China's economic development achievements have had and will continue to have a far-reaching impact on China and the global economic development. What are the main achievements of our economic development? First of all, it is reflected in the great leap of economic strength. At present, I will talk about a few simple data:
1, China's total economic output jumped from 15 in the world before the reform and opening up to 20 10, and its GDP increased from 364.5 billion yuan in 1978 to 471. Our current economic aggregate is about 1978 130 times that before the reform and opening up. In the past 30 years, the economic growth rate has reached 9.3%, which is three times the global average in the same period.
With the rapid growth of economic aggregate, China's per capita GDP also shows a trend of rapid growth. Our average annual growth rate is much higher than the population growth rate, and the result is the rapid growth of China's per capita GDP.
From 38 billion yuan in 1978 to 20 1 1 and then to 35083 yuan, the growth rate of per capita income was as high as 92 times, and the rapid growth of per capita GDP has continued to this day. In the past six years, China's per capita GDP still showed strong growth.
Let me also give you a simple data: from 2005, our per capita income ranked 89th in the world at 1 12 to 20 1 1. In these six years, China's per capita GDP ranked 23rd in the world, which is quite surprising.
2. With the rapid growth of economic aggregate and per capita income, the reform and opening up has also brought profound changes to the industrial structure of China. The proportion of our primary industry has dropped from about 28% of 1978 to about 10% at present.
At the same time, the proportion of foreign-funded industries in China has increased from 24% in 1978 to 44% at present, an increase of about 20 percentage points. While the proportion of primary industry is decreasing and the proportion of tertiary industry is increasing, the rise of manufacturing industry, the main industry in China's secondary industry, is particularly remarkable.
3. At present, the rapidly rising manufacturing industry ranks first in the world, and China has become a veritable manufacturing power.
At present, there are about 500 major industrial products in the world, and about 222 products rank first in the world. This title belongs to China. With the rapid rise of manufacturing industry, a number of major scientific and technological innovations with world advanced level have emerged in China in recent 30 years, and the development momentum of high-tech industries is also very good.
In the past 30 years, while deeply optimizing the industrial structure, we have made remarkable achievements in infrastructure construction. China's achievements in infrastructure construction such as hydropower, energy, transportation and communication can be compared with those of few countries in the world.
4. The great leap of economic strength is also manifested in the rapid growth of China's foreign exchange reserves. Before the reform, Chinese mainland's foreign exchange reserves were only 654.38+67 million US dollars, reaching 20 1 1, and our foreign exchange reserves have reached 311.
The growth of economic strength is not only reflected in the above aspects, but also in the substantial improvement of the per capita income level of rural residents in China. Before the reform and opening-up, China was a typical agricultural country in which food was the first priority. At that time, the per capita net income of farmers was only 134 yuan (1978 data). By 20 10, the average annual net income of farmers in China had risen to 5965438+.
5. With the rapid growth of rural per capita income, China's rural poverty rate dropped rapidly, from 30% in 1978 to about 4% in 20 10. The decline of poverty rate has completely liberated hundreds of millions of farmers in China. Up to now, although some of our population are still poor, we have greatly improved our ability to solve poverty today.
We will face some challenges in the future, but the prospect of solving the poverty problem is still optimistic. The main reason is that the economic basis for solving the poverty problem today is incomparable in the past.
6. The great growth of China's economic strength is also reflected in the growth of the country's financial strength. At the same time of rapid economic growth, China's national fiscal revenue has also experienced an unprecedented period of rapid growth. From 1978, China's total fiscal revenue *** 1 132 billion yuan has increased to 20 165438. This ratio is about 92 times that of 1978.
In 20 10, Chinese mainland residents have basically popularized household appliances, and the telephone penetration rate has reached 86.5 per 100 people. The number of netizens reached 457 million, including 450 million broadband users and 34.3% Internet users. Before the reform and opening-up, the shortage economy that has long plagued China has been fundamentally improved.
7. While the material and cultural living standards have been greatly improved, China has also made remarkable achievements in the construction of medical and health system. Since 2009, China has promoted a large-scale medical and health insurance reform. In just three years this year, the number of people enjoying basic medical and health security has accounted for 95% of the total number of people in the country. Such a high coverage rate, achieved in such a short time, is extremely rare in all countries of the world.
On the whole, the material and cultural living standard, education level and medical and health security level enjoyed by people in China today have reached an unprecedented height. Of course, we still have many shortcomings, but as an objective reality, our achievements in these areas are really impressive.
Extended data:
Reform and opening up is one of the two basic points of the basic line of the * * * production party in the primary stage of socialism in China. General principles and policies of socialist modernization since the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee.
Reform is the road to a strong country and the source of vitality for the development and progress of the party and the country. Reform, that is, internal reform, is to consciously adjust and reform the incompatible aspects and connections between production relations and productivity, superstructure and economic base on the premise of adhering to the socialist system, so as to promote the development of productivity and the overall progress of various undertakings and better realize the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people.
Opening, that is, opening to the outside world, is an inevitable choice to speed up China's modernization, conforms to the characteristics of the times and the general trend of world development, and is a basic national policy that must be adhered to for a long time.
References:
Reform and opening up-Baidu Encyclopedia