Signal 1: More time is needed to deepen accumulation and promotion.
Rural land expropriation, collective construction land entering the market and homestead management system reform are called rural "three plots" reform, which is closely related to the interests of farmers and rural collectives. Jiang Daming, Minister of Land and Resources, explained to the National People's Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) that while the three pilot projects of rural land system reform are progressing steadily and orderly, there are still some problems that need to be solved by further deepening the pilot projects.
For example, how to better coordinate the relationship between the reform of rural land system and the effective use of rural land, and how to effectively guarantee the fiscal revenue of local governments and the efficiency of project construction have not yet formed a very mature solution.
According to experts' analysis, in 20 15, the state selected 33 counties and cities as reform pilots. In September 20 16, the central government decided to promote three reform pilots in all pilot areas. Extending the pilot period will help all localities to more fully accumulate the comprehensive benefits of the "three plots of land" reform.
Jiang Daming said that the land system reform is different from the simple administrative examination and approval system. It takes a long period from system design, work arrangement, actual operation to effect feedback, and the pilot work is still in the stage of continuous exploration and gradual improvement. Comprehensive, systematic, coordinated and comprehensive reform takes time.
Xin Li, the head of Zhengzhou New Fulcrum Agricultural Consulting Company, who has long been concerned about the fields of agriculture, rural areas and farmers, said that the extension of the pilot period of reform will help the grassroots to carry out more comprehensive and in-depth exploration and lay a solid foundation for systematically summing up the pilot experience.
Signal 2: The pilot experience that has been carried out is worth summarizing in stages.
A series of statistical results show that since the start of the reform, the three pilot projects of rural land system reform in China have achieved phased results, and positive progress has been made in alleviating the contradiction of land acquisition, revitalizing land resources and increasing farmers' income.
-Breaking through key and difficult points in rural land expropriation. Dingzhou, Hebei, Inner Mongolia, Horinger, Yucheng, Shandong and other regions issued land acquisition catalogues, initially established procedures such as democratic consultation, risk assessment, dispute mediation, and follow-up supervision, improved the compensation standards for land acquisition, and improved the compensation methods for land-expropriated farmers such as housing and endowment insurance. At the same time, the pilot areas are also actively exploring the distribution mechanism of land value-added income among the central government, local governments, collectives and farmers. As of September this year, according to the new method, 63 cases and 39,000 mu of land have been expropriated in three pilot areas.
-The market access mechanism for rural collective construction land is more mature. The pilot area has accumulated experience in entering the market subject, entering the market mode and income distribution. As of September this year, 577 collectively-operated construction sites have entered the market, with a total area of 65.438+0.03 million mu and a total price of about 8.3 billion yuan.
-the reform of the homestead system has brought more dividends to farmers. In the pilot areas, the reform focuses on the transfer of the right to use the homestead, the voluntary paid withdrawal of the homestead and the mortgage of housing property rights. The pilot areas have also actively improved the villagers' self-government mechanism in terms of homestead distribution, paid use and income distribution, and improved the level of rural governance.
Yujiang county County, Jiangxi Province has established and improved the homestead management system from the aspects of revitalizing the stock, standardizing the increment, safeguarding the rights and interests, and expanding the rights, and implemented the system of "one household, one house". The county * * * withdrew 28,257 cases of 39 15 mu of homestead, and reclaimed 574 mu of homestead. Up to now, 15 pilot counties (cities, districts) have withdrawn from the homestead, covering an area of about 60,000 mu.
Signal 3: Improve legislation, and the systematic reform of rural land will become the focus.
What is the future focus of the "three plots" reform? Lu Jian, deputy director of China Rural Land Legal System Research Center of Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, believes that perfecting legislation and building a legal system framework that meets the actual needs will become one of the key tasks in the extension period. Jiang Daming said that the revision of the land management law is progressing, and extending the pilot period is conducive to promoting the pilot areas to continue deepening reforms and creating a relatively stable social atmosphere for the revision of the land management law.
On the reform level, experts and some people in the industry believe that during the extension period, the three reforms of the land system have their own emphases: the focus of the reform of the expropriation system should be to narrow the scope of land acquisition, standardize the procedures for land acquisition and reform the compensation methods for land acquisition; The rational distribution of land value-added income between the state and the collective should be handled when the collective management construction land enters the market; The key to the reform of homestead system lies in adjusting measures to local conditions and handling the relationship between unified legislation and regional coordination.