Brief introduction of scenic spots of Kaifeng ancient city wall;
Kaifeng City Wall is located in Kaifeng City, Henan Province, with a total length of 14.4 km. It is the second largest existing ancient city wall building in China, second only to Nanjing City Wall, and it is a national key cultural relic protection unit.
The earliest city wall in Kaifeng history is Daliang City, the capital of Wei during the Warring States Period, which has been more than 2,300 years. It partially coincides with today's city wall, slightly northwest. In 365 BC, in order to control the Central Plains, Wei Huiwang moved the capital from Anyi (Xiaxian County, Shanxi Province) and built Daliangcheng. Today's Kaifeng City Wall was built in the Tang Dynasty.
In the second year of Tang Jianzhong (AD 78 1 year), Li Mian, then the military envoy of Yongping and the secretariat of Bianzhou, rebuilt Bianzhou City in the Southern and Northern Dynasties, which was the beginning of the history of Kaifeng City Wall. According to documents such as Corrigendum to North Road, the expanded Bianzhou City is 20 miles around the 155 step, with 7 gates, which enclose the Bianhe River into the city. The rebuilt Bianzhou City actually laid the foundation for today's Kaifeng City Wall.
In 960, Kaifeng, the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty, was known as Tokyo City in history. After 168 years, the Nine Emperors formed a grand city consisting of outer city, inner city and imperial city. According to historical records, at the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, the outer city of Tokyo had a circumference of 50 Li 165 steps, a height of 4 feet, a width of 5 feet and 9 feet, and a population of10.5 million. After Jin, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties, Kaifeng City experienced several wars and floods, and a generation of famous cities gradually disappeared in the long river of history.
Today, the Kaifeng City Wall was rebuilt in the 22nd year of Qing Daoguang (1842), with a height of 8m, a width of 5m and a perimeter of14.4km. The blue brick structure is roughly similar to that of the inner city of Tokyo. Although not as magnificent as Song Cheng, it is still the second largest city wall in China after Xi 'an City Wall, and it is listed as a national key cultural relics protection unit.
Daliangmen, commonly known as Ximen, was built in the second year of Tang Jianzhong (78 1). At the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang promoted Kaifeng to Beijing, the capital of Nanjing in the Ming Dynasty, and changed the West Gate to Daliangmen. Today's Daliangmen was rebuilt in 1998, which is the only rebuilt gate in Kaifeng and an important symbol of the ancient capital. The foundation of the city gate adopts blue brick structure with three arched openings. The tower adopts the architectural style of double eaves and mountains, carved beams and painted buildings, which is simple and elegant and magnificent.
On the north side of the city gate, the multi-storey ancient city road has been proved, which provides another important evidence for Kaifeng's unique overlapping city history and has been turned into an ancient city wall museum.
During the Five Dynasties, except the later Tang Dynasty, the capitals of Liang, Jin, Han and Zhou were all in Kaifeng. During this period, the rulers did not build Bianzhou City on a large scale, but renamed the original seven gates.
During the Northern Song Dynasty, Kaifeng City Wall, as one of the important parts of Tokyo (imperial city, inner city and outer city), was continuously built, with a large scale and great momentum. After the demise of the Northern Song Dynasty, Bianjing City was twice as big as the national capital. Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty expanded Kaifeng City to the north and south respectively, and expanded the inner city of the Northern Song Dynasty by 350 meters to the present south gate area; It has expanded 750 meters to the north, and the northern section of Kaifeng City Wall has been built so far. After the expansion of Jin people, the scale of Kaifeng city wall today was determined.
In the following years, Kaifeng city wall was flooded many times. In the 21st year of Qing Daoguang (A.D. 184 1), Kaifeng City Wall was rebuilt again, that is, the existing Kaifeng City Wall.
For hundreds of years, Kaifeng city wall has experienced floods and wars, but it still maintains the architectural style and scale of Yuan and Ming dynasties. In order to maintain the overall style of Kaifeng as a famous historical and cultural city, the Kaifeng Municipal People's Government began to repair the Kaifeng City Wall from 1994. After transformation, the dilapidated ruins of the past have disappeared, initially reappearing the grandeur of history.
By 1997, Kaifeng mobilized people from all walks of life to make joint efforts to repair the ancient city wall. In just a few months, * * * raised more than 1 ten thousand yuan. In less than 1 year, its landmark project, Daliangmen, stands proudly at the western end of the city wall. In the following period, the municipal government raised funds in various ways to repair Anyuanmen (North Gate) and Southwest Gate (Xiaonanmen). According to the planning of the cultural relics protection department, the remaining city gates will be gradually repaired. The restored Kaifeng city wall will be presented to the world in a more perfect image.