A complete collection of engineering fast memory formulas
Include:
1, cost memory jingle
2. Description of construction area
3. Calculation formula of network planning parameters
4, the contract interpretation order
5, affect the unit price
6. Four reasons for investment deviation
7. Dry goods cost formula
8, electrical drawing formula
9.CAD formula
10, formulas for reading drawings by steel core method and flat plate method
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Cost memory jingle
1. The price is paid in sequence. If the price is adjusted, the claim is guaranteed, and then the advance payment and Party A's supply are deducted. Party A's claim for supply is not adjusted, and the remuneration is not guaranteed.
2. The deviation calculation crosses, the completed positions are the same, and the total planned quantity is equal, which is hard to forget; The progress of investment price changes, cost overruns and delays is positive.
3. Principle of project price change: If there are existing applications, only similar ones can be referenced. If there are neither, Party A will approve Party B's report.
4. The claim procedure lasts for 28 days, the letter of intent for the incident occurs, and the materials are prepared to write a report. If you don't reply, it will be regarded as the default, continue to report in stages, and finally report at the end of the activity.
5. Force majeure is the responsibility of both parties, and the cost will not compensate the construction period, so the price of cooperation with the team will be increased. All expenses are calculated in full. Attention should be paid to claims for deceleration. Personnel multiplied by the number of days of slowdown, machinery must be idle, and management profits are not counted. Tax payment guarantee should be calculated.
6. There is a lot of evidence for the claim, including the tender contract and its attachments, drawings and specifications, visa change letter, meeting minutes signed by both parties, water, electricity and climate depending on the date, records prepared in the same period, journal photos and invoices, and cost documents to be remembered.
7. After receiving the change 14 days, Party A will reply with 14. If negotiation fails, a dispute will arise.
8. There are four conditions for the claim to be established, namely, the actual calculation of labor cost loss and the non-contracting of risk reasons, timely notification and reporting.
9. How to draw the time scale network? Mark nodes first and then draw lines, and automatically form a wavy line. No wave is the key line. Calculate the total time difference of the process, the total time difference after adding the original, the left extension, the right advance, and the actual progress front.
10. There are two kinds of project unit prices, and the list unit price is 206; If the tax rate is given, it is the comprehensive price of the list, sub-items and measures. Pay attention to the profit included, and don't forget to add tax to the payment. If you give the overhead fee, you must calculate the order according to 06, directly invest in the talent machine, and then count the direct cost of the measures. The indirect profit is subject to the topic, and it is best to form a comprehensive price.
Ten words, remember the building area specifications.
A, area calculation summary
There is a room in the heart, and the calculation does not forget;
The key points to distinguish between flat top and slope top;
There is a roof and enclosure, and the area is the reference room;
There is a roof without enclosure, and the top cover is halved.
Second, the specific analysis
1. Flat-roofed single-story house with sloping roof
Single-story building: the corner of the external wall, the horizontal plane outside the structure;
Flat-roofed house: 2㎡ and above as a whole, with the following fold;
Roof room: clearance 1 m2, down 2m 1, not counting below, counting above.
2. Windows and doors, three corridors (pick corridor, eaves corridor and cloister) and overhead cloister (implied by cover plate) are enclosed, and the horizontal area is calculated according to enclosure.
There is a cover without enclosure, and the horizontal plane of the structural layer is folded in half.
3. There is a cover without enclosure, two sheds and three platforms, and the horizontal projection surface of the top cover is folded.
The same algorithm also includes the stadium stands, excluding the top floor of the outdoor stairs.
4. The balcony is very special, not talking about the top cover, bottom plate and enclosure, but only about the horizontal projection plane folding.
5. Corridor, hall cloister and stage control room are calculated according to floor and room area.
Similarly, there are sloping houses with enclosure structure, the calculation base is calculated by floor and the area is calculated by house.
6. There is a enclosure on the roof, with two rooms and one computer room, and the area is calculated according to the room.
7. There are stairs, five wells and garbage chimneys in the building, in addition to three structures, the area is calculated according to the number of floors.
8. Diaojiaolou and deep foundation, the design and utilization is the condition, the enclosed passport room is counted, and the non-enclosed one is counted as half. Similar to multi-storey slopes and stands, it is not space if it is not used.
9. Don't miss the entrances and exits with roofs in the basement and the external lines on the external walls, excluding the horizontal plane surrounded by the shaft wall.
10. For single-story buildings, the enclosure should be pressed, and the enclosure at the bottom should not be pressed.
Calculation formula of network planning parameters
Open early, finish early, count, open late, and finish.
There is a difference between total deviation and self-deviation only in the workshop statistics.
Start early, take the value early, end at zero late, and take the construction period.
There is a big time difference between finishing late and finishing early.
Finishing early is work, and starting late is work.
The algorithm of terminal self-difference and total difference is only the same as self-difference
Start processing with early value and finish work with late value.
The key work of zero total difference and zero self-difference has characteristics.
The latter starts early and stares at the former, while the former stays late and stares at the latter.
Otherwise, after paying close attention to their own differences, the total difference is zero or minimum.
The first came early, the last came late, and the last came late.
The key work has a beginning and an end, first tight and then early.
From the last node to the starting node in turn.
Reduce the work and finish the key line early.
The finish line ends ahead of schedule, that is, the construction period is recalculated, and the total difference and deviation are calculated.
If the difference is small, the parameters will be completely calculated.
Order of contract interpretation
1, there are bricks in the shoes, and the bullets are in place.
In-progress shoes (agreement) (bid winning notice) (tender) bricks (special terms),
Same as (specifications/standards) (construction drawings) (bill of quantities/quotation) (general terms and conditions)
Throwing bricks into shoes means being smart.
Actually, it's easy to remember ~
Shoes (agreement) (letter of acceptance) (tender) (special terms and conditions) (general terms and conditions),
Quasi (specification \ standard) refers to (construction drawings) data (bill of quantities) report (project quotation).
Unit price of machine shift
1, Chang 'an nature, tax evader
Long (regular repair fee) long (installation fee and transportation fee in different places) large (large repair fee) natural (fuel and power fee) depreciation fee (road maintenance fee) tax (vehicle and vessel use tax) people (labor fee)
2. Chang 'an Zhejiang University tax evaders spontaneously combust.
Long (regular repair fee)+An (according to demolition and transportation fee in different places)+Zhejiang (depreciation fee)+major (overhaul fee)+leakage (road maintenance fee)+tax (vehicle and vessel use tax)+person (labor fee)+self (fuel and power fee) = unit price of machine-team.
3, mechanical affecting unit price seven expenses
Yang Zhe, my Lord.
An: Dismantling and off-site transportation costs.
Fuel: fuel power fee
C: regular repair fee.
Maintenance fee and travel tax.
Discount: depreciation expense
Big: big repair cost
M: The labor cost on board.
Four reasons for investment deviation
1. objective reasons: talents are naturally based on social laws, and there are other objective reasons.
2. Owner's reasons: there are few procedures for organizing funds, and the coordination of payment delay is poor.
3. Design reasons: design defects were marked, drawings were delayed, and structures were changed.
4. Construction reasons: unreasonable construction organization and slow progress of quality accidents.
Dry goods cost formula
1. Composition of labor cost: bonus and special plan (reward for iron secretary)
2. Material cost composition: original procurement and transportation (good luck)
3. Usage fee of construction machines and tools: MC (MC)
4. Construction machinery use fee: discount tax for burning people (Zhejiang University often sleeps).
5. Enterprise management fee: insurance tax is used for the three workers (salary of managers/labor union funds/employee education funds), and the financial inspection labor department (insurance tax is used for the three workers).
6. Cost Composition: Pollution Insurance Company (Five Guarantees Company)
7. Tax: industry, market, land (also the Jade Emperor)
8. Project cost of measures: The super-big feet were measured all night in the second winter (it took all night to measure the super-big feet in the second winter).
Identification formula of electrical drawings
Knowing the electrical diagram, there are methods, learning essentials and shortcuts.
Look at the wiring principle in detail and remember thousands of data.
Title bar, parts list, reading instructions, drawing number,
First from the whole to the local, and then from the power supply to the load.
Look carefully at the main circuit and don't forget the auxiliary circuit.
There is an order from top to bottom, and there is no omission from left to right.
Energy path, information flow, various charts, to understand,
Analyze the signal line from power supply to load and secondary circuit.
Keywords bill of materials, construction manual, general requirements, catalog number,
Look at the detailed description of the drawings, and the key points will be clear.
Look at the principle, divided into main and auxiliary, AC, DC, subdivision
Look at each circuit of the power supply first to ensure clear measurement and control.
Installation diagram, according to the main auxiliary, through the line, to the load,
Don't forget that the power supply is section by section, and the components are connected in sequence.
Development diagram, reading, according to principle, in the loop,
Function keys of electrical components are drawn between lines respectively.
Plans, profiles, civil engineering, pipelines,
The electrical equipment has a location. Look at the size and projection carefully.
Keywords connection line, transmission information, display logic, connection function,
Although the multi-line representation is troublesome, it is intuitive, detailed and easy to distinguish.
The single-line method is also simple, with three phases and symmetry.
Single drawing mutual inductance relay, multi-line text detailed record.
Apply light and shade, thick and thin lines, add text, draw diagonal lines,
Mark the type of wire and mark the middle of the wide and thick parts.
Keywords cross, t-shape, conductor crossing, connection or not,
Just look at the dot in the middle, and it will be clear and easy to distinguish.
Keywords insulated wire, to be marked, dependent end, independent wire,
Combination mark function key, phase protection between polarities.
Keywords component, drawing number, simple shape, element number,
Focus on simple graphs, representing extended graphs respectively.
Keywords working state, normal drawing, contact point, direction,
It is a rule to open the left and close the right. Remember to open the bottom and close the top.
Set value, data number, in the attachment, marked,
Note marks should be clear and terminal graphics should be small.
Cost engineer or available CAD formula
1. The shortcut to create a straight line is L+ space.
2. the shortcut to create a circle is C+ space.
3. The shortcut to create an arc is+space.
4. The shortcut to create a rectangle is REC+ space.
5. The shortcut to create a point is PO+ space.
6. The command to create a single line of text is DT.
7. The command to create multiline text is mt.
8. the command to create a fill is H.
9. Extend the drawn line segment to the line segment EX+ space.
10. Draw a rectangular F+ space in a circle.
1 1. Trim redundant lines TR+ spaces during drawing.
12. Modify text editing+spaces
13. The move command is M+ space.
14. The shortcut key of the rotation command is RO+ space.
The shortcut key of 15.offset command is O+ space.
16. The shortcut key of the mirror command is MI+ space.
17. The shortcut of the copy command is CO+ space.
18.Z+ space is usually used when observing the details of the plan locally.
19. You can see the real-time zoom magnifying glass Z+ space+space in the workspace.
20. The shortcut to pan the view is P+ space.
2 1. Translate the view P+ space by translating the view.
22. Return to the previous view Z+ space +P+ space.
23. Global display of the floor plan Z+ space +A+ space you drew.
24. The shortcut key Ctrl+P means printing files.
25. the shortcut key ctrl+c stands for copy.
26. the shortcut key ctrl+v stands for paste.
27. the shortcut key Ctrl+X stands for cutting.
28. the shortcut to create a new file is ctrl+n.
29. When seeking help in CAD, you can directly click F 1.
30. The orthogonal shortcut is F8.
3 1. The shortcut to open and close the object capture tool is F3.
32. The shortcut to underline is DLI+ space.
33. Adjusting text style can be achieved by ST+ space shortcut key.
34. The shortcut to regeneration is R+ E+ space.
35. Setting the capture mode can realize OS+ spaces through shortcuts.
36. Enter key can repeat the last operation.
37. The shortcut key for refreshing is RE+ space.
38. In AutoCAD system, you can use ESC to cancel the executing command.
39. The shortcut key for setting capture mode is OS.
40. The shortcut to the rotation command is RO.
4 1. The shortcut to calculate the area is AA.
42. The shortcut key for translation is P+ space.
43. The most commonly used label shortcut is DLI.
44. The shortcut to a straight line is a straight line.
45. Create a round shortcut key c.
46. The shortcut to the offset command is O ..
47. You can modify the text editing.
Necessary cost: the formula of drawing recognition by steel bar core method and flat plate method
First, the general tactics of reinforcement engineering methods
How deep is the anchorage insertion of steel bar? Focus on finding the location of the insertion point.
There are three kinds of anchors for straight bending machine-straight anchor, bending anchor and mechanical anchor.
Welding short rib of oblique hook steel plate-10 1 atlas 35 pages, with 3 small drawings and explanations.
According to the specific number, look up the table on page 33~34-10 1 atlas.
Multiply by what kind of steel bar diameter-the left column of the above table, the type and diameter of steel bar, and press 1, 2 rows of concrete strength grade.
The straight anchor is not enough to bend the anchor crank-the length of the bent anchor crank is 15D.
0.4 times is true-the variable anchorage value extending into the horizontal section of the bearing is 0.4d. ..
0.7 Anchoring-No matter whether it is earthquake-resistant or non-earthquake-resistant, the length is anchored at 0.7d. ..
The straight anchor of non-frame beam is short-twelve times d is deep enough.
The structure of the lumbar tendon is fifteen times that of the main tendon.
Second, the stirrup method always tactic
The hook of stirrup must be ten times as long as the straight pipe section, and seventy-five is not shorter than it. Calculated material length plus 3D.
There are three kinds of shear encryption-double beam high vibration level 1, level 2, level 3 and level 4 1.5D, and non-frame non-earthquake encryption is not allowed.
Overlapping edge of compound inner hoop-it is very troublesome to calculate the inner ruler, so don't forget to subtract the protective layer. According to the detailed analysis of the outer hoop, two radii of angle steel are removed first, and then one is subtracted from the longitudinal root. Multiply a few squares by a few, so don't worry. Add two radii to the back, and add a pattern difference of three millimeters.
Thirdly, the overall strategy of bearing reinforcement method
The negative bending moment of iron on the bearing-the bending moment of the anti-beam is the opposite. To anchor the end, there is a difference between extending into the clear span and paying attention to the middle span of the end span. One row spans a third, two rows span a quarter, and the non-frame side spans a fifth. All mid-spans are the same, and the two sides of the mid-span are big and the span is small, so they can't be connected.
Four, the total hanging reinforcement method
The intersections of primary and secondary beams are divided into grids with hanging bars-horizontal extension is 20 times d, each side of secondary beam is 5, horizontal extension is 10 cm, and the height of diagonal beam is 800 mm, less than 845, 45 degrees multiplied by 1.4 14, and 60 degrees multiplied by1./kloc-.
Five, the waist tendon lacing method total tactic
Reinforcement and lacing are inseparable-lacing must be hooked with stirrups, and the beam is 45 meters high. There are waist tendons on both sides of the beam, and the spacing between waist tendons is 200. The function of the waist tendon is divided into letters, starting from the structure of the waist tendon G, adding N before the anti-torsion waist tendon, constructing the waist anchor 15 days, the anti-torsion waist anchor is the same as the main reinforcement, the lacing hook is the same as the hoop, the inner ruler is added with two stirrups, and the spacing is doubled with plum blossom points. Be careful when tying the cross.
VI. Summary of the Formula of Drawing by Flat Method
1, general formula for plan view
03G series * * * seven, the original four unpublished,
There are five books in the 90 1 series, a total of twelve books.
Unfortunately, it was completely abolished this year and replaced by11g.
Specification update atlas changes, construction personnel should follow.
The new version of the atlas has a reminder, and the atlas construction depends on the version.
The atlas of Pingfa is much more mysterious. Listen to us carefully.
On the whole, there are rules, which was initiated by Professor Qing Lai.
There are three kinds of truncated lists, and all kinds of labeling methods should be distinguished.
In-situ centralized separation, centralized marking refers to penetration,
Concentrate on the original position, one row and two rows are in proportion.
English prefix hanyu pinyin, you can know its original meaning at a glance.
Based on structural theory, some things don't need to be memorized.
Knowing the following eight words is a good supervisor.
Symbols and anchors, connections and encryption.
The symbol must be clear, "b" is the bottom, "t" is the top,
"&is and, which means" and "in Chinese.
There are basically two kinds of anchorage, "La" and "Laicheng".
Pay special attention to the non-frame beam (L), and the bottom reinforcement anchorage is 12D.
There are three connection methods, binding, mechanical and welding.
Encryption should also be firmly remembered, look up the table and calculate the atlas.
Let's start with three books, 1 1G, which has changed a lot.
As long as you know 03G, you can change your mind.
First of all, the steel changed, and 235 MPa was abandoned.
Secondly, the protective layer is enlarged, which now refers to the stirrup to the outer skin.
Third, the bridge adopts steel row technology, and the atlas 1 1G is called reinforcement.
The fourth anchorage has a new term, renamed as the basic anchorage length.
A new method is added to the corner columns of five top beams.
A few parts of the column hoop encryption, 1/3 encryption is set in the embedded position.
2. Frame structure formula of plane drawing.
The frame structure has a mystery. Listen to me slowly and carefully.
Earthquake resistance is different, even if the earthquake resistance is graded,
One, two, three, four * * four levels, the non-foot-tolerant standard is missing an e,
The seismic label is "LaE", and the anchorage length is shown in the atlas.
Straight and curved anchors can be used, at least 250,
1 1G has a new practice, reducing 500% and 200%.
The bottom bars are generally not connected, and 5 days will be added after crossing the center line.
Keywords raft, ground beam, stairs, no resistance, no frame, cross beam,
Cantilever, slab reinforcement and strip foundation, the above nine kinds do not contain E.
Please be careful when you meet the frame, the stairs may be earthquake-resistant.
Whether the cantilever should be earthquake-resistant, the drawings will generally indicate.
There are different ways to seal the corners and columns of the frame top beam.
Column inserted beam, beam inserted column, reading atlas (page 37),
There are also 55 atlases and 56 atlases (pages).
A new method is added to the new atlas, and the column rebar with the same diameter is turned up.
The roof frame column is closed, and the other three columns are not forgotten.
Frame-supported beams and frame columns, see atlas sixty-seven.
The column ribs extend to the upper roof, which can make the pain unforgettable.
It is not allowed to put beam-column joints in the core area, and the hoop is chaotic.
Wenchuan earthquake has a lesson, but there is no problem with encryption.
There is a strong bar to remind you, bend and stretch,
If the second interview fails, even the best steel bars should be thrown away.
Please pay attention to material procurement, and don't buy anything without "E" reinforcement.
Some drawings are not standardized and symbols are marked in confusion.
"L" and "LL" are not clear, and their requirements are quite different.
It is difficult to supervise if it is not up to standard, so it is necessary to ask questions reasonably.
Let it be corrected is the purpose, in order to do a good job in the project.
3. The shear wall structure is drawn by plate method.
There are three kinds of beams: connecting beam, concealed beam and frame beam, and there are ten kinds of concealed columns.
Wall, wall column and wall beam all belong to the category of shear wall.
As a supervisor, you should understand that a column is not a column and a beam is not a beam.
When the horizontal bar passes through the outside, the tractor will not forget.
The reinforcing part is a constraint, and the tractor is generally encrypted.
Structure (edge) stirrups are not calculated, and hooks are set according to drawings.
Wall columns shall be connected, bound and mechanically welded.
Tie lap LaE, multiply by 1.2 coefficient.
The seams are staggered by more than 500, with a distance in the middle.
500 butt welds on the ground, up and down for 35 days.
The new regulations of the new atlas are just new binding methods.
Find the mystery on page 70. Please look carefully.
4. Flat Atlas Raft Foundation
Raft foundation is divided into two types, beam and slab are different.
All kinds of structures are in use, and anchorage is generally not seismic.
The primary and secondary beams are close to the ground, which can also be called ground beams.
It is different from the main beam, which is pulled up and pressed down.
It is also possible to do the opposite, but the calculation is different.
The main beam refers to the clear distance, and the ground beam starts from the axis.
The new atlas has changed. No, Toya means clear span.
The connection area is different, and the encryption label is even different.
The column is inserted into the beam, and the seismic anchorage is shown in the atlas.
Generally, whoever presses the longitudinal reinforcement of the flat plate is written on the drawing.
If it is not specified in the design, under and above the short-span steel bar,
Note that the last edges are all extended outward.
This is related to the thickness of the plate. Look carefully against the atlas.
Mat foundation plate, also known as the whole house without beams,
The other is a flat plate, in which one plate is divided into two parts,
The bottom is impermeable and inserted into it.
Other practices are similar, but the details are different.
Atlas is a walking dictionary. Without it, it wouldn't work.
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