George peabody quickly entered the British financial circle through the introduction of Brown Brothers Company in Baltimore, England. Soon, george peabody was very surprised to receive an invitation from Baron Nathan Mayer, inviting him to be a guest. Trembling, george peabody felt that being invited to be a guest by Nathan, who is famous in the World Bank, was as honored as being received by the Pope.
Nathan cut to the chase and asked george peabody to do him a favor and be the secret public relations agent of the Rothschild family. Although the Rothschild family is rich, it is also hated and despised by many people because of its plunder in Europe. The aristocratic class in London disdained to associate with Nathan and refused Nathan's invitation many times. Although Rothschild has great influence in Britain, he always feels isolated by the nobility. Another reason why Nathan takes a fancy to george peabody is that he is modest, popular and American, so he can be of great use in the future.
George peabody naturally agreed to Nathan's proposal, and all public relations expenses were paid by Nathan. George peabody's company soon became a famous social center in London. In particular, the American Independence Day banquet held at George Peabody's home on July 4th every year is a great event in London's aristocratic circle [2]. The guests may not have thought that an ordinary businessman who was not well-known a few years ago could afford the splendid and luxurious entertainment expenses.
Until 1854, george peabody was only a banker with a million pounds. In just six years, he made a windfall of nearly 20 million pounds and became a heavyweight banker in the United States. It turns out that in the 1857 American economic crisis instigated by the Rothschild family, george peabody invested heavily in American railway bonds and government bonds, and when British bankers suddenly dumped all bonds closely related to the United States, george peabody was also deeply involved. Strangely, when he was on the verge of bankruptcy, the Bank of England, like an angel, provided an emergency credit line of 800,000 pounds, which not only pulled him back from the death line, but also made george peabody, who had always been extremely cautious and had long lost his mind, put all his eggs in one basket and ate a lot of bonds sold as garbage by frightened American bond investors. The crisis of 1857 is completely different from the depression of 1837. In just one year, the American economy has completely walked out of the shadow of recession. As a result, george peabody's American bonds made him a super-rich, which was strikingly similar to Nathan's British national debt campaign in 18 15. In the absence of accurate inside information, george peabody, who just woke up from the nightmare of bankruptcy, is absolutely afraid to eat a lot of American debt.
George peabody was childless all his life, and his huge industry was not inherited. He took great pains for this and finally decided to invite young junius Morgan to join him. After george peabody retired, junius Morgan took over all the business and changed the name of the company to junius S Morgan, which is still located in London. Later, junius's son, J.P. Morgan, took over the company, and later he renamed the American branch as J.P. Morgan Company. 1869, J.P. Morgan and drexel met the Rothschild family in London. The Morgan family completely inherited the relationship between george peabody and the Rothschild family, and developed this cooperation to a new height. 1880, J.P. Morgan began to heavily fund the commercial activities of restructuring railway companies.
189 1 February 5, 2008, the Rothschild family and some other British bankers set up a secret organization "round table group", and the United States also set up a corresponding organization led by the Morgan family. After World War I, the American Roundtable Group was renamed the Council on Foreign Relations, and the British Roundtable Group was renamed the Royal Institute of International Affairs. Many important officials of the American and British governments are selected from these two associations.
1899, J.P. Morgan and Zogso went to London, England to attend the international bankers' conference. When they came back, J.P. Morgan had been appointed as the chief agent of the Rothschild family's interests in the United States. As a result of the London Conference, J.P. Morgan Company in new york, Zogesso Company in Philadelphia, Grenfell Company in London, Morgan Harjescie Company in Paris, M.M. Warburg Company in Germany and the United States are all completely connected with the Rothschild family.
190 1 year, J.P. Morgan bought Carnegie's steel company at a sky-high price of $500 million, and established the world's largest American steel company with a market value of more than $65,438 billion. J.P. Morgan was considered to be the richest man in the world at that time, but according to the report of the Provisional National Economic Council, he only owned 9% of his own company. It seems that Morgan, who has made wonderful remarks, is just a front-desk figure. James hill: King of Railways
Railway construction is an important infrastructure that relies heavily on financial support. The development of America's huge railway industry depends largely on the capital market of Britain and other European countries. Controlling the issuance of American railway bonds in Europe has become a direct means to grasp the lifeline of American railway industry.
During the period of 1873, American railway bonds were not spared because international bankers suddenly imposed financial austerity on the United States and threw out American bonds crazily. By the end of the 1879 crisis, the Rothschild family had become the largest creditor of American railways, and they could cut off the financial lifeline of any American railway company at any time as long as they were happy. In this context, james hill, which started from steamboat transportation and coal mines, must take refuge in the hands of financiers in order to survive and develop in the fierce competition of the railway industry. Morgan is the financial supporter behind him. With Morgan's strong support, taking advantage of the collapse of a large number of railway companies after the 1873 crisis, james hill realized the plan of rapid merger and expansion.
By 1893, james hill's dream of owning a transcontinental railway has finally come true. In the battle for the control of the Midwest Railway (Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railway), james hill met a powerful opponent, and the Union Pacific Railway Company supported by Rockefeller Financial Group launched a surprise attack on him. Harriman, president of Pacific Union Railway Company, began to secretly buy shares of North Pacific Railway Company controlled by james hill. When james hill was shocked that he was about to lose control, harriman had already lost 40,000 shares. James hill immediately turned to Morgan, the backstage boss who was vacationing in Europe, for help. Morgan immediately ordered his men to counter Rockefeller's challenge. For a time, Wall Street was filled with smoke, and the competition for shares of the North Pacific Railway Company reached a fever pitch. At one time, the price per share reached a sky-high price of $65,438+0,000.
When two tigers fight, there is bound to be injury. Finally, international bankers had to mediate, and the final result was the establishment of a new holding company-Northern Securities Company, and the two powerful companies jointly controlled the railway transportation in the northern United States. On the day when the company was founded, President McKinley was assassinated and the old Vice President Roosevelt succeeded him. Under the strong opposition of Roosevelt, the Northern Securities Company was forcibly dissolved by the Sherman Anti-monopoly Law passed by the United States 1890. Frustrated, james hill turned south and bought the railroad from Colorado to Texas. By the time of his death in 19 16, james hill had accumulated $53 million in property. Rockefeller: Oil King
John Rockefeller Sr. is a controversial figure in American history and is called "the most ruthless man". His name is naturally inseparable from the famous Standard Oil Company.
Rockefeller's oil career began during the American Civil War (186 1~ 1865). Until 1870, when he founded American Standard Oil Company, his business was still at the average level. After receiving a batch of seed loans from Cleveland National City Bank, he seemed to find a feeling at once, especially in the vicious competition. In the oil refining industry, which he is very optimistic about, he realized very early that although the short-term profit of oil refining is extremely high, it will eventually fall into suicidal vicious competition due to uncontrolled fierce competition. There is only one way to eliminate competitors mercilessly, and you can do whatever it takes to achieve this goal.
The specific methods are: first, an unknown intermediary company controlled by it proposed to buy competitors at a low price with cash. If rejected, competitors will face fierce price wars until the other side gives in or goes bankrupt. If not, Rockefeller will finally play his trump card: violent destruction. Beating competitors' workers, setting fire to competitors' factories, etc. After several rounds, there were few survivors. Such overbearing monopolistic behavior aroused the public indignation of peers, but also aroused the strong interest of new york bankers. Bankers who love monopoly appreciate Rockefeller's high execution of monopoly.
The Rothschild family has been painstakingly trying to control the increasingly powerful United States, but it has repeatedly failed. It is much easier to control a king in Europe than to control an elected government. After the American Civil War, the Rothschild family began to deploy plans to control the United States. In the financial industry, there are Morgan Bank and Kuhn Rabe Company. In the industrial field, they haven't found a suitable agent yet. Rockefeller's move made the Rothschild family shine. If a large number of blood transfusions are made in finance, Rockefeller's strength will far exceed that of Little Cleveland.
The Rothschild family sent Jacob Schiff, their most important financial strategist in America. 1875, Schiff went to Cleveland to give directions on Rockefeller's next expansion plan. Schiff brought unprecedented support that Rockefeller couldn't even dream of. Because Rothschild had already controlled 95% of the railway capacity in the United States through Morgan Bank and Kuhn Leibo Company, Schiff drew up a Southern Improvement Company to offer a very low freight discount to Rockefeller's Standard Oil Company. Under the pressure of this freight discount, few oil refining enterprises can continue to survive. Rockefeller soon completely monopolized the American oil industry and became a veritable "oil king". Jacob Schiff: Rothschild's Financial Strategist.
The close relationship between the Rothschild family and the Schiff family can be traced back to 1785. When the old Rothschild family moved to a five-story building in Frankfurt, they lived with the Schiff family for many years. As German Jewish bankers, the friendship between the two families lasted for 100 years.
1865, Jacob Schiff, who was only 18 years old, came to the United States after a period of internship at the British Rothschild Bank. After the assassination of President Lincoln, Jacob coordinated the interests of European bankers in the United States and promoted the establishment of a private central banking system in the United States. His other purpose is to find and train the agents of European banks and send them to various important positions such as government, courts, banks, industry, news and so on, waiting for the right time.
On June 1 875 65438+1October1,Jacob joined Kuhn Rebo Company and has been the core of the company ever since. With the support of the powerful Rothschild family, Kuhn Rebo Company finally became one of the most famous investment banks in the United States at the end of 19 and the beginning of the 20th century.