Young and middle-aged people are more likely to get this disease. About 40% patients have no symptoms, which can only be found during physical examination and chest X-ray examination. Most patients with symptoms have a slow onset and mild symptoms, showing nonspecific symptoms, such as fatigue, low fever, loss of appetite, muscle joint pain and so on. Respiratory symptoms are mainly mild cough and chest tightness, and some patients have chest pain, blood in sputum or hemoptysis. A few patients with acute onset may have fever, erythema nodosum and joint pain. PPO test is mostly negative, serum angiotensin converting enzyme is mostly increased, and may be accompanied by blood and urine calcium increase. Chest X-ray and CT can show lymph node enlargement, lung parenchyma changes and even pleural lesions in the chest and hilum. The final diagnosis of sarcoidosis mainly depends on lymph node biopsy and bronchoscopy. The positive rate of cervical scalene muscle, axillary, inguinal and trochlear lymph nodes can reach 65%~8 1%. At present, lung biopsy through fiberoptic bronchoscope is a simple and safe method to diagnose sarcoidosis, and the positive rate can reach 80%~90%, even for patients with no abnormal chest radiograph, the positive rate can reach 50%~60%.
Currently, there is no cure for sarcoidosis. Adrenal glucocorticoid can be used for patients with obvious systemic and local symptoms, which can inhibit the development of granulomatous inflammation, eliminate lung lesions and reduce the formation of pulmonary fibrosis. In addition, it can effectively relieve eye inflammation and correct hypercalcemia. However, it is easy to rebound after stopping the drug, and it can only be improved after long-term application, and it can also be combined with adverse reactions of hormones, so it should be gradually reduced after taking effect.