Romain rolland Mbth
Nationality: France
Place of birth: Clancy, France
Date of birth:1866 65438+1October 29th.
Date of death:1944 65438+February 30th.
Occupation: thinker, writer, music critic
Graduate school: Paris Higher Normal School, France.
Main achievements: 19 13 won the French Academy Literature Award.
19 16 to obtain Nobel Prize in Literature.
Masterpieces: Whose Biography and John Christophe.
Chronology of life
Version 1
1866-65438+/kloc-0 was born in Clancy, Burgundy, France on October 29th. John Christophe
1880- settled in Paris. 1886 ~ 1889- studying in French normal schools. 1889~ 189 1 year-studying in French school in Rome. 1895—— Worked in Paris Teachers College, teaching art history. 1895—— Complete the main doctoral thesis: the origin of opera before Lu Rui and scarlatti. 1897-published his first work "St. Louis" in Paris magazine, and staged his first two tragedies "Art" and "Wolf". 1898-Charlie Beju's first published work Wolf was published. 1899- The victory of reason was published. 190 1 year-Dandong was first published in bimonthly. 1902-July 14. 1903- Publishing Biography of Beethoven and Coming Times. 1904—— The first chapter of john christopher was published in the bimonthly. 1905-The first three chapters of john christopher won the Fermina Prize and were named Happy Life. 1905- Orlando's bookstore began to publish this work, competing with bimonthly books. 1906-Michelangelo's biography is published in Paris bimonthly. 1908- published ancient and modern musicians. 19 10- published in Gandel. 19 1 1 year-Tolstoy's biography was published in Paris magazine. 1912-The last chapter of john christopher was published in Parisian fortnightly and Orlando's Bookstore. 1913-won the literary prize of the French Academy. 1914 ~1916-worked in the international war criminals management office in Geneva. 1914 ~1919-lives in Switzerland. 19 14- Beyond Controversy published in Geneva Daily. 1915-The anthology Beyond Controversy was published in Orlando, Paris. 1916-get Nobel Prize in Literature. 19 17- giving up the prize money of international red cross prize and other literary prizes. 19 18- published empedocles in Agrigent City. 1919 ~1922-living in France. 19 19- the declaration of spiritual independence was issued. 19 19- Published Cora Bolognon. 19 19- released music tour. 19 19- Publish "Precursor". 19 19- Liluli released. 1920- released Cleran Bor. 1922 ~ 1937—— Vilnay lives in Switzerland. 1922- Publish the defeated. 1924-biography and publication of Gandhi.
Version 2
1866 was born in central France. 1880 came to Paris with his family. 1889 graduated from the history department of Paris Teachers College and soon came to Rome to read the biography of romain rolland.
Graduate students. After returning from Rome, he taught art history at the University of Paris. From then on, I began to write. Published works from 1898. 19 14 years, the first world war broke out and romain rolland settled in Geneva. He used the Swiss neutral environment to write anti-war articles, and his position was criticized by German writer thomas mann and others. But he didn't give in. 19 15, he won this year's Nobel Prize in Literature, but due to the opposition of the French government, Miller, the painter of the earth.
Results It was not until the following year 165438+ 10/5 that the Swedish Academy officially informed him of this decision. Romain rolland awarded all the prizes to the International Red Cross and the French Refugee Organization. 19 17, the October Revolution broke out in Russia. Romain rolland, together with famous writers such as France and Barbiser, opposed the interference of European imperialist countries. He publicly declared: "I'm not a Bolshevik, but I think the leader of the Bolsheviks is the great Marxist jacobins, who is carrying out magnificent social experiments." 1In June, 935, romain rolland visited the Soviet Union at the invitation of Gorky. And met with Stalin. 1September, 937, romain rolland bought a house near his hometown of Cramsy town. At the end of May of the following year, he returned to his hometown from Switzerland to settle down. 1940, the Germans occupied Paris, and romain rolland himself was closely watched by fascists. 1August, 944, the Nazis retreated and Paris was liberated. He saw the light again. 1944 65438+On February 30th, romain rolland passed away. At the age of 78.
Edit the creative process of this paragraph.
1. 1898 began to publish works. Roland's early creative activities focused on the creation of historical plays. In the 20th century, he wrote three biographies of heroes: Beethoven (1903), Michelangelo (1906) and Tolstoy (19 165438+). At the same time, from 1904 to 19 12, he created ten volumes of the novel The Dover in john cleese, which marked a milestone in his artistic and ideological development. 3. 1920 Novel Brix and Ruth (French: Pierre et Luce). From 1923 to 1933, the novel Mother and Child with 1 10,000 words was completed.
Previous works
Collection of revolutionary dramas
Including Wolf (1898), Dandong (1900) and 14th of July (1902).
the legend of heroes
Biography of Beethoven (1903). Biographies of Michelangelo (1906) and Tolstoy (19 1 1).
Other works
John Christophe's masterpiece. The novella Gora Breugnon (1919) and a series of novels reflecting his opposition to war and all kinds of violence. I am afraid that the collectivism system will hinder the individual's "spiritual independence" and other ideas. Later works include the novel Mother and Son (old translation of Happy Soul): Anetti and Silvio (1922) and Summer (1924).
Edit the later works of this paragraph.
Mother and Son (1927), Prophet (1933) and a series of essays, memoirs and papers. In particular, in 193 1, he published the article "Farewell to the past", criticized the road he had taken in the past, and took an active part in the activities against imperialist wars and maintaining peace from then on, becoming a progressive anti-imperialist and anti-fascist literary fighter.
Edit this passage "John Christophe"
John Christophe is called "a long narrative poem" by Gorky, and is regarded as romain rolland's greatest reading work in the 20th century.
A large novel. This magnum opus *** 10 focuses on the life of the protagonist, John Christophe, describing the growth, struggle and ultimate failure of this musical genius. At the same time, it gives a true portrayal of the social reality in Germany, France, Switzerland, Italy and other countries to varying degrees, accusing the capitalist society of destroying art. The book is like a huge symphony. Each volume is a movement of different thoughts, emotions and rhythms. Starting with John Christophe, romain rolland created a unique novel style. This masterpiece won 19 13 French Academy Literature Award, 19 15 Nobel Prize in Literature. The famous biographies of this modern biographer (Beethoven (1903), Michelangelo (1906) and Tolstoy (191kloc-0/)) are of great significance to contemporary biographies. He visited the Soviet Union at the invitation of Stalin in 1935, and wrote the book "Moscow Diary", in which he looked forward to the future of the Soviet Union, and romain rolland hoped that the disadvantages he saw in the Soviet Union could be solved. So out of consideration for the Soviet Union, romain rolland didn't publish this book at that time, and asked the publishing house not to publish it for 50 years. 1984, the book was published, but unfortunately it was not far from the disintegration of the Soviet Union at this time, and the author's wish was not realized.
The gist of editing this WHO biography.
conceive
He wants to correct the deviation of the times with the spirit of heroism. He chose Beethoven, a German musician in the19th century, Michelangelo, an Italian sculptor in the Renaissance, and Tolstoy, a Russian writer in the19th century, as his biographies, hoping that the spirits of these great artists could lead people out of the trough of life. The Biography of Who Is Who was written by the famous French writer romain rolland. The works of Beethoven, Michelangelo and Tolstoy were all written in the early 20th century, which had a wide influence at that time and later. In these three biographies, romain rolland didn't stick to the trivial textual research of the master's life, nor did he trace back their creative process in general. Instead, we firmly grasp the similarities between these three artists and their respective fields, and strive to describe their long-term suffering and pursuit of truth, goodness and beauty. Romain rolland called them "heroes" and wrote with touching pen and ink their lofty courage to fight against fate and great feelings to bear the suffering of all mankind, which can be said to be a "heroic symphony" for us. As early as 1930s and 1940s, the famous translator Mr. Fu Lei translated Whose Biography into Chinese. First-class propagandist, first-class author and first-class translator made this work quickly become a classic, and it is still deeply loved by readers. The first half of the 20th century was a turbulent and painful period in human history. Romain rolland wrote "Whose Biography" and Mr. Fu Lei translated "Whose Biography", all by feeling, in order to learn the strength of survival and the courage to fight from the lives of these great men. Mr. Fu Lei said, "When the whole sky is covered with gloomy clouds", the inspiration he got from Who's Who is: "Only true suffering can drive away the suffering of romantic fantasy; Only by seeing the heroic tragedy of overcoming suffering can we help us bear the cruel fate; Only by holding the spirit of' who will go to hell if I don't go to hell' can we save a depressed and selfish nation ... "
Enlightenment to us
Biography of celebrities
So, for today's readers, what can the biography of Who give us? In an era when material life is extremely rich and spiritual life is relatively poor, and in a society where people avoid the sublime and bid farewell to the sublime, Whose Biography may give us more embarrassment, because the lives of these giants are like a mirror, reflecting our meanness and smallness. We would rather praise their works than feel the greatness of their personality. Romain rolland said at the end of the biography of Michelangelo that a great soul is like a mountain. "I'm not saying that ordinary human beings can survive at the peak. But once a year, they should go up and bow. There, they can change the breathing in the lungs and the blood flow in blood vessels. There, they will feel closer to eternity. In the future, they will return to the vast plains of life, and their hearts are full of courage in daily fighting. " For our time, this is really a stone.
A proven old adage
Who's Who well proves an old saying of China people: Those who have achieved great things in ancient and modern times must have perseverance and extraordinary talents. Beethoven's "Seeking refuge in sadness and forbearance", Michelangelo's "The more I suffer, the more I like it" and Tolstoy's "I cry, I suffer, I just want the truth" all show that a great life is an endless battle. Our times are ever-changing and full of opportunities. We are eager for success, but we don't want to struggle. What we want is to become famous overnight. Impetuousness and quick success may make us achieve short-term achievements, but we must never be among the immortals of mankind. Therefore, reading Who's Who may sober us up.
Edit this famous quote of his.
1. The instinct shown by the youth forces is to oppose other youth forces or selectively combine with them. Because all kinds of ideas are attractive. They first hesitate to explore, trying to wander between two or three goals, and then make a decision and choose each other as friends. Category: Youth/Thought 2. Despising yourself, betraying yourself, and denying your beliefs with death are the greatest punishment and the greatest sin in the world. I would rather bear the pain and disaster in the world than come to this. Category: Belief 3. Wisdom and friendship are the only lights that illuminate our night. Category: Friendship 4. No one has ever read for the sake of reading, just to read himself in the book, find himself in the book, or check himself. Category: Reading 5. A person's absolute freedom is madness, and a country's absolute freedom is chaos. Category: Rule 6. Life is an endless battle. Anyone who wants to be a man must always fight against the invisible enemy. The instinctive power to kill, the desire to confuse people's minds, the ambiguous thoughts, and the thoughts that make you degenerate and self-destruct are all such stubborn enemies. Category: Life 7. Life is an endless and relentless battle. Anyone who wants to be a man must always fight against the invisible enemy. Category: Life 8. We only respect the truth, the truth that is free, unrestricted and regardless of national boundaries, and the truth that has no racial discrimination or prejudice. Category: Freedom 9. All the fun of life is the fun of creation: the action of a love genius depends on creating this fire. Category: Life 10. Life is hard. For those who are unwilling to be mediocre, it is a struggle day and night, often tragic, without glory and happiness, but in loneliness and silence. ..... They can only rely on themselves, but sometimes even the strongest people can't help wasting time in suffering. Category: Life 1 1. You people born today, you young people, now it's your turn! Step on our bodies and walk forward. I hope you are greater and happier than us. Category: Youth 12. I have all the conditions for happiness, and no matter how distressed I am, I think I should always be happy as long as I can always convey my inner happiness to others. Category: Youth 13. There is only one truth in the world: be loyal to life and love life. Category: science 14. A gentle attitude is indeed a great comfort to a despised heart. Category: Friendship 15. We call them heroes, not those who win by thinking or strength. The heroes I call are only those with noble virtues. Category: Thought 16. A person's character determines his fate. If you like to keep your character, then you have no right to refuse your opportunity. Category: Life 17. Once selfish happiness becomes the only goal of life, life will become aimless. Category: Ideal 18. The age of this girl is precisely the age when a person anesthetizes himself with dreams of happiness and pride. She is always thinking about love, and her keen interest and curiosity can hardly be said to be innocent unless she is ignorant. Category: love 19. If you want to defeat foreign enemies, you must first defeat your own internal enemies; You don't have to be afraid of falling, just keep pulling yourself out and turning over a new leaf. Category: Life 20. Even if you know half the truth through your own efforts, it is much better than parroting all the truth. Category: Truth 2 1. Instead of spending a lot of time and energy digging many shallow wells, it is better to spend the same time and energy digging a deep well. Category: Time 22. The most sensitive barometer of the era is the young people. Category: Youth 23. I obey reason, and I can sacrifice my friendship, my hatred and my life for it if necessary. Category: Friendship 24. Life is hard. For those who are unwilling to be mediocre, it is a struggle day and night, often tragic, without glory and happiness, but in loneliness and silence. ..... They can only rely on themselves, but sometimes even the strongest people can't help wasting time in suffering. Category: Ideal 25 Life is a bow, bowstring is a dream Category: Life 26. Even if you know half the truth through your own efforts, it is better than parroting the whole truth. Category: Truth 27. We only respect the truth, the truth that is free, infinite and has no national boundaries, and the truth that is free from racial discrimination and prejudice. Category: Truth 28. I was born to fight. Category: Life 29. Life does not issue round-trip tickets, once you leave, you will never come back. Category: Ideal 30. He who strangles his own thoughts is the greatest murderer. Category: Thought 3 1. Life does not issue round-trip tickets, once you leave, you will never come back. Category: Life 32. There are some countries in the world that are more important, and that is the conscience of mankind. Category: country 33. Life is a gamble. No matter whether the wealth of life is good or bad, as long as there is a catty of meat left, I will gamble. Category: Life 34. I am willing to pay any price for a lofty goal. Category: Life 35. All the morals that people preach, the morals of family and society, are beautiful only when they lose their egoism and sacrifice their sacred thoughts for their too humane relatives-good children or good spouses! Category: Thought 36 A coward will give his friend to the executioner. Category: Friendship 37. Anyone who can see through a child's life can see that the world is buried in shadows, nebulae are organized and the universe is brewing. A child's life is infinite, it is everything ... Category: children 38. You people born today, you young people, now it's your turn! Step on our bodies and walk forward. I hope you are greater and happier than us. Category: Youth 40. There is only one truth in the world, and that is to be loyal to life and love it. Category: Truth 4 1. Poor man is too obsessed with happiness! After selfish happiness becomes the only goal in life, life soon becomes aimless. Category: Life 42. The heaviest burden in life is not work, but boredom Category: Op. 43. All the fun of life is the fun of creation: the action of a love genius depends on creating this fire. Category: Genius 44. Friends after marriage are not former friends anyway. Men's souls are now immersed in the souls of some women. Category: Friendship 45. Even if you know half the truth through your own efforts, it is much better than parroting all the truth. Category: Truth 46. Life is a vineyard for common use, common cultivation and common harvest. Category: Ideal 47. Obviously, the future does not belong to those who are hesitant, but to those who will persevere and never give up once they have decided. Category: diligence 48. You people born today, you young people, now it's your turn! Step on our bodies and walk forward. I hope you are greater and happier than us. Category: Youth/Morality 49. If anyone has no sincere and earnest respect for the truth, he will never talk about conscience, noble life or nobility. Category: Truth 50. Wisdom and friendship are the only lights that illuminate our night. Category: Wisdom 5 1. A rich nature, if you don't feed yourself to the hungry, you will wither. Category: Dedication 52. Believe in yourself first, and others will believe you. Category: Talent 53. Doubt and belief are both necessary. Doubt can destroy yesterday's beliefs and open the way for tomorrow's beliefs. Category: Trust friends to see friends transparently, and they exchange lives with each other. Category: Friendship 54. Life is like a seed, hidden in the depths of life, in the mixture of black soil and human clay, where there are traces left by generations. Great life, the task is to separate life from the soil. It takes a lifetime to have a baby like this. Category: Life 55. Life is an endless and relentless battle. Anyone who wants to be a man must always fight against the invisible enemy. The instinctive power to kill, the desire to confuse people's minds, the ambiguous thoughts, and the thoughts that make you degenerate and self-destruct are all such stubborn enemies. Category: Life 56. Happiness is the fragrance of the soul and the harmony of the singing soul. The most beautiful music of the soul is sympathy. Category: Youth 57. When a person is young, he needs to have an illusion that he is participating in the great activities of the world and innovating the world there. His senses will vibrate with the breath of the universe and feel so free and relaxed. He is not tired of his family, has nothing and is fearless. Because I have nothing, I can give up everything generously. Category: Freedom 58. Wisdom and friendship are the only lights that illuminate our night. Category: Friendship 59. Anyone who meets a friendly person in the world and experiences the realm of mutual concern is enjoying the joy of heaven and earth. Category: Friendship 60. Even if we don't move, time is moving for us. And the passage of time takes away the fantasy we want to keep. Category: Time 6 1. If you want to monopolize the truth, the truth will laugh at you. Category: Truth 62. Life is an endless factory, where there is no place for lazy people. Work! Create! Category: Life 63. With friends, life shows its full value. Category: Friendship 64. Without great character, there will be no great people, even great artists and great actors. Category: Morality 65. I am willing to pay any price for a lofty goal. Category: Ideal 66. It is one thing to talk about theory leisurely, and it is another to put ideas into practice, especially when decisive decisions are needed. Category: Thought 67. Ideal is a kind of power! Category: Ideal 68. All the morals that people preach, family and social morals, are beautiful only when they lose their egoism and sacrifice their sacred thoughts for their too humane relatives-good children or good spouses! Category: slim 69. The seriousness and high integrity of peer work form a balanced category of freedom and order: work 70. What is life? It is not cold reason and what we see with our naked eyes, but what we imagine. The rhythm of life is love. Category: Life 7 1. Once selfish happiness becomes the only goal of life, life will become aimless. Category: Life 72. I don't call those who are superior to others in thought and strength heroes. Only those who make themselves greater by heart, I call them heroes. Category: thoughts 73. With the rhythm of light and shade balance and the rhythm of children's life, the infinite unfathomable years are revealed. Category: children 74. The seriousness and high integrity of peer-to-peer work form a balanced category of freedom and order: freedom 75. When a person is young, he needs an illusion. He participates in great human activities and innovates the world there. His senses will vibrate with all the smells of the universe and feel so free and relaxed. He is not tired of his family, has nothing and is fearless. Because I have nothing, I can give up everything generously. Category: Friendship 76. People can't specify a time category for lust: time 77. All the morals, family morals and social morals preached by people are beautiful only when they lose their egoism and sacrifice their sacred thoughts for their too humane love-a good son or a good spouse! Category: Morality 78. The whole life is just a few days. Only a damn dreamer will put himself in the void instead of grasping the fleeting time in front of him. Category: time 79. Without great character, there will be no great people, even great artists and great actors. Category: Slim 80. People often think that the preparation stage is a waste of time. Only when the real opportunity comes and they can't grasp it can they realize that they are usually wasting their time without preparation. Category: Time 8 1. Faith is not a kind of learning. Faith is an act, and only practice can make sense. Category: Belief 82. It is immoral to live with peace of mind in mediocrity. People who quit fighting automatically are cowards. Category: Morality 83. I obey reason, and if necessary, I can sacrifice my friendship, my hatred and my life for it. Category: Truth 84. Some people feel that it is a kind of happiness to be able to give their lives and express their deep and selfless sympathy for mankind with sacrifice. Category: dedication 85. With the balanced rhythm of light and darkness and the rhythm of children's life, endless and unfathomable years will be revealed. Category: children 86. We call them heroes, not those who win by thinking or strength. The heroes I call are only those with noble virtues. Category: Morality 87. With friends, life shows its full value. Category: Friendship 88. All the fun of life is the fun of creation: the action of a love genius depends on creating this fire. Category: Love 89. All the morals that people preach, the morals of family and society, are beautiful only when they lose their egoism and sacrifice their sacred thoughts for their too humane relatives-good children or good spouses! Category: Social 90. To help the weak, a person should become strong on his own, not as weak as they are. If you like, don't be lenient with what they have done. Never let down your guard against the bad things they are going to do. Category: slim 9 1. We only respect the truth, the truth that is free, unlimited and regardless of national boundaries, and the truth without racial discrimination or prejudice. Category: Science 92. Life is an endless factory, where there is no place for lazy people. Work! Create! Category: Ideal 93. Whoever has the will to make progress can do it. Category: Ambition 94. Countless wounds are the best things that life gives you, because every wound marks a step forward for you. Category: Life 95. True happiness is completely objective, thus reflecting one's ambition. Category: Youth 96. Life is a vineyard for common use, common cultivation and common harvest. Category: Life 97. The world is not perfect, those who love are usually unloved, those who love are usually unloved, and those who love will be separated sooner or later. Category: Love 98. Most people die in their twenties and thirties: after this age, they only change their own shadows; The future life is just imitating ourselves, repeating what we said, did, thought and liked in the real human era day after day, and the way of repetition is becoming more and more mechanical and out of tune. -"John Christophe" 99. Everyone studies himself from books, and either finds himself or controls himself. Category: Life 100. See the world clearly and then love it. Category; life