Therefore, at present, the most urgent thing is to determine the overall thinking and development strategy of enterprise informatization as soon as possible after the leadership's awareness of informatization strategy is improved, choose the breakthrough point, and begin to cultivate compound talents and backbone. Thirdly, to speed up the informatization of small and medium-sized enterprises, we should advocate the establishment of innovative service projects suitable for the needs of small and medium-sized enterprises as soon as possible.
1, which provides a lower cost and more effective solution for the information needs of small and medium-sized enterprises. Provide a public information platform with better multi-dimensional operation. Really reduce the informatization cost of small and medium-sized enterprises. Explore the construction experience of "* * * shared resources" suitable for small and medium-sized enterprises.
2. Innovative information service mode. The service model suitable for informatization of small and medium-sized enterprises needs to be innovated urgently. For example, it is difficult for small and medium-sized enterprises to get financing and loans. The financial resources obtained by small and medium-sized enterprises in China are unbalanced. Not only is there less credit support. Direct financing channels are narrow. It is difficult for small and medium-sized enterprises to raise funds through the open capital market. The survey shows that 98.7% of the financing supply of SMEs in China comes from bank loans, and the direct financing only accounts for 1.3%. Equity financing accounts for 18% of the capital sources of American SMEs. Small and medium-sized enterprises in China, in particular, lack their own funds. It restricts the rapid development of informatization of small and medium-sized enterprises.
3. Innovative training services: At present, the information market of small and medium-sized enterprises in China is becoming the target of development and intervention by domestic and foreign software and hardware manufacturers with its huge potential of rapid growth. So it can be said that we are facing the best "socialized training period". Grasping this opportunity plays an important role in improving the information life and ability of small and medium-sized enterprises. Intel said: This year, it will jointly invest not less than 6,543.8 billion yuan with computer hardware and software manufacturers and telecom operators, implement training and Internet access programs, and accelerate the popularization and application of information technology in small and medium-sized enterprises in China. Cisco also indicated that it will increase investment in training. At the same time, the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Information Industry and the State Information Office also launched the informatization promotion project for small and medium-sized enterprises in China, and launched online training projects for millions of small and medium-sized enterprises in Nanjing and Anhui. China Telecom also invested more than 200 million yuan to build a comprehensive information service platform for small and medium-sized enterprises in various provinces. Lenovo has specially formulated the growth plan for small and medium-sized enterprises. This socialized and large-scale information training will certainly have a positive impact on promoting the informationization of small and medium-sized enterprises. Relevant departments should pay attention to the integration of resources, rational organization, find typical examples, sum up experience and promote them in time. Analyze and plan the needs of their own enterprise information construction
Before choosing information software, enterprises should first make clear their own needs, that is, what problems should be solved in order to realize informatization. At present, many enterprises are still in the traditional manual management mode and in the transitional stage from planned economy to market economy, and there are many shortcomings and defects in enterprise management. Solving these problems is the main purpose of introducing information system. Therefore, enterprises must diagnose and think calmly about their own management before purchasing information software. On the basis of careful analysis of the present situation, do a good job in the planning of enterprise informatization construction, determine the objectives, system scope, key problems to be solved, stage division and progress requirements of system construction, and make a feasibility analysis of the manpower, material resources and financial resources that enterprises can invest under the existing conditions. On this basis, the requirement task book of information software selection is put forward and provided to information service providers as the basis of software selection. The pre-planning of this informatization construction is very important, and it will become the guiding document for the whole process of enterprise informatization construction and the basis for implementation in each stage. The correctness of "planning" is very important. "Planning" should be advanced and practical. Therefore, the compilation of the Plan is a very important and serious matter. The decision-making level of enterprises should lead and participate in this matter, and deploy leaders of various departments, business backbones and information technology personnel to form special groups. If the enterprise lacks people who understand information, IT can hire professional IT consulting experts from the society to participate in this work.
Does the function meet the enterprise's own needs?
After defining the needs of enterprises, the choice of software has a basis. Whether the function of the selected ERP software meets the needs of enterprises is the key factor for the success of ERP software implementation. At present, in the domestic ERP software market, there are many kinds of ERP commercial software, which is dazzling. Some large-scale information software (especially some well-known foreign information software companies) are powerful and can better meet the needs of various enterprises. However, for various reasons, not all enterprises can buy these large-scale ERP software. Especially the small and medium-sized enterprises, which account for the vast majority of the total number of enterprises, can only choose those small and medium-sized information software in the domestic information market because of their small scale and limited financial resources. Although these softwares are labeled as information brands, their functions and performances are quite different due to the history, technical background, application degree and investment intensity of software developers. Therefore, when choosing these softwares, enterprises should not just stay on the surface and be confused by oral propaganda, but should carefully study and inspect the functional structure of the software. For example, for manufacturing enterprises, the first thing to consider is whether the software is suitable for the production type of their own enterprises. As we all know, the production types of manufacturing industry can be divided into two categories: discrete manufacturing and process manufacturing. Among the production types of discrete manufacturing, it can be divided into three types: multi-variety small batch production, large batch flow production and single piece small batch production. These different production types have completely different production modes (different production processes, production planning methods, production organization and control methods, etc.). According to different production types, ERP software will provide different production management solutions. The traditional production planning and control function of MRPII/ERP is suitable for multi-variety and small batch production. It is a three-level management system consisting of master production planning (MPS), material requirements planning (MRP) and workshop task and operation management. The core of the production management system is the material demand planning module, which will organize the production and procurement of parts according to the lead time and appropriate batch standards. Therefore, when purchasing ERP software, this production-oriented enterprise should carefully examine whether the software has the above functions. Especially, the function of three-level planning-workshop production operation (process level) planning is difficult to realize because of its complex mathematical model. Some softwares have weak function in this module, and even some softwares have no such function at all. For large-scale flow production, the most suitable production management solution in ERP software system is MRP/JIT mixed production management mode. In this scheme, the production preparation plan of parts and the procurement plan of raw materials are solved by MPS—MRP system, while the workshop production management is completed by order-driven JIT management system. JIT just-in-time production management system follows the market and order pulling mechanism, and truly realizes on-demand production. JIT's planning mode is an assembly line production plan that produces according to the beat. In some small and medium-sized ERP software on the market at present, JIT function is very weak, even lacking this function; For single-piece and small-batch production enterprises, production is generally organized according to customer orders, manufactured or assembled according to the requirements of orders, and even products are redesigned or modified according to customer requirements. The key to this kind of production is how to quickly produce the products that customers need according to their individual needs. In order to do this, ERP system is required to quickly convert the technical requirements of customers to basic manufacturing data, and automatically generate manufacturing data according to the personalized requirements of customers' orders, such as OBOM data and order routing data. In ERP business software, these functions are usually completed by configuration control module. It can also be done by PDM software closely combined with ERP. Therefore, before purchasing ERP software, such enterprises should study some solutions to bottleneck problems and conduct targeted research on ERP software. To sum up, to avoid the risk of ERP software selection, enterprises must do a good job in demand analysis, find their own characteristics and key issues, and be aware of them. Only in this way can we examine the software in a targeted way, choose the appropriate software, and reduce the system implementation failure caused by the mismatch between the software and the enterprise.
Investigate and evaluate the maturity of ERP.
ERP software package is a huge and complex software, and the association in the program is complicated. Any software package inevitably has defects and errors, but to varying degrees. Whether an enterprise can successfully apply ERP has a great relationship with the quality and reliability of ERP software. Therefore, when choosing ERP software, enterprises should seriously consider whether the software is mature and reliable, which is an important criterion for enterprises to choose ERP software. ERP is a management application software, and its maturity is naturally related to its practical application in enterprises. After the successful development of ERP software, in addition to strict laboratory testing, it is more important to constantly hone in the process of repeated application of enterprises, and constantly improve the reliability and maturity of the software by constantly modifying and supplementing errors and defects. Laboratory testing is often carried out through artificially designed programs and simulated data, which has certain limitations. However, in the practical application in the enterprise field, the software will be tested by a large number of actual data and complex business processes, which is incomparable to the laboratory conditions. Therefore, when choosing ERP software, enterprises must examine the history and experience of software companies, the formation and development process of software packages, the evaluation of the number of customers and application effects, and the software version maintenance mechanism of software manufacturers. Generally speaking, the quality and reliability of software tested by a large number of customers are higher, and enterprises should try to avoid becoming a testing ground for immature products.
Investigate the implementation experience and ability of service providers.
However, more importantly, when enterprises examine the functions of these softwares, they should never ignore the experience of software manufacturers in implementing these softwares and the effects of applying these modules. Although some service providers have listed the introduction of these modules in the function list, they have not been applied in the customer site. The technical service personnel's understanding of these modules is still limited to the concept, and they lack practical experience in the application of these emerging functions in the enterprise field. This has caused some difficulties for the successful implementation of the system.
How to Strengthen Enterprise Information Management
Information management is an important tool of modern enterprise management and the carrier of enterprise management ideas and methods. The main content of information management is enterprise resource planning, which has two main functions: one is the effective utilization and integration of resources; The second is to implement scientific management internally and improve work efficiency. Therefore, to do a good job in information management, we must do the following: