Project procurement, also known as procurement project, refers to the whole procurement process of obtaining objectives from outside the system, which can be divided into engineering procurement, goods procurement and consulting service procurement.
(1) Engineering procurement belongs to tangible procurement, which refers to the process of selecting qualified contractors to undertake the construction tasks of engineering projects through bidding or other agreed ways. Such as the construction of expressway, large hydropower stations, irrigation projects and sewage treatment projects.
(2) Goods procurement, which belongs to tangible procurement, refers to the process of purchasing inputs required by the project, such as machinery, equipment, instruments, meters, office equipment, building materials (steel, cement, wood) and agricultural means of production. , including related services, such as transportation, insurance, installation, debugging, training, initial maintenance, etc.
(3) Service procurement projects belong to intangible procurement, which refers to the process of hiring a consulting company or a single consulting expert to provide various implementation services, technical assistance or training services.
Among them, the service procurement of engineering construction projects can be roughly divided into four categories: consulting services in the early stage of project investment; Stage services such as engineering design and bidding agency; Administrative services such as project management and construction supervision; Auxiliary services such as technical assistance and training.
Project procurement mode
1. Open competitive bidding: divided into international competitive bidding and domestic competitive bidding. Publicly publish the tender announcement to attract all interested contractors to participate in the bidding, and select the winning bidder according to the prescribed procedures.
2. Limited competitive bidding: also known as invitation bidding or selective bidding. Select some qualified contractors (more than three) to send invitations according to the information provided by self-knowledge or authoritative consulting institutions.
3. Inquiry procurement: that is, the price comparison method, "shop around", is determined according to the quotations of more than three suppliers, and no formal bidding documents are needed. It is suitable for spot purchase that can be obtained directly, or product purchase with small value and standard specifications.
4. Direct procurement: no competition, direct contract signing, competitive bidding advantage does not exist, it is inconvenient or unnecessary to bid, if the product is monopolized, it can only be obtained from one company.
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