Intrinsic risks are all the potential risks you face after you set your goals and before any risk control activities are carried out. Residual risk means that after you set your goals and know the potential risks, after you reduce, avoid and pass on these potential risks through a series of control activities, there are still potential risks that cannot be controlled.
In this series of control activities, those who control themselves (inside the enterprise) are called internal control. There are differences and connections between internal control and risk management. From the perspective of theoretical development and social practice, internal control and risk management are gradually merging.
The components and objectives of the two are very similar, and both focus on development strategy, market operation, financial management, legal norms and management. In fact, the contents of risk management and internal control intersect and blend with each other, which are complementary and inseparable.
Extended data
Generally speaking, a business plan should include business types, capital planning and sources, allocation ratio of total funds, stage objectives, financial estimation, marketing strategy, possible risk assessment, business motivation, list of shareholders, and the number of employees to be scheduled. The specific contents generally include the following eleven aspects:
(1) cover page
The design of the cover should be aesthetic and artistic, and a good cover will give readers a preliminary impression and a good first impression.
(2) Plan summary
It is the essence of condensed business plan, and the summary of the plan covers the main points of the plan so as to be clear at a glance, allowing readers to review the plan and make judgments in the shortest time.
The plan summary generally includes the following contents: company introduction, managers and their organizations, main products and business scope, market overview, marketing strategy, sales plan, production management plan, financial plan, capital demand, etc. We should try our best to be concise and vivid, especially to explain the differences of our own enterprises and the market factors of their success.
(3) Introduction of the enterprise
The purpose of this part is not to describe the whole plan, nor to provide another summary, but to introduce your company, so the focus is on the company's philosophy and how to formulate the company's strategic goals.
industry analysis
In the industry analysis, we should correctly evaluate the basic characteristics, competition status and future development trend of the selected industry.
(5) Introduction of products (services)
Product introduction should include the following contents: product concept, performance and characteristics, main product introduction, product market competitiveness, product research and development process, new product development plan and cost analysis, product market prospect forecast, product brand and patent, etc.
In the introduction of products (services), some entrepreneurs should explain the products (services) in detail, which should be accurate and easy to understand, so that non-professional investors can understand them. Generally speaking, product introductions should be accompanied by product prototypes, photos or other introductions.
(6) Personnel and organizational structure
In the production activities of enterprises, there are human resource management, technical management, financial management, operation management, product management and so on. And human resource management is one of the most important links, because people have become the most precious resources today, which is determined by people's initiative and creativity. Enterprises should follow scientific principles and methods to manage such resources well.
In the business plan, it is necessary to define the main managers, introduce their abilities, their duties and responsibilities in the enterprise, and their past detailed experiences and background.
In addition, in this part of the business plan, the company structure should be briefly introduced, including: the organization chart of the company, the functions and responsibilities of each department, the heads and main members of each department, the company's salary system, the company's shareholder list, stock options, proportions and privileges, and the background information of the company's board members and directors.
Experience and past success are more convincing than a degree. If you are going to leave a particularly important position to an inexperienced person, you must give a good reason.
(7) Market forecast
It shall include the following contents:
1, demand forecast;
2. Market forecast: an overview of the current market situation;
3. Overview of competitors;
4. Target customers and target markets;
5, the market position of enterprise products, etc.
(8) Marketing strategy
The misunderstanding of the market is one of the most important reasons for the failure of enterprises. In the business plan, the marketing strategy should include the following contents:
(1) Selection of market organization and marketing channels;
(2) Marketing team and management;
(3) Promotion plan and advertising strategy;
(4) Price decision
(9) Manufacturing plan
The manufacturing plan in the business plan shall include the following contents:
1, product manufacturing and technical equipment status;
2, new product production plan;
3, technical upgrading and equipment update requirements;
4, quality control and quality improvement plan
(10) financial planning
Financial planning generally includes the following contents: the focus is on the preparation of cash flow statement, balance sheet and income statement.
Liquidity is the lifeline of an enterprise, so when an enterprise starts or expands, it needs to be carefully planned in advance and strictly controlled in the process; The income statement reflects the profitability of the enterprise, which is the operating result of the enterprise after a period of operation; The balance sheet reflects the state of the enterprise at a certain moment, and investors can use the ratio index obtained from the data in the balance sheet to measure the operating status and possible return on investment of the enterprise.
(1 1) Risk and risk management