(A) enhance the core competitiveness of enterprises and promote mutual cooperation between enterprises.
Enterprises in China need to improve their competitive strength in an all-round way, mainly by strengthening their economic strength, talent advantages and management advantages, so as to promote the improvement of their soft power. First of all, we should improve our own brand effect. If an enterprise wants to get all-round development in the world, it must first be affirmed by consumers. Without the support of consumers, even if it is done well and comprehensively, it will be futile. In addition, we should also cultivate the basic quality of service personnel. The service personnel of the enterprise represent the image of the enterprise, which requires the enterprise managers to fully consider the ideas of consumers from the perspective of consumers. By understanding consumers, grasping consumers' hearts and better training service personnel of enterprises, it will have a multiplier effect. While serving consumers well, enterprises need to innovate independently and create better products to meet consumers' more needs after being recognized by consumers. This requires enterprise leaders to assess the situation, update the latest information in time through the rapid development of science and technology, and keep abreast of market development and changes in consumer consumption, so as to better promote enterprises to become bigger and stronger.
China enterprises need to enhance their awareness of economic globalization. Under the background of China's entry into WTO, China enterprises will face greater opportunities and challenges. Therefore, under the new situation, China enterprises must adjust their development strategies to promote their own better development.
China enterprises can learn from the successful experience of foreign enterprises, establish a brand-new management system, reduce the planned management mechanism, and strengthen the parent company's management of subsidiaries. Because many enterprises now think that they can develop independently overseas, they naturally ignore the important role of the parent company in development. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a parent-subsidiary management mechanism in line with international practice, so that overseas subsidiaries can develop better under the protection of the parent company. At the same time, the parent company should promote its subsidiaries to establish and improve the management mechanism of self-management, self-development and self-restraint, and implement the management responsibility to everyone. We should also establish the concept that talents are the first resource. Enterprises need more outstanding talents to better meet the needs of international development, give play to their own advantages and attract talents, and enterprises can also speed up the cultivation of compound talents together.
Enterprises need to form powerful enterprise groups, promote enterprise collectivization, and strengthen their strength and expand their production scale through horizontal integration, joint or merger of enterprises in the same industry. Furthermore, through the development of vertical integration, enterprises have better development in supply, production and sales. Generally speaking, enterprises need to cooperate with each other to avoid the state of being fragmented and easily defeated by foreign companies.
(B) the establishment of an effective management mechanism
If an enterprise wants to develop continuously, it must establish a good management mechanism, so as to retain outstanding talents and attract more outstanding talents. First of all, the management mechanism of an enterprise should have an incentive effect on employees. If employees just keep a coping state, it will be a matter of time before the enterprise closes down or is merged. However, while establishing an incentive mechanism, we should not only pay attention to ordinary employees but ignore senior managers. At the same time, it is necessary to cultivate talents and fully tap potential talents. Through the training of enterprises, the potential of such talents can be fully stimulated, so as to make full use of human resources reasonably and establish a reasonable talent evaluation system. On the basis of learning from the experience of western countries, we should integrate factors such as ability, performance, morality and knowledge to establish our own talent training system. Secondly, we should improve the distribution system, implement different distribution incentive systems according to different talent targets, and establish a distribution system in which the economic income of employees is coordinated with the price level. More preferential treatment should be given to talents with strong ability, high-tech talents and cutting-edge technology research talents to better stimulate the potential of employees.
(3) Improve the investment legal system and correctly handle the relationship between the government and enterprises.
China's foreign investment laws are imperfect and lack an effective and reasonable legal system. Therefore, it is necessary for our government to give full play to the role of macro-control and establish a sound legal system for overseas investment. On the basis of learning from the successful experience of other developed countries, a legal system coordinated with the socialist market economy should be established between the basic system of foreign investment, the principle of market access and the rights and obligations of the government and enterprises. Then discuss the establishment of investment protection agreements with relevant countries to protect enterprises from unnecessary losses caused by wars, remittance restrictions, trade barriers and other risks, and promote mutually beneficial cooperation between States parties. Using Multilateral Investment Guarantee Convention to Protect the Foreign Development Interests of China Enterprises. At the same time, actively introduce overseas enterprises to invest in China.
Under the condition of the development of socialist market economy, foreign direct investment is mainly an independent micro-business activity of enterprises, and generally enterprises choose their own investment objects and targets. However, the investment of enterprises is still guided and restricted by the government's macro-control, and China is still in the primary stage of the development of socialist market economy, and the time for the planned economy to transform into a market economy is not very long, so the government still intervenes in the development of Chinese enterprises, especially overseas investment enterprises, which affects the development of this enterprise to a certain extent. Therefore, our government still needs to learn from the development experience of western countries, establish a socialist market economy with China characteristics, make the division of labor between the government and the market clear, and ensure the development of foreign investment. When a country's market fluctuates excessively, the government needs to increase its intervention. When the market develops steadily, the government needs to be a good regulator. This has formed a socialist market economy with China characteristics, which focuses on developing market economy, supplemented by macro-control. Therefore, in the implementation of the "going out" strategy, our government and enterprises need to cooperate with each other, make common progress and make joint efforts to promote the smooth implementation of the "going out" strategy.
(D) the government's countermeasures for enterprises to go global
First of all, the government needs to adopt different policies according to different investment environments, such as setting up encouragement policies and establishing overseas investment funds, which can not only reduce the risk of overseas investment of China enterprises, but also guide China enterprises to go out smoothly and avoid too many deviations on the development path. However, the government's encouragement policy needs to proceed from reality, avoid becoming dependent on enterprises with poor management and poor economic benefits, and appropriately ban these enterprises. Secondly, we can establish a long-term development plan, give full play to the advantages of socialism, and establish more overseas investment institutions to manage overseas investment enterprises, so that overseas investment can develop in a planned, orderly and more efficient way. While establishing overseas investment institutions, it is required to establish a more perfect legal mechanism to promote the expansion of advantageous enterprises and better help China enterprises to go abroad. If the management policy is transparent, the management efficiency will be improved. Furthermore, it is necessary to strengthen information construction and set up its own information investment department overseas to collect, process, transform and update information, so as to provide information consulting services for enterprises. Set up an overseas investment research center in China to study the trend of overseas investment from time to time to promote the better development of overseas investment of enterprises. Finally, the Chinese government needs to improve the overseas financial investment system, because many enterprises are still in the development stage, and most enterprises rely entirely on their own capabilities to achieve corporate financing, which will inevitably lead to an increase in production costs. Therefore, setting up corresponding financing institutions overseas in China can alleviate some of the pressure on enterprises to go global.
China's strategy of going global can promote the rapid development of China's economy and enhance China's comprehensive national strength. Therefore, our government needs to strongly support enterprises to go out and develop, and should not be too conservative, so as to develop our economy faster and better and improve national income.
Difficulties faced by China enterprises in "going global"
(A) the enterprise investment structure is imperfect, its own strength is lacking, and its international competitiveness is poor.
Judging from the investment situation of enterprises in China, the investment structure of enterprises in China is not perfect. The regional choice of China enterprises' transnational operation is mainly based on neighboring developing countries and regions, and they have not fully entered the big markets of all countries in the world. Many enterprises are limited to the investment in neighboring countries, thus ignoring the good opportunities for overseas investment. Therefore, Asia has attracted the investment of most China enterprises, and the industries of transnational investment in China are relatively simple, mostly labor-intensive industries, ignoring technology-intensive industries and knowledge-intensive industries. Therefore, this factor greatly restricts the expansion and development of Chinese enterprises.
The strategy of "going out" implemented by enterprises in China has greatly improved the comprehensive national strength of China and promoted the rapid economic development of China to some extent. However, China's "going out" enterprises still focus on labor-intensive industries and lack the ability of independent innovation, so our government has always advocated independent innovation and sustainable scientific development. Compared with foreign high-tech industries, the slow development of enterprises makes China enterprises lack the core of competition with foreign enterprises, so China enterprises are completely passive in the same industry and it is difficult to enter the international market. It also leads China enterprises to be at a disadvantage in international competition. It is not conducive to the development of enterprises going abroad. Enterprises should realize independent innovation and enhance their own strength. Moreover, in the development of enterprises, the labor problem is also a major factor that hinders China enterprises from going out. For example, in countries such as Europe and America, the welfare level is generally high, and the investment of China enterprises in these areas will inevitably bring the pressure of increasing production costs, which has lost to enterprises in other parts of China to some extent. In addition, China's products and labor force have also impacted the local job market, and have been retaliated by some countries.
(2) The decision-making mechanism and internal management mechanism of enterprises are not perfect, and there is a shortage of talents.
At present, the management of some foreign-invested enterprises by Chinese investors is not perfect, the supervision is not strong enough, and there is also a lack of scientific and effective incentive system. Sometimes, the decision-making of leaders and managers is not comprehensive enough and there are mistakes in decision-making. According to the investigation and analysis, only 1/3 of overseas China-invested enterprises is in a good development state, 1/3 is basically maintained, and the rest are 1/3. Moreover, the imperfect management of some enterprises leads to the loss of some outstanding talents, the lack of incentive policies for enterprises, and the low enthusiasm of many employees, which leads to the slow operation of the company. Another important point is the shortage of overseas management talents. At present, the steady progress of global economic integration requires enterprises to have compound talents with high comprehensive quality, which can not only expand the scale of internationalization of enterprises, but also improve the level of international management. However, China does lack talents in this field, and it is precisely because of the lack of these talents that China enterprises can't learn about overseas investment information more quickly and efficiently.
(3) Enterprises are too obsessed with international brands and blindly buy.
Looking closely at the development process of representative multinational companies in China, Haier, Huawei and other enterprises began to take the road of self-development and self-innovation in the 1990s. The company's progress was full of hardships, but it also made great achievements and became the vanguard of China enterprises going abroad. However, since TCL bought Schneider, a traditional German brand product, at a low price, China enterprises seem to have found a shortcut. Therefore, many domestic enterprises have followed suit and invested a lot of money to acquire some foreign enterprises to develop themselves through their popularity. However, it is conceivable that many enterprises in China will have certain dependence and gradually lose the ability of self-innovation, leading to the decline of enterprises, and will eventually face the fate of being acquired or bankrupt, resulting in a vicious circle.
(d) The business between enterprises is relatively scattered and lacks horizontal cooperation.
Decentralized management makes enterprises lack horizontal contact and cooperation. Decentralized management between enterprises directly makes it impossible for enterprises to complement each other in information, technology, market, capital and resources, and to enjoy the fun of * * * in time, and even internal competition among enterprises may occur. To a greater extent, this also shows that China enterprises have no ability.
Adapting to multinational enterprises is to upgrade their business models through mergers or cooperative alliances. Moreover, in this fragmented state, it is likely that enterprises from other countries will take advantage of it and occupy favorable advantages, thus hindering the cooperative development between enterprises in China. Therefore, China enterprises need to strengthen cooperation among enterprises and avoid overseas enterprises going it alone.
(E) Imperfect legislation on overseas investment.
There are still many problems in the legislation of overseas investment of China enterprises, which also hinders the speed of overseas investment of China enterprises. Most importantly, China enterprises still lack legal protection. Overseas investment involves many factors, including management, technology and macro-control. It is transnational, substantive, controllable and high-risk. This means that China needs to establish its strict overseas investment management law and complete overseas investment legal system, so that enterprises can get full legal protection in the process of overseas investment and promote the stability of overseas development of China enterprises. Establishing its perfect legal system can also reduce some unnecessary problems, such as labor disputes with foreign-invested countries and reduce unnecessary troubles caused by cultural differences.