the market economy system earlier, vigorously developed the non-public economy, and introduced a large number of foreign capital. The main body of resource allocation is enterprises, and the proportion of non-public enterprises is large; In the west, the state-owned economy dominates, the development of non-public enterprises and foreign-funded enterprises lags behind, and the main body of resource allocation is the government, and the proportion of enterprises, especially non-public enterprises, is very small. In terms of resource allocation, the market is the most important means of resource allocation in the eastern region, while the market in the western region plays a weak role in resource allocation, and the government occupies a dominant position. In terms of resource allocation environment, in the early days of reform and opening up, the eastern region gained the right to try first in economic system reform, fiscal and financial policy reform, and foreign investment introduction. At the same time, the state gives strong support in policies and funds and takes the lead in giving priority to development; However, it is difficult for the western region to enjoy many preferential policies such as early development in the eastern region, and the first-Mover advantage and the second-Mover disadvantage in policy aggravate the gap. In terms of resource allocation platform, the eastern region took the "special zone" as the leader in the early stage of development, forming different economic plates, and the mutual radiation and cooperation between the plates formed economic development platforms such as the Pearl River Delta and the Yangtze River Delta, which greatly realized the optimal allocation of resources; However, the development of the western region is more about individual combat, less cooperation between provinces and regions, and lack of a broader platform for economic development.
At present, narrowing the regional gap, achieving coordinated development and exploring ways to promote coordinated economic development between the east and the west should mainly start from the following aspects:
First, vigorously develop the non-public economy and promote the transformation of the main body of resource allocation. First of all, establish a new concept to adapt to the great development of non-public economy and realize that "developing non-public economy is to cultivate new economic growth points" Secondly, promote the development of non-public economy to a higher level and on a larger scale. While increasing its number, we should guide it to establish a modern enterprise system and improve its management level. Third, standardize government behavior and create a good social environment for the development of non-public economy. The government clearly defines its role and function in the development of non-public economy, and exerts its functions of service, guidance, coordination and supervision.
Second, accelerate the process of marketization in the western region and promote the transformation of resource allocation methods. To promote market-oriented reform is to give full play to the basic role of market mechanism in resource allocation and adjust the relationship between market entities through market rules. It is necessary to carry out conceptual innovation, get rid of the idea of "equality, dependence and inevitability" that emphasizes stability, aversion and fear of risks in natural economy and planned economy, and establish the concept of market economy that pursues efficiency, dares to face risks and meet challenges; It is necessary to change government functions according to the requirements of market economy, further rationalize the relationship between government and market, standardize government behavior, and establish a service-oriented government.
Third, strengthen policy support and promote the optimization of resource allocation environment. First of all, we should give the western region a practical and effective special policy that is different from the eastern region. For example, the Guanzhong Economic Zone with Xi 'an as the center is designated as the experimental zone for national independent innovation and comprehensive reform, giving the regional economic development the power of "trying first"; The Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia energy base with Yulin as the center has been designated as the national "Western Energy Development Special Zone" and Lintong Tourism Zone as the "Western Tourism Development Special Zone", in order to give full play to the resource advantages of the western region, improve the accumulation level and supporting capacity of resource industry development, increase the thickness of the industry, and improve the technical content and added value of the industry through the construction of special zones. Second, implement different macro-control policies. The central government fully considers the actual situation of western enterprises and gives them a chance to adjust themselves in the timing and intensity of adjustment. Thirdly, imitate the depreciation method of fixed assets, improve the depreciation rate of mineral resources development, extract enough depreciation fees to solve the problem of consuming western resources and destroying the environment in the eastern region, and do a good job in the ecological environment construction in resource development.
Fourth, do a good job in building a "sub-economic zone" and build a first-class resource allocation platform. "Sub-economic zone" refers to the further subdivision of economic zones on the basis of the division of the Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta, Chengdu-Chongqing Region and Guanzhong Region. Because the division between the eastern, central and western regions is too general and wide, it is difficult to concentrate on key construction. With the division of sub-economic zones, people, talents and things can be concentrated in a more effective range, so as to play their role in promoting, radiating and infiltrating regional economic development in a wider range. The most effective carrier of sub-economic regional construction is urban agglomeration. The construction of urban agglomeration has changed the space of resource allocation, formed the complementary advantages among different types of cities, expanded the social division of labor system among cities, and made it possible to optimize the allocation of industrial factors in a larger space and at a higher level. Since the reform and opening up in China, the economic growth in the first 20 years is basically point-driven, and the economic growth in the future 10 and the future 10 is group-based development, that is, the development of group-based urban agglomerations replaces the expansion of individual cities. Therefore, during the Eleventh Five-Year Plan period, we should vigorously promote the construction of major urban agglomerations in the western region. Northwest China should speed up the construction of Guanzhong urban agglomeration with Xi as the center, Hu Bao-Hubei urban agglomeration with Yulin as the center and Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Economic Zone to revitalize the development of the whole northwest China. Southwest China should continue to promote the construction of Chengdu-Chongqing economic zone, link the western functional zone with the economic cooperation between urban agglomerations and cities, and rely on urban agglomerations and sub-economic zones to achieve key development.
Source: Shaanxi Daily