It has been 2 14 years since 1786, when humic acid was first obtained from soil. Taking Wujin San edited by Li Shizhen, a famous doctor in Ming Dynasty, as an example, humic acid has been used for more than 400 years, which fully illustrates the ancient history of humic acid.
Organized research on humic acid in China began in the late 1950s, mainly from the utilization of peat. In the 1960s, there was a nationwide upsurge of using humic acid fertilizer to improve soil, which was huge. The country really attached importance to and promoted it after the mid-1970s. Comrade Wang Zhen, then Vice Premier of the State Council, personally grasped it, and the State Council issued the documents11200 in 1974 and 1979 respectively, which comprehensively promoted the comprehensive development and utilization of humic acid in China. In 1980s, with the continuous development of humic acid industry in China, the State Economic and Trade Commission approved the establishment of "China Humic Acid Industry Association" on 1987, which was responsible for the unified organization and coordination of humic acid work in China. Some provinces and cities with large reserves of humic acid resources have also been included in the government work sequence, and humic acid offices have been established for this purpose.
Humic acid resources in China are very rich, with large reserves, wide distribution and good grade. According to statistics, peat has 654.38+0.248 billion tons, ranking fourth in the world; Brown coal12.65 million tons, and a large amount of weathered coal. In the utilization of bioengineering, we should further screen excellent strains, speed up the development of targeted strains, and make the resource utilization of biochemical humic acid or biochemical fulvic acid products endless.
Humic acid, as an organic raw material, is widely used in agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, petroleum, chemical industry, building materials, medicine, health, environmental protection and other fields. The direct or indirect application of humic acid has five aspects, which can be summarized into 70 sections. The main products developed in China are chemical fertilizers, pesticides, veterinary drugs, drought-resistant agents and feed additives; Medicines, health products and cosmetics; There are more than 100 varieties of petroleum additives, industrial water treatment agents, coal water slurry stabilizers, battery expansion agents, ceramic additives and ink additives, which basically constitute the complete system of humic acid products in China.
Although the comprehensive utilization of humic acid in China started late, its technical level is not backward in the world. There are as many as 109 institutions of higher learning and research institutes engaged in humic acid research in China, and more than 300 scientific research achievements have been achieved successively, and some technical products have reached the international leading level. Such as HA organic fertilizer, FA drought-resistant agent, SPNH high temperature and high pressure filtrate reducer, HA multifunctional pollution-free water treatment agent and other environmental protection products. Medical and health products such as "Wujin oral liquid" are still the quintessence of China.
Now our government is determined to control the ecological environment and improve people's production and lifestyle, which provides a big stage for the development and application of humic acid. Because humic acid has special functions, it will play its unique role in sand prevention and control, soil improvement, urban sewage treatment, ecological agriculture construction, production of green organic products, and development of drugs and health products.
Classification of humic acid
According to the source, humic acid can be divided into natural humic acid and artificial humic acid. Among natural humic acids, it can be divided into soil humic acid, coal humic acid, water humic acid and mold humic acid according to their existing fields.
According to the generation mode, humic acid can be divided into primary humic acid and regenerated humic acid (including humic acid in naturally weathered coal and artificially oxidized coal).
Humic acid can be divided into fulvic acid, brown fulvic acid and black fulvic acid according to its solubility and color in solvents. In the previous literature, there are also names of gray humic acid, brown humic acid and green humic acid, which are actually separated by different solvents.
According to the natural combination state, it can be divided into free humic acid and (calcium, magnesium) combined humic acid.
According to the humification degree (absorption coefficient) of humic acid, it can be divided into type A, type B (true humic acid), type RP and type P (immature humic acid).
Although the classification of humic acid is varied, it has little influence on our research and application.