The new China Hong Kong International Airport at Chek Lap Kok and the China Hong Kong International Airport at North Lantau Island were officially opened on 1998. The airport is the lifeblood of China and Hongkong's economy, and it is extremely important to promote the development of tourism and commerce. As China and Hong Kong are located in the heart of Asia, Hong Kong has become an important entrepot, passenger hub and gateway to other cities in Chinese mainland. China Hong Kong International Airport operates 24 hours a day, handling 45 million passengers and 3 million metric tons of cargo every year. With the opening of the second runway in May 1999, the airport was expanded in stages to meet the increasing air traffic demand. In the final stage of development, the annual passenger capacity of the airport will reach 87 million passengers and the cargo throughput will reach 9 million metric tons. Administration: At present, about 78 international airlines provide about 5,300 scheduled passenger and all-cargo flights to and from China, Hongkong and about 65,438+040 destinations around the world, of which about 72% flights use wide-body jets. In addition, there are about 365,438+0 non-scheduled passenger and cargo flights between China and Hongkong every week. The Civil Aviation Department is responsible for providing air traffic control services, issuing certificates for aircraft registered in China and Hong Kong, supervising airlines to implement bilateral air services agreements, and controlling general civil aviation activities in Hong Kong. The China Hong Kong Airport Authority (AA) manages and operates the China Hong Kong International Airport under the airport licence issued by the Civil Aviation Department. Runway and apron: China Hong Kong International Airport has two runways, the south runway and the north runway, which are 3800 meters long and 60 meters wide, and can accommodate a new generation of large aircraft. As for the precise approach category, the south runway belongs to the second category, and the north runway belongs to the higher category IIIA, which allows pilots to land when the visibility is only 200 meters. The final capacity of the two runways is more than 60 take-offs and landings per hour. At present, there are 49 parking spaces in the passenger corridor of the airport building, 28 parking spaces in the apron and 25 parking spaces in the cargo apron. The five parking spaces in the Northwest Passenger Corridor are now available for the parking of a new generation of large aircraft. Passenger facilities: China Hong Kong International Airport is one of the most convenient airports. The passenger terminal building is spacious and the design is extremely convenient, which makes passengers feel comfortable. The layout of the building is simple and tidy, the signs are clear and easy to understand, and there are automatic walkways and automatic pedestrian flow systems to facilitate visitors to enter and leave the building. In addition, the building also meets the needs of the disabled and provides them with facilities that meet international standards. When the airport was opened, a complete transportation system was put into operation. The system includes a ground transportation center designed synchronously with the passenger building. Passengers can not only go directly to the airport express station, but also transfer to other public transport, such as public buses, tourist buses, hotel buses and taxis. Baggage and cargo handling: China Hong Kong Airport Ground Service Co., Ltd., Zhong Yi Airport Ground Service Co., Ltd. and Mingjie Aviation Service Group (China Hong Kong) Co., Ltd. provide high-quality apron aircraft services at the airport. These services include handling mail and passenger luggage, cargo transportation, operation of passenger boarding bridge and passenger elevator, etc. The airport has an advanced baggage handling system, the main part of which is located in the basement of the passenger terminal, while the express baggage transfer facility is located at the west end of the passenger corridor hall to handle the next forwarded baggage. The baggage handling system handles departure, arrival and transit baggage through a conveyor belt with a length of more than 24 kilometers, and uses a bar code scanner to interpret the standard baggage labels of the International Air Transport Association and deliver the baggage to the destination. Within 20 minutes after landing, most of the arriving banks will be transported to 12 baggage claim turntable. Air cargo: China Hong Kong International Airport can handle 3 million metric tons of cargo every year. There are two air cargo buildings in the airport, one of which is operated by China Hongkong Air Cargo Terminal Co., Ltd. and its headquarters is Super Terminal 1, covering an area of 270,000 square meters. It is the largest air cargo handling facility in the world, with an annual cargo handling capacity of 2.6 million metric tons. The second air cargo terminal is operated by Asia Air Transport Center Co., Ltd., and its current cargo handling capacity is 400,000 metric tons per year. China Hong Kong International Airport's air cargo volume is expected to eventually reach 9 million metric tons per year. Aircraft maintenance service: China Hongkong Aircraft Engineering Co., Ltd. is responsible for outfield maintenance and base maintenance services, while China Aircraft Service Co., Ltd. and Pan Asia Pacific Aviation Service Co., Ltd. are only responsible for outfield maintenance services. On-site maintenance services include routine maintenance of aircraft before normal return flight and during planned suspension. Base maintenance services include aircraft structure maintenance services. China-Hong Kong Aircraft Engineering Co., Ltd., which is responsible for providing base maintenance services, has a hangar with three parking spaces, which can accommodate three B747-400 aircraft and two A320 aircraft, and there is also a repair shop next to it. Air traffic control service: The air traffic control building (ATC building) located in the center of the airport is equipped with the core equipment of the air traffic control system. There are about 330 air traffic controllers and support staff in the air traffic control building to provide 24-hour air traffic control services to ensure the safety and efficiency of air traffic in the China-Hong Kong flight information region. The controller of the control tower is responsible for providing 24-hour traffic control service for the aircraft in the airport. If the normal service of the air traffic control building is disturbed in unforeseen circumstances, the standby air traffic control center and the standby facilities of the tower located in the north of the air traffic control building can be put into operation immediately. In addition to providing back-up services, these facilities can also be used to train air traffic controllers. Satellite communication, navigation and surveillance/air traffic management system: In line with the global implementation plan, the Civil Aviation Department plans to implement satellite communication, navigation and surveillance/air traffic management system to improve flight safety and efficiency and maintain the status of China and Hong Kong as international and regional aviation centers. The relevant plan will take 15 years to complete. Due to the complexity of the system, the Civil Aviation Department will conduct extensive research and testing before fully adopting new technologies. Related research and testing work has been started. At present, China Hong Kong International Airport has implemented some brand-new services, including digital automatic terminal information service, digital voyage meteorological information service and command data link service before flight, in order to improve the work efficiency of pilots and air traffic controllers. In view of the increase of air traffic flow and the development of technology, the Civil Aviation Department introduced a set of air traffic control rapid simulation system to comprehensively evaluate and review the newly designed flight procedures. Aviation meteorological services: The meteorological services provided by the Airport Meteorological Institute of China Hong Kong Observatory for the aviation industry conform to the standards of ICAO and its recommended operating procedures. In addition to observing the weather regularly, the Institute of Meteorology also makes additional observations in some cases, and regularly issues weather forecasts for China Hong Kong International Airport. The meteorological office will issue severe weather warnings to ensure the safety of airport facilities and parked aircraft. In addition, the Meteorological Bureau also released important weather information about thunderstorms, tropical cyclones, turbulence, icing and so on, which may affect the flight safety of China-Hong Kong air traffic service area. In order to enhance the safety of aircraft taking off and landing at China Hong Kong International Airport, the Meteorological Bureau issued a warning about low-altitude wind shear and turbulence. In terms of information services, the Observatory provides airlines with the latest meteorological data and flight documents in the form of web pages, including weather forecasts for China Hong Kong International Airport, destination airports and alternate airports, important weather forecast charts on routes, wind and temperature data, and radar and satellite images. Airport fire and rescue services: These services are provided by the Airport Fire Brigade of the Fire Services Department. At present, the airport fire brigade has 282 firefighters at all levels, stationed in two fire stations and two maritime rescue centers, providing 24-hour emergency services. The motorcade is equipped with a 14 fire truck, which can reach the scene of the accident within two minutes under the condition of clear vision and good ground conditions, in line with the call time recommended by ICAO. There are two large-scale high-speed rescue boats and eight speedboats on standby in the two maritime rescue centers. Airport development: Airport business is the management of traffic, including people flow, logistics and information flow. In order to maintain business growth, the AA has formulated a "push-pull" strategy to strengthen the connection between the airport and the newly expanded passenger and freight markets, and to strengthen the connection with the rapidly growing markets in Chinese mainland, especially the Pearl River Delta. This year, the airport added a tourist station to the mainland and a Haitian passenger station. The opening of these two facilities indicates that the relationship between China, Hongkong and the Pearl River Delta will be closer. The new station is a special tourist station between many cities in the Pearl River Delta and China Hong Kong International Airport, with a comfortable environment. The waiting hall covers an area of 230 square meters, covering 10 passenger boarding places. China Hong Kong International Airport has 200 coaches to and from 40 Pearl River Delta towns every day, and there are also stations in the towns along the way. In 2004, long-distance buses carried 6.5438+0.3 million passengers. Haitian Passenger Terminal was opened at the end of September, 2003, enabling millions of people in the Pearl River Delta to reach China Hong Kong International Airport by sea, thus expanding the transportation network from the airport to the mainland. After arriving at the airport by express ferry in the Mainland, passengers will transfer to feeder vehicles and go to the airport passenger terminal to take the plane. Passengers who arrive in Hong Kong by plane can take a ferry to the Pearl River Delta at the pier. Transit passengers arriving in Hong Kong by plane or ferry do not need to go through entry and customs formalities, and the transit time is reduced by half compared with the previous four hours. In order to further simplify the border crossing procedures, AA cooperated with Cathay Pacific Airways Limited and Dragonair Limited to launch an upstream check-in service at Haitian Wharf in Shekou, so that passengers can go through the formalities and get boarding passes before entering China SAR, and they do not need to carry luggage when crossing the border. At present, Haitian Wharf has passenger ferries connecting Macao, Zhongshan, Shekou, Fuyong and Humen in Dongguan. In order to expand the water route service between the Mainland and the Hong Kong International Airport and the Pearl River Delta, the two places will add new routes to Shunde in the short term, increasing the number of destinations to six. Cross-border coach and ferry services at the airport combine air transport, sea transport and land transport, making China Hong Kong International Airport a real multimodal transport hub. The integrated development of AA and the mainland market has taken another big step forward. 2007-01-2217: 05: 25 Supplement: Civil air transport: In order to promote the scheduled flight service between China and Hong Kong, China and Hong Kong signed civil air transport agreements with their civil aviation partners. Since the opening of China Hong Kong International Airport, the Special Administrative Region of China has resolutely and actively implemented the policy of gradually opening up air services, which has brought more choices to consumers, strengthened competition and provided opportunities for airlines of China, Hong Kong and its aviation partners to expand their services.
Reference: CAD/ Chinese/Chek Lap Kok
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