In Four Generations under One roof, Lao She almost mentioned the major events in the eight-year anti-Japanese war in the form of a chronicle. He has written about the July 7th Incident, the fall of Beijing, the fall of Baoding, the retreat of the Battle of Songhu, the fall of Nanjing, the triumph of Taierzhuang, the retreat of Wuhan, the fall of Guangzhou, Wang Jingwei's treason, the Pearl Harbor incident and the outbreak of the Pacific War, the dropping of atomic bombs by the United States in Japan and Japan's surrender. Although only as a big historical background, they are closely related to the people of Peiping in autumn and have aroused great repercussions in their hearts. At that time, War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression was under the leadership of the Kuomintang government of the Republic of China, and almost all of the above time was related to the Kuomintang's positive anti-Japanese battlefield. Therefore, Four Generations under One roof cannot but mention Chiang Kai-shek and Chongqing many times.
In Lao She's pen, in the mind of the old Peiping people he described, Chiang Kai-shek was the leader of the Anti-Japanese War, and Chongqing was the center of the Anti-Japanese War. The actions of the government and the development of the war situation have always been the concern of the people of Peiping under the trampling of the enemy's horseshoes:
The work was written as "Eight. /kloc-The impact of the Battle of Songhu, which started on 0/3, was: "The sound of guns in Shanghai lifted the dark clouds on the people of Beiping!" When Ruiquan told her mother the news, the ordinary woman also said excitedly, "Good! Is the Grand Marshal a Grand Marshal? "Nine.
Under the rule of the Japanese invaders, Ruixuan would rather take risks and walk more than ten miles at night to listen to Nanjing Radio at a friend's house. "Nanjing's voice warmed his heart. No matter whether the news is good or bad, as long as it is broadcast by CCTV, he believes that the country is not dead, and he has not forgotten his own people-the voice of the country is in his ear! "Nanjing's voice is enough to make him excited or depressed, laugh wildly or cry. 10
The fall of Nanjing made Ruixuan feel extremely painful and even disappointed. But soon, "he heard Chiang Kai-shek's declaration to continue the war of resistance. This declaration surprised the most combative Japanese, chilled the traitors and made Ruixuan stand up again. " "He thought that the Central Committee would send people to comfort the people and punish the traitors!" "He only feels that continuing the war of resistance is China's only hope." He is determined to persist in the struggle, "until Beiping City sees the national flag again!" 1 1
The following spring, Taierzhuang won a great victory and strengthened Ruixuan's belief in the war of resistance. "Taierzhuang's victory turned his firmness into faith." It is even more unshakable. Therefore, although "the government has moved to Wuhan. However, he feels that his heart is closer to the government. " 12
Then, on the first anniversary of the Anti-Japanese War, Rui Xuan said, "He heard the chairman's broadcast to the military and civilians all over the country." He no longer feels lonely; His heart is beating at the same pace as his 40 million compatriots. " 13
Soon, Guangzhou fell and our army retreated from Wuhan. However, "Ruixuan's retreat from Wuhan is not as sad as when Nanjing fell." He pinned his hopes on Chongqing. "Today, Chongqing is very close to him and has a very close relationship." 14
Wang Jingwei defected to the enemy, which made Ruixuan confused again. "He couldn't figure out why a revolutionary leader would suddenly become a traitor. If the revolution is false, then he can no longer trust the revolution and treat all people with status and prestige as magicians. " "It was not until the central government issued the order of the wanted Wang Inverse that he spat out a sigh. ..... This command taught him to look at black again, and white is white; Those who fought stood on one side and those who surrendered stood on the other. China's anti-Japanese war is definitely not fake, because the central authorities did not do magic. ” 15
Rui Xuan cares about and analyzes the international and domestic situation, European war news, Soviet-German declaration, Soviet-Japanese agreement and so on in his own way. Judging from the news in the enemy newspaper, he said, "We won the battle of Changsha!" And yearn for "when can Beiping people help the national army and recover their own city?" 16
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The above are the influences of some major anti-Japanese war events mentioned in the first two parts of Four Generations under One Family, Confusion and Ignoring Life, which are closely related to the anti-Japanese war led by the Kuomintang government at that time. It can be said that "Four Generations under One Family" was launched under the background of these major events. Without these, there would be no "four generations under one roof".
Famine, the third part of Four Generations of a Family, was written during Lao She's visit to the United States after the victory of the Anti-Japanese War. At this time, Lao She knew something about the dictatorship of Chiang Kai-shek Kuomintang, and there were not many words of positive praise. However, he still had to admit that Chiang Kai-shek and the Kuomintang, as the ruling parties, led the Anti-Japanese War on behalf of China and made a truthful performance.
Famine not only continues to show the physical and mental pain and suffering of the people in Peiping under the iron hoof, but also shows the resistance and struggle of the people in Peiping who rose up in suffering. This kind of struggle is spontaneous, represented by the poet Qian and the monk. And consciously, represented by Ruiquan, who was sent back to Beiping by the authorities. Ruiquan, the third son of the Qi family, resolutely walked out of the dead city to participate in the Anti-Japanese War after the fall of Beiping. He went deep into the people in the rear area, did a lot of work and was honed. But it wasn't long before he was forced to return to the city 17 because "those in power had to trust the people and doubt the free thought of the educated youth". Later, he was sent to Peiping to organize the protests of Peiping people, and after the Pearl Harbor incident, he was "responsible for spying on the military situation and news in North China" 18. He mobilized and organized Qian, monks, Rui Xuan and those who broke into the enemy's high-level and sheepfold, and actually became their leaders. These also echo Rui Xuan's description that "the Central Committee will send people".
Famine accelerated the narrative rhythm (the first two films were written two years before the Anti-Japanese War, and it was written six years after the Anti-Japanese War), and unlike the first two films, it did not give a positive narrative and praise to "General Chiang Kai-shek" and the "Central Committee", but it also wrote a series of major events that affected Peiping people, such as the beginning of the European War, the Pearl Harbor incident, the bombing of Japan by the US Air Force, the surrender of Italy, the unconditional surrender of Germany, and the dropping of atomic bombs by the United States in Japan.
"In Chongqing, Chengdu, Kunming, Xi 'an and many other cities, people make people cry with joy; Beiping can be deserted. Japanese soldiers in Peiping have not been disarmed, and Japanese gendarmes are still patrolling the streets.
"The sorrow and pain of a conquered country cannot be erased like dust on the table. Happily, however, the Japanese lowered the plaster flag and replaced it with the national flag of China. Although there was no military parade, no salute and no cheers, the national flag gave comfort to the people. " 19