France's global tourism is highlighted in the integration and development of urban tourism and rural tourism. In the mid-1970s, the countryside became a popular tourist attraction in France. In addition to farming, farmers can also receive tourists, communicate with people and increase their income. This rural tourism model has gradually become popular in developed countries and regions in the world. Rural tourism in France embodies the characteristics of global tourism. First, infrastructure construction covers the whole country. The French government attaches great importance to rural infrastructure construction and is committed to infrastructure projects such as convenient transportation and perfect facilities. Important villages can be reached by express train, with complete parking facilities, perfect identification system and complete public service facilities such as supermarkets, hospitals and libraries. The second is the authenticity and uniqueness of tourism products. France emphasizes the protection of good ecological environment and rural landscape, which is not only an important feature that distinguishes the countryside from the city, but also the basis of its own development. Pay attention to the protection and inheritance of rural regional culture, including local folk customs, architectural features, production and living habits, neighborhood social interaction, etc. The third is government support and financial input. Rural tourism in France has been developing with the support of the government. In recent years, with the establishment of non-governmental organizations such as rural tourism industry associations, industry self-discipline has gradually played a role. The management function of the government is weakened, while the supervision function is strengthened, and local governments continue to perform their duties of supervision and inspection. In order to make rural housing meet the standard of "family reception service micro-enterprise", the French government provides financial support to promote maintenance and repair. Farmers can join the French Farmers Association's "Welcome to the Farm" (Bienvenue
La Ferme) network, or join the "Accueil paysan" and other non-governmental organizations. The government stipulates that as long as the owners abide by the agreement of stakeholders, the family hotel will reach the standard of three meters (equivalent to three-star hotel industry) after completion, and will be open to the public for half a year every year 10, and will receive government subsidies for the repair of family hotels, accounting for about 20%-20% of the total investment. The French government has also set up a standing conference on rural tourism to promote the development of rural tourism. In 2003, an inter-ministerial group was set up to plan bicycle lanes and green roads nationwide.
Spain's global tourism has gradually developed in view of the structural problems of the "sunny beach" model. Spain has implemented the "sunny beach" model for a long time, involving Spain's Mediterranean coast, Balearic Islands and Canary Islands. However, after 20 10, the structural problems in this point-like development, which mainly focuses on coasts, hotels and scenic spots, began to emerge. Specifically, although the contribution of "Sunshine Beach" tourism model to GDP, employment and tax revenue has increased, this growth consumes a lot of opportunity costs, environment and land resources, especially the excessive expansion of tourist hotels and real estate beyond the ecological carrying capacity of natural resources, which obviously destroys the natural environment, leading to serious price competition and the proliferation of low-cost airlines. Practice shows that the traditional "sunny beach" development has lost its competitiveness, the number of tourists has increased, but the tourism income has decreased, and its stay time, occupancy level, number of overnight stays, average income and average cost of each tourist have all decreased. At the same time, the survey shows that with the decline of income, the hotel service level in these areas will also decline. This decline in profitability not only affects the tourism industry, but also affects the overall economy of Spanish tourist destinations. In view of this situation, Spain has vigorously promoted the transformation of tourism from point development to urban and regional comprehensive environment, and implemented the Spanish coastal plan, which is located in Palma Bay, Santiago, Tirana. Los Angeles Bacelo Horse? Puerto Cruz and the Sun Coast, as well as the Magarov area of Mallorca, have all undergone comprehensive transformation. Specifically, it includes formulating and implementing new strategies and launching a complete series of products to attract tourists with higher demand and consumption power, extend their stay time, avoid the tourist season, improve the utilization rate of existing assets, and reduce the consumption of land, energy and natural resources; Strengthen residential buildings, various tourist facilities and public facilities; Promote the coordination between financing, tourism policy and regional planning, urban planning and environment.
At home, many places have begun to actively practice. We investigated in Aba Prefecture, Sichuan Province in July, 20 15, and learned that the country seized the opportunity of post-disaster reconstruction and began to explore the construction of "global scenic spots", and proposed to build Jiuzhai Huanglong World Natural Heritage Boutique Tourist Area and Siguniang Mountain. Six major tourist industrial zones, namely Wolong Giant Panda Home Outdoor Paradise Tourist Zone, Yingxiu Earthquake Tourist Zone in Wenchuan, China, Qiang Folk Custom Tourist Zone, Jiarong Tibetan Folk Custom Tourist Zone and Glacier Grassland National Park Tourist Zone, have built a new overall layout of global tourism that highlights regional and landscape features, covers the whole state and is conducive to the combination of products and routes. Accelerate the construction of tourism service system, improve the service network of tourism information, tourism consultation service center, tourism rest station, improve the standard and humanized service level, and comprehensively improve the service reception capacity of tourism enterprises, scenic spots and key tourist towns. There are many charming towns and boutique tourist villages, which effectively connect all kinds of high-grade and multi-type scenic spots. With "expanding scenery and improving quality" as the core, a new pattern of orderly development of Quanzhou tourism is taking shape.
Suzhou puts forward the concept of "city is tourism and tourism is life", emphasizes "big space", regards the whole city as the largest scenic spot and the most beautiful tourist destination, and enriches the impression and memory of Suzhou in the eyes of tourists. Emphasize "big industry", do a good job of "tourism+",jump out of tourism and grasp tourism, promote the combination of tourism and "synchronization of five modernizations", accelerate the deep integration of tourism with industry, agriculture, culture and education, and realize the overall transformation of Suzhou tourism from quantitative growth to qualitative improvement and effective expansion. Emphasize the "big market", further highlight the demand orientation of tourists, repackage and dig deep into traditional products, and redevelop and develop emerging products to meet the multi-level and diversified tourism consumption needs, so that tourists can get their own places. Emphasize "big service" and take a multi-pronged approach in transportation, accommodation and urban management. Really treat tourists as citizens and make them feel at home and linger.
Starting from the overall situation of promoting economic transformation and upgrading and coordinating urban and rural development, Zhejiang Province plans to build a number of characteristic towns to promote industrial agglomeration, industrial innovation and industrial upgrading with new ideas, new mechanisms and new carriers. According to the requirements, in principle, each characteristic town should complete the investment in fixed assets of about 5 billion yuan within three years (excluding residential and commercial complex projects), and the investment in characteristic towns such as finance, technological innovation, tourism and historical classic industries can be appropriately relaxed. All characteristic towns are required to be built into scenic spots above 3A level, and the characteristic towns of tourism industry are built according to the standard of 5A level scenic spots.
The construction of "two rivers and four lakes" in Guilin is one of the earliest explorations of global tourism development. The "Two Rivers and Four Lakes" project is a comprehensive project integrating urban water system sorting, flood control and drainage, environmental improvement, urban construction, cultural construction and tourism infrastructure construction. Expanding urban landscape culture to global tourism has achieved an innovative breakthrough in urban tourism. It not only completes urban flood control and drainage, but also transforms the old city, optimizes the urban landscape, activates urban tourism, enhances the commercial and land values along the "two rivers and four lakes" and realizes multi-functions. Guilin is one of the first cities in China to cancel park tickets. Free public transport reform has also been carried out in the central area of the city, which has broken the institutional barriers of urban-rural traffic division and tourism division, promoted the integration of urban-rural tourism, and further accelerated the process of urban-rural comprehensive integration. Yangshuo County, Guilin is also a global tourism model, coordinating urban and rural tourism resources and social resources, realizing the transformation from a tourist transit station to a tourist destination, and becoming the "best tourist destination for leisure and vacation" recommended by the United Nations World Tourism Organization.
Qionghai city, Hainan Province put forward the strategy of "Garden City, Happy Qionghai" and built the city into a 5A-level scenic spot. Personalized planning and design will be carried out according to the humanistic characteristics, industrial characteristics and natural endowment of each town, and 12 town will be gradually built into "one town with one feature, one town with one style and one town with one industry". Qionghai relies on the construction of national agricultural parks and small towns with amorous feelings, and takes tourism as the leading factor to develop the tertiary industry, so as to promote the adjustment and upgrading of the industrial structure of the first, second and third industries. Scenic spots, parks, villages, folk customs and ecological landscapes are connected in series through supporting facilities such as pastoral trails, landscape passages and slow lanes, making the whole city an idyllic scenic spot. This scenic spot has no boundaries, no walls, no tickets, the host and the guest enjoy themselves, living and traveling are suitable, and agriculture and tourism are integrated and developed. Rural tourism construction does not cut down trees, demolish houses or occupy fields. It plays a euphemistic pastoral serenade, depicts a beautiful landscape painting, constantly attracts more tourists into the homes of ordinary people, becomes an effective carrier for rural transformation and development and farmers to get rid of poverty and become rich, realizes on-site urbanization and modernization, and achieves the realm of "the city is in the garden, the village is in the landscape, and people are in the painting", so that citizens can feel the rural pastoral atmosphere and farmers can enjoy the quality of urban life.
In August last year, when we were investigating in Huangshan City, Anhui Province, we learned that Huizhou District of the city regards tourism as a strategic pillar industry, takes the development of tourism as the focus of the strategy of enriching the people, and promotes the transformation and upgrading of rural tourism through the development of global tourism. Relying on the good ecological environment and profound cultural heritage, adhering to the integrated development of tourism culture and promoting the transformation and upgrading of tourism, a number of tourism products and formats such as folk experience tour, ancient road hiking tour, photography tour, study tour and fitness tour are emerging in the whole region. New rural tourism products and formats based on rural tourism, featuring cultural experience and focusing on leisure and vacation have gradually taken shape and achieved good comprehensive benefits.
Luanchuan county, Henan province put forward the development idea of "panoramic Luanchuan", and put forward that the whole region should create a tourism environment, integrate tourism elements in the whole field, strengthen tourism guidance in the whole industry, and the whole society should participate in tourism development and share tourism achievements with the whole people. Through the guidance of tourism development, we will strive to build a beautiful and happy Luanchuan suitable for tourism, life and work. The county has planned the main carriers of tourism construction in the whole region: tourist service distribution center, ecological landscape corridor, boutique resort, characteristic manor (farm), amorous towns, new tourism formats, in-depth tour routes and so on. The development effect is also obvious.
At present, global tourism is very hot, and the country vigorously promotes it. The focus of tourism is on global tourism, which is also the most recognized development trend at present.
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