Science and technology plans (special projects, funds, etc.). ) is an important way for the government to support scientific and technological innovation activities. Since the reform and opening up, China has set up a number of scientific and technological plans (special projects, funds, etc.). ) has played an important role in strengthening the country's scientific and technological strength, improving its comprehensive competitiveness and supporting and leading economic and social development. However, due to the imperfection of top-level design, overall coordination and classified funding methods, various existing science and technology plans (special projects, funds, etc.). ) are repetitive, scattered, closed and inefficient. Fragmentation? Problems such as outstanding, can not fully meet the requirements of implementing the innovation-driven development strategy. At present, the global scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation are rising day by day, and major countries in the world are adjusting and improving their scientific and technological innovation strategies and policies. We should base ourselves on the national conditions, learn from the experience of developed countries, focus on solving outstanding problems through deepening reform, promote all-round innovation with scientific and technological innovation as the core, and narrow the gap between China and developed countries as soon as possible. In order to thoroughly implement the spirit of the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the 2nd, 3rd and 4th Plenary Sessions of the 18th Central Committee, implement the decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, and accelerate the implementation of the innovation-driven development strategy, in accordance with the general requirements of deepening the reform of the science and technology system and the reform of the fiscal and taxation system, as well as the Opinions of the Central Committee of the State Council on Deepening the Reform of the Science and Technology System and Accelerating the Construction of the National Innovation System and the Opinions of the State Council on Improving and Strengthening the Scientific Research Projects and Fund Management of the Central Government (Guo Fa [2065438+).
I. Overall objectives and basic principles (1) Overall objectives. Strengthen the top-level design, break the compartmentalization, reform the management system, coordinate scientific and technological resources, strengthen the division of functions among departments, establish an open and unified national scientific and technological management platform, and build scientific and technological plans (special projects, funds, etc.). ) The overall layout is reasonable, the functional orientation is clear, and the system with China characteristics is established. A management system with clear objectives and performance orientation is established, and an organizational management mechanism with standardized responsibilities, scientific efficiency, openness and transparency is formed, paying more attention to national goals. More in line with the law of scientific and technological innovation, more efficient allocation of scientific and technological resources, more closely combine science and technology with economy, maximize the enthusiasm of scientific researchers for innovation, and give full play to the strategic supporting role of scientific and technological plans (special projects, funds, etc.). ) in improving social productivity, enhancing comprehensive national strength, enhancing international competitiveness and safeguarding national security. (2) Basic principles. Transform the government's science and technology management function. Government departments should simplify administration and decentralize power, and be mainly responsible for the strategy, planning, policy, layout, evaluation and supervision of scientific and technological development, and implement unified management of various scientific and technological plans (special projects, funds, etc.). ), establish a unified evaluation and supervision system, and strengthen supervision and inspection and accountability after the event. Government departments no longer directly manage specific projects, but give full play to the role of experts and professional institutions in the management of specific projects of science and technology plans (special projects, funds, etc.). ). Focus on major national strategic tasks. Facing the forefront of the world's science and technology, facing the country's major needs, facing the main battlefield of the national economy, scientifically arranging the central financial science and technology plans (special projects, funds, etc.). ), improve the project formation mechanism, optimize the allocation of resources, demand-oriented, classified guidance, advance deployment, aim at the breakthrough point and the main direction, increase financial input, and establish a new mechanism to promote scientific and technological innovation around major tasks. Promote the deep integration of science and technology and economy. Strengthen the connection between science and technology and economy in planning and policy. Science and technology plans (special projects, funds, etc.). Innovation chain should be deployed around the industrial chain, the capital chain should be improved around innovation chain, and basic research, application development, achievement transformation and industrial development should be coordinated. So as to more actively and effectively serve the adjustment of economic structure, improve quality and efficiency, and build an innovative economy with core competitiveness. Clarify the relationship between government and market. The government focuses on supporting public scientific and technological activities such as basic frontier, social welfare, major key technology research and so on, and actively creates an environment to encourage innovation. Offside? And then what? Absence? Give full play to the decisive role of the market in the allocation of technological innovation resources and the main role of enterprises in technological innovation, highlight the results-oriented, and support enterprises' technological innovation and the transformation of scientific and technological achievements through inclusive policies and guiding means such as tax incentives and government procurement. Adhere to openness, transparency and social supervision. Science and technology projects (special projects, funds, etc.). ) are all incorporated into the national unified science and technology management information system and the national science and technology reporting system, and information disclosure and traceability management in the whole process of project implementation are strengthened. Except confidential matters, all information is open to the public and subject to social supervision. Create an atmosphere that follows scientific laws, encourages exploration and tolerates failure.
Second, establish an open and unified national science and technology management platform (1) and establish an inter-ministerial joint conference system. Establish an inter-ministerial joint meeting system for the management of science and technology plans (special projects, funds, etc.). ) led by the Ministry of Science and Technology, with the participation of the Ministry of Finance, the Development and Reform Commission and other relevant departments, formulate rules of procedure and be responsible for deliberating the strategic planning of science and technology development, the layout and setting of science and technology plans (special projects, funds, etc.). ), key tasks and guidelines, the composition of strategic consulting and comprehensive evaluation committees, and the selection and selection of professional institutions. On this basis, the Ministry of Finance allocates the budget of science and technology plans (special projects, funds, etc.). ) in accordance with the relevant provisions of the budget management. All relevant departments should do a good job in the convergence of industry and industry policies, plans, standards and scientific research, and give full play to their positive role in putting forward basic frontier, social welfare, major key technology needs, organizing and implementing tasks, and transforming and popularizing scientific and technological achievements. The strategic planning of science and technology development, the layout of science and technology plans (special projects, funds, etc.) and the setting of key special projects shall be reported to the State Council according to procedures after deliberation by the national leading group for science and technology system reform and innovation system construction, and particularly important matters shall be reported to the CPC Central Committee. (two) relying on professional institutions to manage the project. Transform the existing qualified scientific research management institutions into standardized professional project management institutions, accept project applications from all parties through the national unified scientific and technological management information system, organize project review, project establishment, process management and final acceptance, and be responsible for achieving the task objectives. Accelerate the formulation of management systems and standards for professional institutions, clearly stipulate that professional institutions should have project management capabilities in related scientific and technological fields, establish and improve the corporate governance structure, set up the board of directors and the board of supervisors, formulate articles of association, and accept the commission to carry out work according to the tasks determined by the joint meeting. Strengthen the supervision, evaluation and dynamic adjustment of professional institutions to ensure that they carry out project management in accordance with the requirements of the entrustment agreement and the provisions of relevant systems. Project evaluation experts shall be selected from the national science and technology project evaluation expert database. Encourage qualified socialized scientific and technological service institutions to participate in competition and promote the marketization and socialization of professional institutions. (3) Play the role of strategic consultation and comprehensive review committee. The strategic consultation and comprehensive review committee is composed of high-level experts from the scientific, industrial and economic fields, and provides advice on the strategic planning of scientific and technological development and the layout of scientific and technological plans (special projects, funds, etc.). ), the setting of key projects and task decomposition, so as to provide decision-making reference for the joint meeting; Put forward opinions and suggestions on formulating unified project evaluation rules, building a national science and technology project evaluation expert database, and standardizing the project evaluation of professional institutions; Entrusted by the joint meeting, organize the review of particularly important scientific and technological projects. The strategic consulting and comprehensive review committee should cooperate effectively with academic consulting institutions, associations and societies to continuously improve the quality of consulting opinions. (4) Establish a unified evaluation and supervision mechanism. The Ministry of Science and Technology and the Ministry of Finance should organize a unified evaluation, supervision and inspection of the implementation performance of science and technology plans (special projects, funds, etc.). ), strategic consultation and comprehensive evaluation of the performance of the Committee and professional institutions, further improve the construction of scientific research credit system, implement? Blacklist? System and accountability mechanism. Performance evaluation of science and technology plans (special projects, funds, etc.). Entrust it to a third party through open competition, and the evaluation results serve as an important basis for the central financial support. All relevant departments should strengthen the daily management and supervision of science and technology plans (special projects, funds, etc.). ) shall be borne and used by its subordinate units. Establish the evaluation and supervision system of scientific research achievements and strengthen the responsibility; Strengthen the audit supervision of the management and use of financial science and technology funds, resolutely investigate and deal with violations found, and make the investigation results public to play a warning and educational role. (5) Establish a dynamic adjustment mechanism. The Ministry of Science and Technology and the Ministry of Finance put forward opinions on the dynamic adjustment of science and technology plans (special projects, funds, etc.) according to the results of performance evaluation, supervision and inspection and the suggestions of relevant departments. ). If the expected goal is reached or the set time limit is reached, it will be automatically terminated; If it is really necessary to continue to implement, or newly set up science and technology plans (special projects, funds, etc.). ) and key projects, the Ministry of science and technology, the Ministry of Finance in conjunction with relevant departments to organize demonstration and put forward suggestions. The above opinions and suggestions shall be submitted for approval according to the procedures after being considered by the joint meeting. (six) improve the national science and technology management information system. Through a unified information system, the whole process of demand collection, guide release, project declaration, project establishment and budget arrangement, supervision and inspection, and final acceptance of science and technology plans (special projects, funds, etc.) is managed by information. ), non-confidential information should be voluntarily disclosed to the public and accepted by the public. Project information scattered in all relevant departments and not yet included in the national science and technology management information system should be included as soon as possible, and completed projects should be included in the national unified science and technology reporting system in time. If it is not submitted and incorporated as required, it shall not apply for scientific and technological projects (special projects, funds, etc.). ) funded by the central government.
Third, optimize the layout of science and technology plans (special projects, funds, etc.). According to the national strategic needs, the government's scientific and technological management functions and the laws of scientific and technological innovation, the scientific and technological plans (special projects, funds, etc.) are planned. ) managed by the central departments, will be integrated into five types of science and technology plans (special projects, funds, etc.). ). (1) National Natural Science Foundation. Fund basic research and scientific frontier exploration, support talent and team building, and enhance the original innovation ability. (2) Major national science and technology projects. Focus on major national strategic products and major industrialization goals, give full play to the advantages of the national system, and carry out integrated collaborative research within a time limit. (3) National key R&D plan. In view of the major social public welfare research that needs long-term evolution in the fields of agriculture, energy resources, ecological environment and health, which are related to the national economy and people's livelihood, as well as the strategic, basic and forward-looking major scientific issues, major key technologies and products, and major international scientific and technological cooperation that are related to the core competitiveness of the industry, the overall independent innovation capability and national security, we will organize and implement them according to key special projects, and strengthen the cross-departmental, cross-industry and cross-regional R&D layout and collaborative innovation that are mainly oriented to national economic and social development. (four) technical innovation guidance projects (funds). Through risk compensation, post-subsidy and venture capital guidance, we will give full play to the leverage of financial funds, guide and support technological innovation activities by using market mechanisms, and promote the transfer, transformation, capitalization and industrialization of scientific and technological achievements. (5) Special programs for bases and talents. Optimize the layout, support the construction and capacity improvement of scientific and technological innovation bases, promote the open sharing of scientific and technological resources, support the scientific research work of innovative talents and excellent teams, and improve the ability to guarantee the conditions for scientific and technological innovation in China. The above five types of science and technology plans (special projects, funds, etc.). ) should all be included in the unified management of the national science and technology management platform, strengthen the repeated construction of projects, and avoid repeated declaration and repeated funding. The central government should increase its support for science and technology programs (special projects, funds, etc.). ) and strengthen the stable support for central scientific research institutions and universities to independently carry out scientific research activities.
Four. Integrate existing science and technology plans (special projects, funds, etc.). This optimization and integration work is aimed at all science and technology plans (special projects, funds, etc.). ) open competition, excluding special funds to provide stable support to central scientific research institutions and universities. Existing science and technology plans (special projects, funds, etc.). ) will be integrated according to the new five categories by means of cancellation, merger and transfer, and the number of science and technology plans (special projects, funds, etc. ) will be greatly reduced. (1) integrated to form the national key R&D plan. Focusing on the major strategic tasks of the country, following the laws and characteristics of R&D and innovation activities, we will integrate and merge the national key basic research and development plan, the national high-tech research and development plan, the national science and technology support plan, the international science and technology cooperation and exchange project, the industrial technology research and development fund managed by the Development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, and the public welfare industry research projects managed by relevant departments to form the national key R&D plan. According to the major needs of national economic and social development and the priority areas of scientific and technological development, a number of key projects with clear goals and boundaries will be condensed and planned, and innovative design and integrated organization and implementation will be carried out from basic frontiers, major key technologies to application demonstrations. (two) the classification and integration of technological innovation guidance projects (funds). According to the needs of enterprises' technological innovation activities at different stages, we will develop the venture capital fund for emerging industries managed by the Reform Commission and the Ministry of Finance, the policy guidance plan managed by the Ministry of Science and Technology, the guidance fund for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements, the special funds for the development of small and medium-sized enterprises jointly managed by the Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of Science and Technology, and the special funds (funds) for guiding and supporting enterprises' technological innovation, such as the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and the Ministry of Commerce, to further clarify their functional positioning and classify and integrate them. Avoid duplication, give full play to leverage, guide social capital and financial capital into the field of technological innovation through market mechanisms, and form government-guided support methods such as angel investment, venture capital and risk compensation. The government should increase its support through indirect measures, implement and improve inclusive policies such as tax incentives and government procurement to support scientific and technological innovation, encourage enterprises to increase their investment in science and technology, and truly develop into the main body of scientific and technological innovation. (3) Adjust and optimize bases and talents. The national (key) laboratories managed by the Ministry of Science and Technology, the national engineering technology research center and the platform for basic conditions of science and technology, and the national engineering laboratories and national engineering research centers managed by the Development and Reform Commission should be rationally merged, further optimize the layout, classify and integrate according to functional orientation, improve the evaluation mechanism, and strengthen interconnection with major national science and technology infrastructure. Improve the openness and enjoyment of scientific research facilities in universities and research institutes, revitalize existing resources, encourage national scientific and technological infrastructure platforms to open to the outside world, enjoy and provide technical services, promote the opening of major national scientific research infrastructure and large scientific research instruments to the society, and realize cross-institutional and cross-regional open operation and enjoyment. Relevant talent plans should strengthen top-level design and interconnection. On this basis, adjust the relevant financial special funds. (4) Major national science and technology projects. We must persist in doing something different, intensify the adjustment of key points, accurately grasp the technical route and direction, pay more attention to product goals and industrialization goals, further improve and strengthen the organizational promotion mechanism, control the number of special projects, and concentrate on doing great things. Pay more attention to the division of labor and connection with other science and technology plans (special projects, funds, etc.). ) Avoid repeated deployment and investment. (5) National Natural Science Foundation. It is necessary to focus on basic research and scientific frontiers, pay attention to interdisciplinary subjects, cultivate outstanding scientific research talents and teams, increase funding, and send innovative knowledge and talent teams to key national research fields. (six) special funds to support the development of a certain industry or field. It is necessary to further focus on the development of industries and fields, and incorporate the contents supporting technology research and development into the optimized and integrated national science and technology plan (special projects, funds, etc.). ) system, and according to the development needs of industries and fields, supported by the central government's science and technology budget. Through the state-owned capital operation budget and government fund budget, the funds supporting scientific and technological innovation will be gradually included in the central public budget supporting scientific and technological innovation.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) Planning implementation progress and work requirements (1) Defining time nodes and actively and steadily promoting implementation. The optimization and integration work shall be carried out in accordance with the principle of overall design, pilot first and gradual advancement. In 20 14, the construction of national science and technology management platform was started, the database of central financial scientific research projects was initially established, and the national science and technology reporting system was basically established. On the basis of improving the cross-departmental duplicate checking mechanism, a number of qualified science and technology plans (special projects, funds, etc.) are determined. Optimize and integrate according to the new five categories, and organize 5- 10 key projects to be piloted in key areas related to the national economy and people's livelihood and future development. 20 15-20 16 according to the requirements of top-level design of innovation-driven development strategy and? Thirteenth Five-Year Plan? The key task of scientific and technological development is to promote the optimization and integration of various scientific and technological plans (special projects, funds, etc.). ). Science and technology plan (special project, fund, etc.). ) originally approved by the State Council, it will be implemented after being approved by the State Council, and the optimization and integration of science and technology plans (special projects, funds, etc.). ) will be basically completed according to the new five categories, and new management mechanisms and organizational implementation methods will be formed through reform; Basically build an open and unified national science and technology management platform to realize the overall coordination of science and technology plans (special projects, funds, etc.). ) arrangement and budget allocation, the construction of a unified national science and technology management information system, and open to the society. 20 17 after three years of reform transition, five types of science and technology plans (special projects, funds, etc. ) Optimize the overall operation after integration, and the funding channels of science and technology plans (special projects, funds, etc.). ) the previous optimization and integration are no longer retained. In practice, the reform has been deepened and the scientific and technological plans (special projects, funds, etc.) have been continuously improved. ) and the fund management system have been revised or formulated to create a good environment for innovation. Each project undertaking unit and professional organization shall establish and improve the internal control system, and carry out scientific research activities and management business according to laws and regulations. (2) unify thinking and pay close attention to implementation to ensure that the reform has achieved practical results. Management reform of science and technology plans (special projects, funds, etc.). ) is a breakthrough in implementing the innovation-driven development strategy and deepening the reform of the science and technology system, with heavy tasks and great difficulties. The Ministry of Science and Technology and the Ministry of Finance should play a good role in overall planning and coordination, take the lead in reform, set an example and strengthen communication and consultation with relevant departments. All relevant departments should unify their thinking, strengthen their overall awareness and sense of responsibility, actively cooperate and take the initiative to reform. Nails? * * * spirit with the implementation of this program. (3) Work together to promote related work. Accelerate the reform of the use, disposal and revenue management of scientific and technological achievements in public institutions, promote the revision of the Law on Promoting the Transformation of Scientific and Technological Achievements, and improve the incentive mechanism for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements; Strengthen the connection between science and technology policy and fiscal, taxation, finance, economy, government procurement, assessment and other policies, and implement inclusive tax policies such as R&D expenses plus deduction to encourage innovation; Accelerate the reform of the classification and income distribution system of scientific research institutions, improve the evaluation system of scientific research personnel, and create environmental conditions to encourage scientific research; Promote the combination of science and technology and finance, and promote the innovation of financial products in line with the characteristics of scientific and technological innovation; Incorporate technical standards into industrial and economic policies to form an innovative reverse mechanism for industrial restructuring and economic transformation and upgrading; Incorporate government procurement of scientific and technological innovation activities into the scientific and technological plan, and actively use government procurement policies such as first purchase and order to support the popularization and application of scientific and technological innovation products; Actively promote the interactive sharing of military and civilian scientific and technological resources, and promote the development of integration of defense and civilian technologies. All provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) shall, in accordance with the spirit of this plan, make overall consideration of the national science and technology development strategy and local conditions, and deepen the management reform of local science and technology plans (special projects, funds, etc.). ), optimize the integration of resources, improve the efficiency of capital use, and provide strong scientific and technological support for local economic and social development.