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The novel How Steel was Tempered (Russian: казакалласьстал) surpassed Paul. Kochakin's growth path tells people that only by defeating the enemy and himself in the hardships of the revolution and linking his pursuit with the interests of the motherland and the people can he create miracles and grow into an iron warrior. Revolutionaries are tempered into steel in struggle, which is an important theme of the novel. 1942, the Soviet Union made a movie of the same name based on the original novel.
Introduction to the work:
Pavel Colta, the hero, is the youngest son of a poor worker's family in a small town in Ukraine. My father died young, my mother worked as a cook in a rich man's house, and my brother, Aerjiaom, was a railway worker who was exploited and oppressed by the capitalist system. After dropping out of school, he worked as a waiter in the station canteen and a worker in a power plant. Later, he met tonya, the daughter of a forestry official. Low social status and miserable life have tempered Paul's indomitable character. After the October Revolution broke out, the red regime was besieged by foreign forces and domestic reactionaries: the political situation in Ukraine was also unprecedented, and Paul met Zhu through his brother. Zhu is an old Bolshevik who stayed in the town when the Red Army retreated. He Zhu came to teach Paul English boxing and cultivated Paul's pure revolutionary enthusiasm. Once, Paul was put in prison for saving Zhu. Then the stupid enemy quickly put him in the wrong place. After he got out of prison, Paul jumped into tonya's garden. Tonia likes Paul, who is enthusiastic, stubborn and strong in personality. Paul is also deeply attracted by tonya, who is beautiful, neat and elegant and doesn't look down on workers like other rich children.
Later, under the influence of Zhu, Paul joined the Red Army. He became one of the bravest soldiers in the famous Kotovschi cavalry division. He and his comrades once charged the enemy 17 times a day. After the battle, he also likes to read novels such as The Gadfly and Spartacus, and tells them to his comrades whenever he has time.
In a fierce battle, he was seriously injured in the head and was taken to the hospital. After leaving the hospital, Paul stayed with a relative in Togna. He was blind in one eye and couldn't go back to the front, but he immediately threw himself into all kinds of hard work in the local area.
At a gathering of workers' comrades, Paul was laughed at and ridiculed by the workers because he went with tonya, who was beautifully dressed and neatly dressed. Paul realized that tonya was not from the same class as himself, and hoped that she could stand on the same front with him, but she refused, and their feelings had to be separated. From then on, Paul left the quiet girl.
In order to supply urban timber, Paul took part in railway construction. Heavy rain, mud, heavy snow, frozen soil, poor working conditions, harassment by armed bandits, disease and hunger all threaten Paul and his comrades. However, the railway was completed as scheduled. Zhu, who has been promoted to secretary of the provincial party Committee, was deeply moved by their revolutionary enthusiasm and said, "This is how steel is tempered."
Because of his outstanding achievements, Paul was appointed secretary of the Youth League Committee of a railway factory. Lida, a female political commissar, often helps Paul improve his consciousness and do a good job. Paul gradually fell in love with Rita, but gave up his second budding love on the grounds of revolution. Paul went back to his hometown to live in the hospital because of typhoid fever, and he got pneumonia again. Pneumonia was cured, but the doctor found a fatal contusion left by shrapnel on his spine, so Paul returned to his hometown to recuperate.
During his illness in his hometown, Paul went to the tomb of Letu to mourn his comrades. He was filled with emotion, and issued a touching and inspiring rhetoric: "The most precious thing for people is life. Everyone has only one life. A person's life should be spent like this: when recalling the past, he will not regret wasting his time, nor will he be ashamed of being mediocre; On his deathbed, he can say, "All my life and energy have been dedicated to the greatest cause in the world-the struggle for human liberation." "After his recovery, Paul threw himself into the revolutionary work again. In his work, he resolutely fought against all kinds of non-mainstream ideas and "bad styles". He was very saddened by the "deterioration" of his comrade Dubawa and resolutely criticized ... Paul's physique was getting worse and worse.
1924, the party organization had to unload all the burdens on him and let him rest for a long time. His eyesight is getting worse and worse. While recuperating at the seaside, Paul met Daya, a girl from a worker's family. At Daya's home, Paul encouraged Daya to rebel against her stubborn father and led her to join the Soviet Union. Dia and Paul are married.
1927, Paul was completely paralyzed and then went blind. He was once discouraged and lost the courage to live, but his strong revolutionary belief helped him out of the trough. Under extremely difficult conditions, Paul began his literary creation.
1934, with the help of his mother, wife and comrades-in-arms, his first novella Born in the Storm was finally published! Paul is glad that he has a new revolutionary weapon-writing.
Edited on 2013-01-17.
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Author, Introduction and Detailed Description of How Steel is Tempered
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Introduction to the content and author of How Steel is Tempered.
Content abstract: How Steel was Tempered describes Pavel Kochakin's grim life during the First World War, the October Revolution, the Civil War and the recovery of the national economy. Paul lost his father in his early years, his mother washed and cooked for others and his brother was a worker. When Paul 12 years old, his mother sent him to the station canteen to do odd jobs. He was humiliated. When the October Revolution broke out, the old Bolshevik Zhu was doing underground work in the town. Zhu told Paul a lot about revolution, the working class and class struggle. Zhu was arrested by bandits. Paul ran away with Zhu. Paul was thrown into prison because of Victor's informer. After he got out of prison, Paul jumped into Tonya's garden. Tonya and Paul are in love. In the fierce battle, Paul was seriously injured in the head. After leaving the hospital, he took part in the work of restoring and building the country. The gap between Tonya and Paul's thoughts is getting bigger and bigger, so they go their separate ways. At the end of the road construction project, Paul got typhoid fever and his health became worse and worse. 1927, he was almost completely paralyzed, and then he went blind. On the one hand, he is determined to help his wife make progress; On the other hand, I decided to start literary creation. In this way, "Paul took up new weapons and started a new life." About the author: Nikolai Alexeevich Ostrovsky, a famous proletarian revolutionary, writer and Bolshevik fighter in the former Soviet Union. Ostrovsky was born in a worker's family on July 30th, 1904. Because of his poor family, 1 1 began to work as a child laborer, 15 joined the war, and 16 was unfortunately seriously injured in the battle. Blind at the age of 23, paralyzed at the age of 25. 1936 died on February 22nd at the age of 32. Three years later, he overcame unimaginable difficulties and created the immortal masterpiece How Steel was Tempered, realizing his ideal of returning to combat posts. The extended information "How Steel was Tempered" is a masterpiece of Soviet socialist literature, and its main achievement is to shape Pavel Colta King's artistic model. When describing this character, the author strictly follows the truth of life, and does not regard Paul's strong will and strong character as innate, but thinks that it is tempered by heroic fighting and hard struggle, hard study and strict self-discipline. The novel truly and profoundly depicts the vast picture of Ukrainian life before and after the October Revolution, and shapes the glorious image of a generation of heroes represented by Pavel Colta King. Pavel Kochakin, the hero, had a miserable childhood. Young Paul was arrested to save the old Bolshevik Zhu who fell into enemy hands. He was indomitable in prison. After he was released from prison, he joined the army and fought bloody battles with budyonny cavalry in Kotovschi cavalry brigade. After being seriously injured, the doctors deeply admired his amazing endurance. After leaving the hospital, he left the army, whether working in the youth league, eliminating counter-revolutionaries, or taking part in the hard work of building railways. He showed the dauntless spirit of sticking to the truth and not being afraid of hardship, and he also had a serious attitude and spiritual realm on the issue of love. Cruel war, hard work and heavy work made Paul sick, blind and paralyzed, but he engaged in literary creation with amazing perseverance and finally succeeded. By revealing Paul's resolute character of daring to overcome any difficulties and hardships for the cause of the party and the people, the novel vividly tells the younger generation what is the proletarian ideal and how to work hard for it. What kind of life a revolutionary soldier should lead is the theme of the novel. What Paul said when he visited the cemetery of his female comrade-in-arms, Walian, is a confession of his materialistic outlook on life and also an exposition of the theme of the novel: "A person's most precious thing is life, and life belongs to him only once. A man's life should be spent like this: when he looks back on the past, he will not regret wasting his time, nor will he be ashamed of doing nothing. In this way, when he dies, he can say,' My life and all my energy have been devoted to the most magnificent cause in the world-the struggle for the liberation of mankind.' "Baidu Encyclopedia-How is steel tempered?
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This paper introduces how steel is tempered (briefly)
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Author introduction, work summary, main characters, theme, scenery description and enlightenment of How Steel is Tempered.
Pavel Colta King, the protagonist in How Steel was Tempered, is a Ukrainian from the former Soviet Union. He, ordinary and great, worked as a worker, participated in the Red Army and served as secretary of the Youth League Committee. In a battle to conquer the enemy bunker, young Paul was seriously injured and became blind in his left eye. But he still kept working, day after day, year after year, until he was blind and paralyzed. But Paul was not frightened by the disease. He overcame unimaginable difficulties and wrote the novel "Children of the Storm" by dictation and asking relatives and friends to take notes, thus realizing the ideal of returning to combat posts. Paul's selfless dedication to human progress and liberation; Combine lofty ideals with every concrete action, be down-to-earth and work hard; Not afraid of difficulties and obstacles, perseverance and hard work spirit; Isn't the will stronger than steel the spirit advocated by modernization? Paul Kochagin (nickname: Paul Fu Lusha, common name: Bao) Seryosha Bo Ruzsak-Paul's childhood friend, Red Army soldier, * * * Walia Bo Ruzsak, secretary of the Communist Youth League District Committee-Seryosha's sister, * * * Communist Youth League member Lida Ustinovich-a staff member of the Political Department of the Red Army Division, * * * * * * ignat pankratov, secretary of the Youth League Committee-dockworker, * * * Nikolai okunev, secretary of the Youth League Committee of the Machine Repair Factory, * * * fyodor Zhu Laihe, secretary of the Youth League Committee, sailor, underground worker of the Party, chairman of the provincial committee for eliminating counter-revolutionaries, Dorynnick, deputy director of the Military Secret Service, carpenter and underground worker of the Party. Tokarev, secretary of the Central Secretariat of the Ukrainian Youth League, old fitter, captain of the road construction team, secretary of the district party committee Alexander Puzyrevski, head of the Red Army LeGenio, old Bolshevik Arjom Kochakin, brother of Paul, fitter, chairman of the city Soviet Politowski, train driver zahar Brou Zack, father of Selyosha, Maria Jakovleff, assistant driver-Paul's mother Daya (nickname: Dayou). Paul's wife Togna TuMannova-Paul's boyhood girlfriend, daughter of Dmitry Dubawa, a forestry official-Secretary of the Communist Youth League Committee, Trotsky Volodya Tufta-Director of the Registration and Distribution Department of the Communist Youth League Committee, Trotsky. Patriarch Vasily, member of Ukrainian Social Revolutionary Party, counter-revolutionary, Victor Leshchinsky, Polish hereditary aristocrat, middle school student, informer, Petlyura, leader of the white bandit, 1904- 1936, was born in a worker's family in Ukraine. I worked as a child laborer and suffered humiliation. After the October Revolution, he devoted himself to the struggle to defend the Soviet regime. /kloc-in the autumn of 0/920, he was seriously injured in the battle, turned to the labor front, jumped into the Dnieper River to salvage wood, and suffered from typhoid fever and rheumatism. Later, due to overwork, my body deteriorated day by day and finally I was paralyzed. Blind. He fought the disease with amazing perseverance, and on his deathbed, he wrote how steel was tempered. In his letter to his friends, he wrote: "Only people like us, only people like us who love life and are crazy about building a new and better new world. Only people like us who can understand and see the full meaning of life will not die casually, even if there is only a little chance, we can't give up life! " /kloc-in the winter of 0/934, he began to write The Birth of the Storm. The novel is set in the civil war from the end of 19 18 to the beginning of 19 19, which reflects the heroic struggle of the Ukrainian people to defeat the Polish invaders. The book was originally planned to be written in three volumes, but the author only finished the first volume and died. "How Steel was Tempered" describes Pavel Colta King, as the son of an ordinary worker, who experienced a severe life during the First World War, the October Revolution, the Civil War and the national economic recovery, and turned his spontaneous resistance to the old life into a conscious class will. Paul's growth is not "self-development of character", but as the author said when recalling his life: "Steel was tempered by raging fire and sudden cooling ... Our generation was also tempered by struggle and hard test." Paul's heroism is the rationality and sincerity of the early Bolsheviks, and personal values and collective undertakings are in a harmonious state in concept. The novel not only depicts the protagonist through one dilemma after another, but also directly expresses this sincere feeling through exciting monologues and thought-provoking aphorisms. Once, when Paul came to the tomb of the martyrs to mourn his comrades who died for the revolution, he silently thought, "The most precious thing for a man is life. It only gives us one chance. A man's life should be spent like this: when he looks back on the past, he will not regret wasting his time, nor will he be ashamed of doing nothing. In this way, when he was dying, he could say, "I devoted all my life and energy to the most magnificent cause-the struggle for the liberation of mankind." "The love entanglement with Tonya, the open friendship with Rita and the sincere feelings for Daya also show the purity of Paul's spiritual world and the special qualities of the characters in the novel. The author regards himself as the prototype of the hero, but this is not an autobiography. He said; " My novel is first and foremost a work of art, in which I use fictional rights. "The author's original intention is" to create an example in his works, an example of young revolutionaries in our time-the proletarian revolutionary era. "How the Steel was Tempered" describes that Paul Cochakin, as the son of an ordinary worker, experienced a severe life during the First World War, the October Revolution, the Civil War and the recovery of the national economy, and turned his spontaneous resistance to the old life into a conscious class will. Paul's growth is not "self-development of character", but as the author said when recalling his life: "Steel was tempered by raging fire and sudden cooling ... Our generation was also tempered by struggle and severe test. "ostrovsky (1904-1936), a Soviet writer, was born in Roma county, alcester, Warren province. His parents are both workers. Because my family was poor, I only attended primary school for three years, so I was forced to earn my own living and worked as a canteen waiter, fireman's assistant and electrician. Only after the victory of the October Revolution did he join the Volunteers. 1920, demobilized due to injury. Soon after, he got typhoid fever and rheumatism in a fight with the flood, 1924 joined the party. As * * * group district party secretary and prefectural party committee secretary. 1927 Paralysis and blindness. He engaged in literary creation with amazing perseverance. 1933 wrote his first novel, How Steel was Tempered. 1935, won the Lenin medal. 1936, The Birth of the Storm (the first trilogy) was completed. Main character or main content 1 Paul: stubborn, full of youthful vitality, not afraid of difficulties, brave and strong, determined. * * * capitalist fighters who have a firm belief in the cause of capitalism, have been tempered in the revolutionary struggle and have grown up under the education of the Party. Tonia: Naive, simple, infatuated with love, and finally changed from a petty bourgeois lady to a laggard and parasite.
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How is steel tempered? How does this role affect Paul?
Tonia, Paul's first love. Zhu, the person who educated Paul. Aerjiaom, Paul's brother. Rita, Paul's sweetheart. Maria Jacklov, Paul's mother. Seyosha Bruzak, Paul's childhood friend. Daya Kochakina (nickname: Dayusha), Paul's wife. Krimka, Paul's childhood friend.
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The brief introduction of How Steel is Tempered includes the author's brief introduction, content introduction, theme, characters, beautiful paragraphs and artistic features.
The author introduces ostrovsky (1904- 1936), a famous Soviet writer, who was born in an ordinary worker's family in Ukraine. /kloc-started working at the age of 0/2, and/kloc-joined the youth league at the age of 0/5 to participate in the civil war to defend the Soviet regime. 1920 changed jobs due to serious injuries, plunged into the trend of economic construction, and was responsible for the middle and lower level leaders of the Youth League Committee and the Party. He is a Soviet: "excellent proletarian fighter". After his paralysis and blindness caused by the recurrence of injury, he re-entered the road of literary creation and won the highest honor of the country-Lenin Medal with 1935. 1936 is dead. There are not many works in his life, the most famous of which is How Steel was Tempered. "How Steel was Tempered" describes Pavel Kochakin's severe life during the First World War, the October Revolution, the Civil War and the national economic recovery. Paul lost his father in his early years, his mother washed and cooked for others and his brother was a worker. When Paul 12 years old, his mother sent him to the station canteen to do odd jobs. He was humiliated. When the October Revolution broke out, the old Bolshevik Zhu was doing underground work in the town. Zhu told Paul a lot about revolution, the working class and class struggle. Zhu was arrested by bandits. Paul ran away with Zhu. Paul was thrown into prison because of Victor's informer. After he got out of prison, Paul jumped into Tonya's garden. Tonya and Paul are in love. In the fierce battle, Paul was seriously injured in the head. After leaving the hospital, he took part in the work of restoring and building the country. The gap between Tonya and Paul's thoughts is getting bigger and bigger, so they go their separate ways. At the end of the road construction project, Paul got typhoid fever and his health became worse and worse. 1927, he was almost completely paralyzed, and then he went blind. On the one hand, he is determined to help his wife make progress; On the other hand, I decided to start literary creation. In this way, "Paul took up new weapons and started a new life." Love entanglements with tonia, open friendship with Rita and sincere feelings for Daya show the purity of Paul's spiritual world. The theme of How Steel was Tempered is an excellent novel that describes the growth process of new people and reveals their excellent qualities. This book created the glorious image of Pavel Colta King, and praised his spirit of self-improvement, strong will, hard work and courage to fight against diseases during the revolutionary war. The book is full of revolutionary passion and idealism, which gives people a strong shock, thus affecting generations ... When a British reporter asked the author why the title was How Steel was Tempered, ostrovsky replied: "Steel was cast in fire and quenching. Only in this way can we become hard and not afraid of anything. Our generation was also tempered in such struggles and arduous tests, and learned not to be decadent in front of life. " This title vividly summarizes the ideological content he wants to express; The growth path and ideological character of my generation. The novel tells people through Paul Kochakin's growth path that only by defeating the enemy in the hardships of the revolution can we defeat ourselves, and only by linking our pursuit with the interests of the motherland and the people can we create miracles and grow into an iron warrior. Revolutionaries are tempered into steel in struggle, which is an important theme of the novel. By revealing Paul's resolute character of daring to overcome any difficulties and hardships for the cause of the party and the people, the novel vividly tells the younger generation what is the ideal of productism and how to work hard for its understanding. What kind of life revolutionary soldiers should lead is another theme of the novel. What Paul said when he visited the cemetery of his female comrade-in-arms, Valen, is a confession of his materialistic outlook on life and also an exposition of the theme of the novel: "Life is the most precious thing for a person, and life belongs to him only once. This is how people should spend their lives; When he looks back on the past, he will not regret wasting his time, nor will he be ashamed of being mediocre; In this way, when he dies, he can say,' My life and all my energy have been devoted to the most magnificent cause in the world-the struggle for the liberation of mankind.' The theme of the novel can be summarized as follows: one's life should be spent like Paul Kochakin. The greatest achievement of the novel How Steel was Tempered is the successful portrayal of pavel korchagin, a new industrialist who was trained by the Bollvik Party and tempered in the revolutionary bonfire and hard environment. He wrote a magnificent poem for the party and the people with his class stand of distinguishing love from hatred, lofty moral outlook, high revolutionary passion, magical vitality and iron will. Paul is a self-conscious and selfless revolutionary fighter. He always puts the interests of the party and the motherland first. In the war years of blood and fire, Paul and his brothers galloped on the battlefield together, fighting bloody battles with foreign armed meddlers and white bandit troops to defend the Soviet regime, showing their dedication to the revolutionary cause and not being afraid of sacrifice. Paul is also a hero who sees greatness from the ordinary. There is nothing earth-shattering in his resume. He always starts with the most common things. Faced with the heavy blow of the disease, he also had the idea of suicide. It was in his heroic passion to fight the disease that he contained the danger of "Left" infantilism. Paul finally realized that his behavior of not caring for his body could not be called heroic behavior, but willfulness and irresponsibility. Therefore, Paul is great and ordinary. He is an iron warrior who gradually matured in the fire of revolution, and he is a true and affectionate example. Of course, the author also created many different characters in How Steel was Tempered. Party member was born in Ruhla-* * *, a strong Red Army soldier, brave and resourceful, and good at leading and organizing the masses. He united the broad masses of workers in the revolutionary struggle and educated countless young people well. Pavel Colta King grew up under his education and training. Algem-he is the brother of the train driver Paul Kochakin. He has the noble qualities of the working class and has waged unremitting struggles with the enemy. He is Ruhla's best assistant. Tonya-she is the daughter of a forestry official and a childhood lover of Chajin in Bulgaria. He once introduced the novel The Gadfly to Pavel Kochakin. The book inspired his thoughts to some extent. She met Paul Kochakin by chance. Because of his stubbornness and enthusiasm, she unconsciously likes and loves him. However, due to the class background, she did not participate in the great struggle to defend the Soviet regime like many young people at that time. The appreciation of the wonderful chapter of How Steel was Tempered is divided into two parts. The first part describes the civil war, and the second part describes economic recovery and socialist construction. The second part is the all-round theme of the book, which shows the smelting of "steel" and "steel". The most important chapters are the second and ninth sections. Life is the most precious thing for people, and life belongs to people only once. A man's life should be spent like this: looking back, he will not regret wasting his time, nor will he be ashamed of doing nothing; In this way, when he dies, he can say, "My life and all my energy have been devoted to the most magnificent cause in the world-the struggle for the liberation of mankind." Artistic Features This book is a novel full of lofty ideals and passionate revolutionary passion. The work is based on the author's life history, but it is not the author's autobiography, but a typical literary treasure after artistic processing. Through the growth process of the protagonist Pavel Colta King in the revolutionary struggle, the novel truly and artistically reflects the social characteristics and the atmosphere of the times of the Soviet Union from the October Revolution and the Civil War to the restoration of the national economy, enthusiastically praises the younger generation of the Soviet Union who fought for the motherland, and shows their growth process and spiritual outlook. As soon as this book was published, it was welcomed and praised by readers at home and abroad.