Sugagawa was founded in 506 BC (Spring and Autumn Period) and originated from Gucheng Lake in Gaochun District of Nanjing.
Sugagawa is the oldest artificial canal in the world, the earliest recorded canal in China and the earliest canal dug in the world.
hydrology
Sugagawa, called Xuxihe and Xuxihe in ancient times, originated from Gucheng Lake in Gaochun District, Nanjing. Its upstream is connected to Shuiyangjiang, a tributary of the Yangtze River in Wuhu, Anhui Province, and its downstream is connected to Jingxi, a Taihu Lake system.
The total length of Sugagawa is about 3 1 km, and the river width is between 20-160m. Both sides of the river are rich in rice and tea, and famous brands include Xu He Teahouse Tea Chain Store.
history
Sugagawa was dug in 506 BC (Spring and Autumn Period), which is the oldest artificial canal in the world. Sugagawa is the earliest recorded canal in China and the earliest canal dug in the world. Golda River, an artificial river excavated by Sweden in northern Europe in A.D. 1832, is the earliest canal in Europe, more than 2300 years later than Sugagawa in China.
According to the Records of Gaochun County in Guangxu of Qing Dynasty, "Xu He, He Lv, King of Wu, cut Chu, and Wu Yuan cleared the way." Xu He flows from Suzhou to Taihu Lake, through Yixing, Liyang and Gaochun, through Gucheng Lake and into the Yangtze River in Wuhu, with a total length of 100 kilometers.
During the Spring and Autumn Period, King He Lv of Wu ordered Wu Zixu to dig a canal to connect Taihu Lake in the east with the Yangtze River in the west, from which Sugagawa was dug. The opening of the canal not only facilitated shipping, but also brought floods to the downstream areas. In the early Ming Dynasty, the stone gates were opened and closed, and the Xu He River circulated Gucheng Lake and Shijiu Lake, connecting Qinhuai River and communicating the waterway transportation between Taihu Lake and Nanjing. In the early years of Yongle, Yundao was abolished and Dongba was built. In the thirty-fifth year of Jiajing, the dam was built, and Gaochun's lake no longer traveled eastward. 1958, the East Dam was demolished to divert water eastward, Sugagawa was dredged, dam closure and Maodong sluice were built, and the ancient canal was revived.
Imami
Today's Sugagawa passes through Gaochun Dongba, Xiaba and Dingbu, reaches the south section of Jingxi River east of Zhujiaqiao in Liyang, and joins the Jingxi River flowing into Taihu Lake in Yixing. It is a diversion irrigation and navigable channel between Gaochun and Liyang, so it is also called Chunli Canal. The Wu Shen Canal connecting Wuhu Yangtze River Waterway and Shanghai Huangpu River Waterway is also under construction. It can handle 65,438+0,000-ton ships and was completed in 2065,438+00.
Lingqu, called Qin Interception Canal, Lingling Canal, Douhe Canal and Xing 'an Canal in ancient times, is a great project created by working people in ancient China. Located in Xing 'an, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, it was opened to traffic in 2 14 BC. Lingqu from east to west connects Haiyang River in the east of Xing 'an (the source of Xiangjiang River flows from south to north) and Darong River in the west of Xing 'an (the source of Lijiang River flows from north to south). It is one of the oldest canals in the world and has the reputation of "the pearl of ancient water conservancy buildings in the world".