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Nanhai Temple is one of the most intact and largest buildings in ancient China. The temple was built in the 14th year of Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty (594), with a history of 1400 years. Later generations were rebuilt and expanded. The existing buildings are Qing Dynasty buildings, but they still retain the scale and organizational system of the Sui and Tang Dynasties. Since 1988, the government has also carried out three major repairs to Nanhai Temple, and now it has basically restored its original appearance.
Only the temple was left before the restoration. Now the temple is huge, covering an area of 30,000 square meters. Its main building is Wujin Hall, and from south to north are Toumen, Yimen and Corridor, Ritual Pavilion, Main Hall and Zhaoling Palace in turn. There is a stone archway in front of Nanhai Temple, which says "Don't make waves". Many stone carvings of past dynasties are preserved in this temple. There are also ancillary buildings such as Huabiao, Shishi, Hanyu Monument Pavilion, Kaibao Monument Pavilion, Hongwu Monument Pavilion and Wan Li Bicheng Monument Pavilion in the Kangxi period, which constitute a number of ancient buildings with considerable scale. The temple also preserves the bronze drums and clocks of the Han and Ming dynasties, as well as important cultural relics, such as the jade seal of the South China Sea. There are also ancient and famous trees such as kapok and acacia. The bronze drum of Han Dynasty preserved here is one of the three existing bronze drums in China. There is a "Bathing Day Pavilion" on a hill to the west of the temple. The "Fuxi Bathing Day", one of the eight scenic spots in Yangcheng during the Song and Yuan Dynasties, refers to this place.
Since the Tang Dynasty, Nanhai Temple has become increasingly prosperous, and successive governments have also sent people to manage temple affairs. In fact, it has become one of the temples with the largest number of pilgrims and the highest status, which is mainly determined by the increasingly developed status of Guangzhou's maritime trade.
The ancient Maritime Silk Road in China began in the Western Han Dynasty and reached its peak in the Sui and Tang Dynasties. Especially in the Tang Dynasty, the trading fleet from Guangzhou passed through South Asian countries, crossed the Indian Ocean, reached West Asia and the Persian Gulf, and reached the east coast of Africa as far as the west. After the Ming and Qing Dynasties, it went further to Europe and America. The total length of this route is 10000 kilometers, which connects the political, economic and cultural exchanges between the East and the West and expands China's influence in the world.
Nanhai Temple, which is in an important position on this route, had a pier in ancient times, and outside the pier was the vast sea-the South China Sea. The South China Sea is actually the part of the Pacific Ocean near the Southeast Asian continent, and the sea is next to the Pacific Ocean and leads to the Indian Ocean. Sailing boats or ships from far away must pass through this ancient pier located in the South China Sea Temple. So many merchant ships stopped here to worship in temples, praying for safe routes and smooth business. As a result, Fuxi Town near the temple was crowded with business travelers and folk temple fairs in day trading. The prosperity of Nanhai Temple witnessed the prosperity of maritime trade in Guangzhou. It is not surprising that many precious historical relics have been left behind, including inscriptions and inscriptions given by the emperor. Of course, the people are even more grateful to God in the South China Sea who has blessed them with smooth sailing and safety.
Nanhai Temple faces south and covers an area of 30,000 square meters. It is the architectural style of the Ming Dynasty, grand and simple.
There is a stone archway outside the temple, which is "not making waves." From south to north along the central axis, the main building of the temple has five entrances, namely, Toumen, Yimen, Ritual Pavilion, Main Hall and Zhaoling Palace, and one entrance is higher than the other. Other ancillary buildings are centered on Wujin, which is symmetrical left and right. This is a typical traditional temple building in China.
Legend seven
In some books, Zhu Rong is considered as one of the twelve ancestors of Pangu, and others are Di Jiang, Ju Mang and Ru Shou.
* * * A candle with nine shades is better than a corpse.
Zhu Rong's story in the legend of South Vietnam
In the era of the Yellow Emperor, there was a fire official named Zhu Rong. His childhood name was Li, the son of a tribal leader. He is red-faced, powerful and intelligent, but he is hot by nature and will fly into a rage at the slightest sign of trouble. At that time, tunnel people invented drilling wood for fire, but they were not good at saving fire. But Li especially likes being near the fire. So he became a fire expert when he was a teenager. When the fire reaches his hands, it can be preserved for a long time as long as it does not spread over a long distance. Li can cook and cook with fire, and also use fire to keep warm, illuminate and drive away wild animals and mosquitoes. These skills were a great thing at that time. So everyone respects him. On one occasion, Li's father took the whole family on a long-distance migration. Seeing that it was inconvenient to walk with a fire, Li only took a sharp stone to drill wood for a fire.
Once, as soon as everyone settled down, Li took out a sharp stone, found a big barrel of wood, and sat in front of a stony mountain "wheezing" to drill the fire. Drill, drill, drill for three hours, but there was no smoke. Li is very angry. Breathing heavily in the mouth, very unhappy. But there was no fire, so he had to drill it again. Drilling and drilling, drilling for three hours, smoke came out, but it didn't catch fire. His face was black and red with anger, so he stood up and threw a sharp stone at the stone mountain. Who knows that the sharp stone that was drilled very hot hit the stone mountain, and a few dazzling sparks popped up with a click. Clever Li saw it and soon came up with a new way to make a fire. He picked some withered reed flowers and tapped them with two sharp stones. When sparks splashed on them, they creaked and smoked. Blow gently again and the flame will go up.
Now that Li has discovered the method of using stones to make fire, there is no need to spend a lot of time drilling wood to make fire, and there is no need to do everything possible to save the fire. The Yellow Emperor of the Central Plains knew that Li had made such a great contribution, so he invited him to be a special fire officer. The yellow emperor valued him very much and said, "Li, let me give you a name." Just call it Zhu Rong. May eternity and peace be light. May you always bring light to the world. " Li was very happy and kowtowed to thank him. From then on, everyone changed their name to Zhu Rong.
When the Yellow Emperor was in power, there was a clan leader Chiyou in the south who often invaded the Central Plains, making it impossible for people in the Central Plains to live. The Yellow Emperor ordered the Central Plains people to unite, and Zhu Rong and others tied ties to fight against Chiyou. There are many Chiyou, especially his 998 1 brothers. They are covered with animal skins and have horns, and their mouths can spit out thick fog, which is awesome. At the beginning of the war, the troops of the Yellow Emperor lost their way as soon as they entered the fog, losing contact with each other and caring for each other. Chiyou's army pounced on him and defeated the Yellow Emperor and his men until they fled north to Zhuolu. The Yellow Emperor was surrounded by Chiyou in Zhuolu and dared not fight for a long time. Soon, because of the invention of the compass, I am no longer afraid of dense fog. Later, Zhu Rong saw that Chiyou's men were all dressed in animal skins, so he offered a plan to teach his men to light torches and set fires everywhere, so that Chiyou's army was burned and fled to the south. The Yellow Emperor led his army to the south. I drove through the Yellow River and the Yangtze River until I reached Mount Li, and finally I killed Chiyou. Zhu Rong made great contributions because he invented the fire attack method. The Yellow Emperor attached great importance to him, and he became an important official of the Yellow Emperor.
When the Yellow Emperor's army returned to Korea, it passed a mountain south of Yunmengze. The Yellow Emperor called Zhu Rong to his side and deliberately asked, "What mountain is this?" Zhu Rong replied: "This is called Hengshan." The Yellow Emperor asked again, "What is the origin of this mountain?" Zhu Rong replied: "In ancient times, heaven and earth were chaotic, like eggs. Pangu's creation created life. He lived for eighteen thousand years. After death, he lay on the land of the Central Plains, with his head facing east, and became Mount Tai. Toe west, into Huashan; The abdomen bulges and becomes Songshan; Right hand facing north, into Mount Heng; With your left hand facing south, it becomes the Hengshan Mountain in front of you. " Just finished, the Yellow Emperor immediately asked: "So, why is it called Hengshan?" Zhu Rong immediately replied: "This mountain spans between Yunmeng and Jiuyi. If it is a stalk, it can be called the weight of heaven and earth and the virtue of the emperor, so it is called Hengshan. " The yellow emperor was very happy to see his answer and went over and said, "good!" You are so familiar with southern affairs that I want to entrust you with a heavy responsibility! " But the Yellow Emperor didn't say what the heavy responsibility was.
The team settled down in Hengshan. The Yellow Emperor climbed to the highest peak and accepted the sacrifices of the southern tribes. Many patriarchs will get together and everyone will be happy. On a whim, Zhu Rong played a tune composed by the Yellow Emperor himself-"The Joy of Fairy Pool", and Lei Zu, the concubine of the Yellow Emperor, also danced to the beat. When everyone saw it, they all danced around the Yellow Emperor. The Yellow Emperor happily finished the dance and calmed everyone down, saying, "Since I took office, I have leveled elm trees, killed Chiyou, worked out calendars, invented characters, created melodies, compiled medical books, and established a system of sericulture, silkworm treatment and clothing fixing in Lei Zu. Now that the world is unified, I want to build five mountains: Mount Taishan in Dongyue, Huashan in Xiyue, Hengshan in Nanyue, Hengshan in Beiyue and Songshan in Zhongyue. Since then, Zhu Rong has been guarding Nanyue. " When everyone heard this, they all shouted, "Long life is boundless! Long life without borders! " Zhu Rong knew at this moment that the original Yellow Emperor had said that entrusting an important task was the way it was.
After the Yellow Emperor left, Zhu Rong was left in Hengshan to formally manage the affairs of the South. He lives on the highest peak of Mount Heng and often visits people everywhere. Seeing that people here often eat raw food, he told them to make a fire and taught them to cook before eating. He saw people here groping in the dark at night, so he told them to use fire to sing and Ming. He saw that miasma was very heavy, there were many mosquitoes, and people were often sick, so he told them to light a cigarette to drive away mosquitoes and miasma. People respect him very much, and every year after the autumn harvest in August, they come to worship him in droves. Everyone said, "Zhu Rong, we have a prosperous population, flocks of chickens and ducks, and abundant crops. You have brought us so many benefits, we thank you, and we will respect you as an emperor. You use fire to transform, and the fire is red. Let's call you Chi Di! " From then on, Zhu Rong was honored as Chi Di.
Just as everyone was living and working in peace and contentment, suddenly there was lightning and thunder, and there was an earth-shattering cry of murder from the original place. Everyone was frightened and asked Zhu Rong what was going on. Zhu Rong told them: "This is the struggle between workers and Zhuan Xu for the throne." They played for a long time, but they were still tied. * * * jumped up and ran back and forth in the mountains. This is an extraordinary mountain, supporting the sky and not letting it fall. It binds the earth and prevents it from leaning. * * * Workers ran into it, only to hear a loud noise, sparks flying and bright for a long time. The pillars that support the sky are broken, and so are the ropes that bind the earth. Since then, the sky has tilted to the northwest, and the sun, moon and stars have fallen to the northwest. The earth leans to the southeast, and all the water in rivers and lakes flows to the southeast. Originally, Mount Hengshan in Nanyue was about to collapse, and the land was about to turn over in an instant. People were holding big trees and climbing rocks one by one. They were so scared that they cried. Zhu Rong quickly used all his skills to support the genius of this place like a big pillar, and the mountain didn't collapse. There was a poet in the Tang Dynasty who wrote this story specially: "The southeast is beneficial to humbleness, and the pillar of Victoria is a stone pillar. When Zhu Rong died, he brushed Zhu Niao. " Later, another poet also wrote: "The earth surges and peaks are obvious, supporting the southern Chutian." Zhu Rong lived on Nanyue Mountain until he was over 0/00 years old. People buried him on a mountain in Nanyue, and named this mountain Chi Di Peak. The highest peak where he lives has always been called Zhurong Peak. On the top of the mountain in Zhu Rong, people built a Zhu Rong Temple to commemorate his achievements forever. Zhu Rong is a Vulcan who has been widely sacrificed in China for a long time. According to Milo's "History of Tao", Volume VIII said: "I would like to recite my surname, and I would like to swear, for Zhu Rong's ... Chi Di, so later fire officials thought this was the so-called." Historical Records of Chu Family: "Paying attention to Lebanon is a great achievement of Di Ku Gao Xin's survival in the fire, which can be integrated into the world. Di Ku is called Zhu Rong. " Legend has it that Zhu Rong is not only an expert in fire management, but also discovered the method of tapping stones to make fire and invented the fire attack method.
Originally named Li, Zhu Rong is said to have been born in the clan society and is the son of a clan leader. Li has been particularly fond of fire since he was a child. At that time, Suiren had just invented drilling for fire, and people lacked the knowledge of preserving and using fire. On one occasion, he had a long-distance clan migration with his father. Because it is inconvenient to walk with flames, he only brought stones and drilled wood to make a fire. At night, everyone is going to use fire, but Li can't get it out. He was so angry that he threw the stone for the fire up the mountain, only to find that it fell and splashed a few sparks. Clever Li saw a brainwave and immediately came up with a new way to make a fire. He picked the dried reed flower, knocked it with two sharp stones several times, and the sparks splashed on the reed flower, then blew it gently and gave off a flame. This is the way to strike a stone to make a fire later. It is much more labor-saving to strike a stone for fire than to drill wood for fire, not to mention doing everything possible to keep the fire. So at that time, the Yellow Emperor named him the Fire Officer and named him Zhu Rong.
The legend of fire attack tactics was also first invented by Zhu Rong. At that time, there was a clan in the south, headed by Chiyou, who often invaded the Central Plains. Zhu Rong was ordered to crusade. There are many human-gods, which are very powerful. Zhu Rong ordered his men to light torches and explode. As soon as Chiyou arrived, he set fire to Chiyou's team and fled in a hurry. They pursued them and finally defeated Chiyou, making great contributions. To this end, the Yellow Emperor rewarded him and ordered him to take charge of the fire on earth and guard Nanshan.
Zhu Rong is an expert in managing and using fire. He not only invented new methods of taking fire and fighting fire with fire, but also taught people how to cook food with torches, how to use fire for heating and lighting, how to use fire to drive away miasma and mosquitoes and prevent diseases. Zhu Rong used fire to transform and won people's respect. Because the fire is red, people call him "Chi Di" and worship him every autumn.
In the backward era of science and culture, people's understanding of fire is only superficial, and they think that fire is mysterious and dominated by God. Zhu Rong used fire to benefit the people, so later generations regarded him as Vulcan, and held a grand sacrifice every year to express people's gratitude and nostalgia for Zhu Rong.
The legend of Zhu Rong, the Vulcan, is full of myth, but it reflects a kind of hope for fire, hoping that Vulcan can bring more light and happiness to people, drive away evil and avoid disaster. However, it is useless to worship God and Buddha in order to really prevent fires and avoid the harm they bring to human beings. Only by relying on science and human wisdom can we defeat fire. Today, people have a scientific understanding of fire, and there is no need to pray for Vulcan protection. But Zhu Rong's image of benefiting the people with fire will continue to be passed down as a beautiful legend. All kinds of lighters have been popularized in people's daily life. However, in some remote mountainous areas, farmers still carry fire drills with them, because they don't need gasoline and flint, so they can use them at any time and take them with them at any time. So it took thousands of years. So, who first invented the chain of fire?
Legend has it that after chasing people to invent drilling wood for fire, by the time of the Yellow Emperor, humans had begun to cook food, keep warm, drive away poisonous insects and beasts and fight with fire. But at that time, people only knew how to use fire, but they couldn't keep it, which was very inconvenient for people who lived a nomadic hunting life. They must carry kindling with them. Wherever they go, the first important thing is to cook with kindling, and they must take care of the kindling after cooking.
One year, the Yellow Emperor moved from south to north with a group of people from Xia tribe. There was a sudden rainstorm, flash floods and water everywhere. Adults and children were soaked in the rain. Zhu Rong is responsible for putting out the fire, and the fire he brought with him was put out by the rainstorm. People were cold and hungry, and the children kept crying. The Yellow Emperor ordered everyone to stay in a big stone cave for a while, and then go after it cleared up. Who knows, God seems to be deliberately against people, and it rained for several days. People live in caves in the mountains, hungry and cold. However, due to the loss of fire, it is impossible to make a fire to cook and keep warm. Hunger is unbearable, adults begin to eat raw meat, and old people and children want to soak mushrooms in cold water. Zhu Rong was anxious to drill wood for fire, but all the firewood he brought was wet. After drilling for a long time, he didn't walk out of Mars. Seeing that it was getting dark, Zhu Rong was so tired that he was sweating, which had no effect. In a rage, he threw away the drill in his hand. Unexpectedly, the drill bit hit the rock in the cave, splashing more sparks. Zhu Rong's heart suddenly changed from sadness to joy. He forgot his fatigue, found a lot of stones and hit each other hard, only to see sparks flying constantly. But how can we make Mars burn? This has become a difficult problem again. The Yellow Emperor went up to Zhu Rong and said, "Don't worry. You can hit Mars from a stone, which is a great success. What to do next, we need to find more people to discuss. " This encouragement from the Yellow Emperor boosted Zhu Rong's confidence. He found Chang Xian, Da Hong, Li Mu, Lei Zu and others to find a way together. Everyone kept talking to each other, except one who kept his head down and said nothing. Everyone thought he was hungry and advised him to rest. Unexpectedly, I often suddenly stand on a stop sign and say, "There is a way!" " As he spoke, he untied his waistline, tore it open with great strength, calmly took out a group of tidbits, and said to Zhu Rong, you put these reed tidbits under the stone, and then hit the stone to make a fire. "Zhu Rong adjusted the reed tidbits according to his suggestion, and then hit the stone. The more sparks are splashed, the louder the sound of igniting reed tidbits is. I wish I could blow it gently with my mouth. With thick smoke, I jumped out of the flame. Successfully made a fire! With fire, people have the hope of survival. Adults and children in the cave cheered. The Yellow Emperor specially held a celebration banquet for Zhu Rong, which made great contributions to him and named him "Huozheng" (official position).
Zhu Rong's invention of "striking a stone to make a fire" made people no longer worry about saving kindling, which greatly facilitated human production and life. Because the fire is red, the world later called Zhu Rong "Chi Di".
Because Zhu Rong teaches people to use fire, people worship Zhu Rong very much, but the water god can't stand it and thinks that everything in the world can't live without water. Why do humans only worship Zhu Rong and not themselves? The more they think about it, the angrier they get. So the water from four lakes and five seas rushed to Kunlun Mountain, dousing the flame on Kunlun Mountain, and suddenly the whole world was in darkness. Zhu Rong was very angry when he learned that, so he got on the dragon and got into a fight with the workers. The water has been flowing downwards, and the flood has fallen from Kunlun Mountain. Zhu Rong took the opportunity to attack and burned the workers. * * * The workers were unlucky and ran into the island in a rage. Who knows that the island is Tianzhu, Tianzhu is broken, and the sky has collapsed, which has brought disaster to everything in the world, so there is a story of the goddess mending the sky. According to today's words, this can be said to be the prequel of the goddess mending the sky.
On the other hand, after Fuxi's death, the work of * * * was chaotic, and the Yellow Emperor sent Zhu Rong to counter the rebellion. Although he defeated the * * * workers, he did not kill all the members of the * * * workers. The Yellow Emperor killed Zhu Rong. Later, his younger brother, Ng Wui, became the official of the fire, which is today's Zhu Rong.