There are three main types of nerve deafness: sensorineural deafness, conductive nerve deafness and mixed nerve deafness.
The only clinical manifestation of neurological deafness is hearing loss or even disappearance, and patients often feel cicadas or other sounds in their ears. In a quiet environment, patients feel more intense and obvious, which may be accompanied by fever, headache, irritability, abdominal distension, backache and fatigue.
The symptom of nervous deafness is hearing impairment caused by cochlear spiral organ lesions in the inner ear, which is called sensorineural deafness (clinically, conductive deafness in the inner ear caused by internal and external lymph and basement membrane lesions is also summarized as sensorineural deafness), and deafness caused by nerve conduction pathway lesions is called sensorineural deafness. But it is usually difficult to distinguish the difference between them in clinic, so the combination of them is often called sensorineural deafness. Therefore, deafness and senile deafness caused by ear complications, drug or chemical poisoning, labyrinthitis, membranous labyrinthine hydrops, temporal bone fracture, acoustic neuroma, craniocerebral trauma, cerebrovascular accident, cerebrovascular sclerosis or spasm can all be summarized as sensorineural deafness.
Second, the factors that induce nervous deafness
The main cause of nervous deafness is long-term mental depression. Nervous deafness refers to the pathological changes in the auditory nerve of the inner ear and the auditory pathway of the brain, which leads to hearing loss and even hearing loss, often accompanied by tinnitus. Modern medicine cannot be cured for the time being. There are several possible reasons for nervous deafness:
1. Neurodeafness caused by drug poisoning caused by continuous use of antibiotics after illness in children.
2. Sudden deafness caused by virus infection or vascular embolism in the inner ear.
3. Infectious deafness caused by meningitis, measles, typhoid fever and other infectious diseases.
4. Explosive deafness caused by trauma or explosion and noise.
Chinese medicine believes that the ear is the key to the kidney, which is infused by the twelve meridians and communicates with the brain. Its etiology and pathogenesis can be wind-heat invasion, liver-fire imbalance, phlegm-fire stagnation, kidney essence loss, spleen and stomach weakness and so on.
The main clinical manifestations are hearing loss, decline or even disappearance. Children often feel cicadas or other noises in their ears, especially in a quiet environment. May be accompanied by fever, headache, irritability, abdominal distension, backache and fatigue.
Three Harms of Nervous Deafness
Nervous deafness is very harmful to people's normal life, mainly in the following three aspects:
1. Hearing impairment
Under normal circumstances, the human ear can hear hundreds of thousands of kinds. If the hearing is impaired, the range of the sound that can be heard will become smaller and smaller, and people who can't hear the external sound will become dull and dull. At this time, it is necessary to treat neurological deafness in time.
2. Communication barriers
Because deafness brings great inconvenience to people's normal communication, patients can only feel with their eyes when communicating with others, which is a great obstacle to communication, and they can't hear what the other party says and can't have a normal conversation.
3. Psychological barriers
The obstacles caused by listening and communication will seriously affect the psychology, make patients have pessimistic, stubborn and introverted psychological obstacles, and their temper will become impatient, which will not only affect their mental health, but also bring disharmony to their families.
Fourth, the treatment of nervous deafness.
1. Drug therapy: There are no simple and effective drugs and treatments for sensorineural deafness, because there are many pathogenic reasons and different mechanisms and pathological changes. At present, while excluding or treating etiological diseases, vasodilators, drugs for reducing blood viscosity, vitamin B group, energy agents and steroid hormones in a certain period should be selected when necessary. Such as papaverine, heparin, 654-2, dihydroergotoxine, dibazole, ligustrazine, pueraria flavone, etc. Vitamin B 1, B6, B 12, adenosine triphosphate, coenzyme a, cytochrome c, low molecular dextran, sodium bicarbonate, hyperbaric oxygen, etc. , and can provide hearing AIDS for those who fail to respond to drug treatment.
2. Hearing aid: It is a sound amplification device to help deaf people listen to sound. It is mainly composed of miniature sound transmitter, power amplifier and earphone, ear mold, power supply, etc. There are many kinds of hearing AIDS, such as air conduction and bone conduction for individual users, box-type and ear-level hearing AIDS (including glasses, behind-the-ear and in-the-ear), and mono-ear and binaural hearing AIDS, which can only be selected correctly after detailed examination by an otologist or audiologist. Generally speaking, the average hearing loss of voice frequency is 35-85 decibels. If the loss of both ears is roughly the same, you can use binaural hearing AIDS or wear monaural hearing AIDS alternately. If the degree of hearing loss in both ears is quite different, but not more than 50dB, it should be used for the ears with poor hearing; If the hearing loss in one ear exceeds 50dB, a hearing aid should be worn for the ear with good hearing. In addition, the characteristics of hearing impairment should be considered. For example, hearing AIDS should be used for ears with high language recognition rate, flat hearing curve, large bone conduction air gap or wide dynamic hearing range. Acoustic deafness can be treated with air and bone conduction hearing AIDS at the same time, and patients with external auditory canal stenosis or inflammation can only use bone conduction hearing AIDS. People with sensorineural deafness often use air conduction type. Hearing AIDS with automatic gain control or automatic regeneration control devices are necessary for those who suffer from regeneration.
3. Cochlear implant: also known as cochlear implant or cochlear implant. Suitable for middle-aged and young people with bilateral extreme deafness. The effect of using high-power hearing AIDS is not good, and there is no active lesion in the ear. X-ray tomography or CT examination proved that the inner ear structure was normal and the cochlear electrogram was unresponsive. Electrical stimulation of headland or round window can induce brainstem response.
4. Auditory language training: It is still a measure to make full use of residual hearing and other sensory organs to train speaking or speaking ability. The two complement each other and cannot be neglected. Training should start from preschool. We should use various methods (audio toys, musical instruments) to awaken children's hearing as soon as possible. Develop the ability to roughly distinguish sounds. Use hair dryers, musical instruments and other methods to increase vital capacity, prolong breathing and make the tongue move flexibly. Then, with a high and clear voice, patiently teach deaf children to pronounce and speak word by word for a long time, correct their mouth shape with the help of a mirror, touch their parents' or teachers' cheeks, throat and abdomen, and understand the relationship between sound intensity and height.