1. Wuhan has a long history. There is a site of Panlongcheng in Huangpi County, Beixiao County, which was discovered in recent years. It was the palace of Shang dynasty about 3500 years ago. During the Three Kingdoms period, Wuchang and Hanyang built Jiangxia and Queyue ancient cities, which were famous commercial ports in Tang Dynasty and one of the "four famous towns" in Ming and Qing Dynasties. In the modern history of China, the three towns are full of revolutionary sites, which are the birthplace of the Revolution of 1911 and have the former site of Qiyimen. The Red Building of Wuchang Cavalry Training Ground was the command center at that time, and there was a bronze statue in memory of Sun Yat-sen. The most famous scenic spots are: Yellow Crane Tower, one of the three famous buildings in the south of the Yangtze River, East Lake, the first national scenic spot named after the State Council, Guiyuan Temple, which is famous for its five hundred arhats, Jade Buddha and long history, and Guqintai where mountains and rivers flow to find bosom friends.
2. The origin of Jiangcheng
Like the mountain cities of Chongqing, Chengdu and Kunming in spring, Wuhan has its own unique name-Jiangcheng. Maybe you have to ask: the Yangtze River flows through many cities, large and small, from top to bottom. Why is Wuhan called alone? The reason is that Li Bai, a great poet in the Tang Dynasty, was playing in Wuhan, drinking with Shi Langzhong on the Yellow Crane Tower, and enjoying music while drinking. When he was in a good mood, Li Bai became very excited, so he wrote a poem called "Drinking with Shi Langzhong and Listening to Xiao on the Yellow Crane Tower". The poem is written like this: "First, I moved to Changsha, but I didn't see my home in Chang 'an in the west. The Jade Emperor blows the Yellow Crane Tower, and plum blossoms fall into the river in May. Wu * * * loves the good name "Jiangcheng" in Plum Blossoms in Jiangcheng in May, so he named himself Jiangcheng. Besides Jiangcheng, there are other names in Wuhan. The origin of these names reflects the historical and cultural development of Wuhan.
3. The origin of the three towns in Wuhan.
Wuchang, Hanyang and Hankou in Wuhan have their own characteristics in history, scale and development speed. The name of Wuchang began at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty and the beginning of the Three Kingdoms. In order to seize Jingzhou with Liu Bei, Sun Quan moved his capital from Jianye (now Nanjing) to Hubei County in 22 1 A.D., and renamed it Wuchang, which means "ruling the country by force and prospering the population". The name of Wuchang is interchanged with that of Ezhou today. According to archaeological excavations, Wuchang is the place where the ancients lived, such as Yingtai of Fruit Lake in Neolithic Age, Laoren Bridge in Nanhu Lake, Xujiadun and Qidun in Huashan Township, Hongshan District, etc.
The origin of the name Hanyang is closely related to Hanshui River. As the old saying goes, "North water is Yang, South Mountain is Yang". Ancient Hanyang was located in the north of Hanshui River, turtle Shan Zhinan, and was also called Yang because of the earth Yang, so it was named Hanyang.
In 606 AD, in the second year of Sui Daye, Hanjin County was changed to Hanyang County, and the name of Hanyang began. After the county government moved to Hanyang City in the Tang Dynasty, it developed rapidly.
Hanyang, especially Nautilus Island, has always been a place where merchant ships gather and distribute in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. During the Tang, Song, Yuan and Ming Dynasties, commercial handicrafts were very prosperous. At the same time, Hanyang is also a tourist attraction. Hanyang Guiyuan Temple is the best protected Buddhist jungle in Wuhan and a key cultural relic protection unit in Hubei Province.
5. The fortification of Wuchang and Hanyang started at the same time, about 1800 years ago. Historically, Hankou and Hanyang developed synchronously for a long time. It was not until the tenth year of Chenghua in Ming Dynasty (AD 1474) that the Hanshui River was diverted (at least eight times in history) that Hankou developed independently, with a history of only over 500 years. Hanyang and Hankou built city walls very early and were regarded as the places ruled by counties.
Hankou has quickly become a new commercial port, and its reputation and development speed far exceed Wuchang and Hanyang. In the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties, Hankou was listed as the four famous towns in China along with Zhuxian Town in Henan, Foshan Town in Guangdong and Jingdezhen in Jiangxi, and was known as "Oriental Chicago" overseas. Hankou's port trade and transportation are quite developed, and it has become the largest inland port in China. There are scenes of "ten-mile sails near the city, and lights are on all night" (Wu Qishi) and "Jia Manyi, a resident merchant, is the first prosperous place in Chu". Can reflect its prosperity. During the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, Hankou was even more prosperous in the world, and only "salt affairs were the best in the world".
Zhang Zhidong, Governor of Huguang in the late Qing Dynasty, built the Zhang Gongdi in Hankou on 1905. This levee has lowered the water level year by year in Houhu area, made the barren lake and wild continent form land, and provided convenient conditions for the expansion of Hankou, which was originally narrow, and made an indelible historical contribution.
7. 1927 At the beginning of this year, Wuhan nationals merged Wuchang and Hankou (Hanyang County) as the capital city and named it Wuhan. Today, Wuchang, Hankou and Hanyang make up the "Wu Hancheng" with a history of only 74 years.
The cause of the stove is that there are many rivers and lakes in Wuhan, and the water area is large. During the day, the sun is exposed to the sun, a large amount of water vapor evaporates, and the air humidity increases. The whole city is shrouded in clouds of hot air like a huge hood. On the one hand, the radiation speed of geothermal energy into the air slows down, and the indoor temperature continues to drop. On the other hand, it makes it difficult for the human body surface to dissipate heat, just like a sauna room, so it is sweaty and sultry, so it is called a "stove".
Wuhan is famous for its archaeological work in recent years. More than ten thousand years ago, there were ancestors in Wuhan.
The site of Panlongcheng in Huangpi, a suburb, was verified as Miyagi, the kingdom of Shang Dynasty 3,500 years ago, and it is also the only ancient city of Shang Dynasty found in the Yangtze River valley so far. Wuhan belongs to Jingzhou in summer, Southland in late Yin, Nan Zhou in early Zhou, Nanjun in Qin and Jiangxia in Han.
After the Eastern Han Dynasty, Jiangbei successively occupied Anyang County (AD 25), Shiyang County (Three Kingdoms Period), Quyang County (280), Quling County (305), Hanjin County (597) and Hanyang County (606). Shaxian County (25 years), runan county County (378 years) and Jiangxia County (589 years) were successively established in Jiangnan. During Chenghua period of Ming Dynasty, the tributary of Hanshui River north of Guishan gradually became the mainstream of Hanshui River, forming the pattern of Wuchang, Hanyang and Hankou.
The name Wuchang began when Sun Quan established Sun Yicheng as his capital, which means "prospering because of martial arts". It is also called "Twin Cities" with Hanyang in Jiangbei.
After the Ming Dynasty, Xiakou Town, which belongs to Hanyang, became the first of the "four famous towns" in China. The collective name "Wuhan" of the three towns under Wuyang began to be used.
192665438+in February, the temporary joint meeting of the executive Committee of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the National Committee of the Communist Party of China decided to "establish the national capital, with a large area of Wuchang, Hankou and Hanyang as the' Jingzhao District' and named Wuhan". 1April, 927 16*, Wuhan Municipal Committee was established, which was the beginning of unified city construction.
Later, it was divided and merged, and on May 24 1949, Wuhan People was formally established, and the name of Wuhan remained unchanged. 1986 65438+February, the State Council announced Wuhan as a national historical and cultural city.
The origin of place names in Wuhan The origin of place names in Wuhan was (1 927) 65438+1October1in the 16th year of the Republic of China, and the temporary joint meeting of the Central Committee announced that the whole country began to work in Hankou. Wuchang, Hankou and Hanyang merged into Jingzhao District, hence the name "Wuhan". Wuhan is the general name of Wuchang, Hankou and Hanyang, and Wuchang, Hankou and Hanyang are also called Wuhan three towns.
In the 38th year of the Republic of China (1949), in May of 16, three towns in Wuhan were liberated; In the same year, Wuchang City, Hankou City and Hanyang County merged into Wuhan City, which was directly under the Central People's Government.
By the end of 20 17, there were 13 administrative districts in Wuhan, including Jiang 'an District, Jianghan District, Qiaokou District, Hanyang District, Wuchang District, Qingshan District, Hongshan District, caidian district, Jiangxia District, huangpi district District, Xinzhou District, Dongxihu District and Hannan District. Jiang Yan Road 188, Jiang 'an District, Wuhan.
Extended data
Historical evolution of Wuhan area
Wuhan's local organizational system began in the Western Han Dynasty and belongs to Shaxian and Jiangxia counties. At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Chayue City and Lushan City were built in Hanyang today, and Xiakou City was built in Sheshan, Wuchang today. At that time, Liu Biao, a shepherd in Jingzhou, appointed Huang Zu as the satrap of Jiangxia, and set up a county government in Queyuecheng, located in Guishan, Hanyang, which became the earliest known castle in Wuhan.
In the second year of Wu Dynasty (223), Sun Quan of Soochow built Xiakou City in Sheshan, Wuchang, and at the same time built a watchtower on the yellow base of the city, named Yellow Crane Tower. During the Southern Dynasties, Xiakou extended to Yunzhou and became the seat of Yunzhou.
Jiangxia County and Hanyang County were established in Sui Dynasty, with Wuchang and Hanyang as their governing places respectively. In the Tang Dynasty, Jiangxia (Wuchang) and Hanyang were promoted to the state capitals of Ezhou and Mianzhou respectively, and became commercial centers along the Yangtze River. The name of Jiangcheng also began in Sui and Tang Dynasties. Li Bai, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, once wrote here that "the Jade Emperor blows the Yellow Crane Tower, and plum blossoms fall into the river in May", so Wuhan has been known as the river city since ancient times. From the Song Dynasty to the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the state governments ruled.
During the Song Dynasty, Wuchang belonged to Ezhou, and Hanyang and Hankou belonged to Hanyang Army. Yue Fei, an anti-Jin general in the Southern Song Dynasty, was stationed in Ezhou (now Wuchang) for eight years and began the Northern Expedition. In the 18th year from Yuan Shizu to Yuan Dynasty (128 1), Wuchang became the capital of Huguang province, which was the first time that Wuhan became the seat of a first-class administrative unit (equivalent to a modern provincial level).
In the Ming Dynasty, Zhu Zhen, the sixth son of Zhu Yuanzhang, was enfeoffed to Wuchang as king of Chu. Due to the diversion of Hanshui River from the northern foot of Guishan Mountain to the Yangtze River during Chenghua period, a new Hankou Town was formed on the northern bank (concave bank) of Hanshui River during Jiajing period, which laid the geographical foundation for the three towns in Wuhan.
At the end of Ming Dynasty and the beginning of Qing Dynasty, Hankou, together with Beijing, Suzhou and Foshan, was called the "Four Famous Towns" in the world, and with Zhuxian Town, Jingdezhen and Foshan Town, it was called "the most prosperous place in Chu", and it was a national land and water transportation hub, enjoying the reputation of "thoroughfare of nine provinces".
In the eighth year of Xianfeng in Qing dynasty (1858), the unequal treaty Tianjin Treaty was signed between Qing dynasty and Britain, and Hankou was turned into a foreign trade port.
In the eleventh year of Xianfeng (186 1), Hankou officially opened its port. In the downstream of Laohankou Town, five concessions along the Yangtze River have been opened successively: Hankou British Concession, Hankou German Concession, Hankou Russian Concession, Hankou French Concession and Hankou Japanese Concession. These concessions are independent of China, and have management institutions different from China's political system, such as Ministry of Industry, Inspection Department and Consular Court.
In the 25th year of Guangxu (1899), Xiakou Temple was located in the north of Hanshui River, which is now Hankou. At this point, Hankou, Hanyang City and Wuchang City are collectively called "three towns". Xuantong three years (19 1 1), 10, the revolution of 1911 took place in Wuchang for the first time, announcing the separation from the Qing Dynasty, the establishment of the Republic of China, the establishment of the army of the Republic of China, and Wuhan becoming the revolutionary center.
In the first year of the Republic of China (19 12), Jiangxia County was changed to Wuchang County, Hanyang County was abandoned, and Xiakou Hall was changed to Xiakou County. In the third year of the Republic of China (19 14), it belonged to Jianghan Road. In the 13th year of the Republic of China (1924), Hubei Province set up a city preparatory office in Wuchang. In the fifteenth year of the Republic of China (1926), Wuchang County was changed to Wuchang City (the city hall was established in February 65438), and Xiakou County and Hanyang County were merged into Hankou City.
In 16 (1927)65438+ 10, 1, * * * the temporary joint meeting of the Central Committee announced that the whole country began to work in Hankou. Wuchang, Hankou and Hanyang are combined into Jingzhao District, named "Wuhan", which is the temporary capital of the Republic of China.
Baidu Encyclopedia-Wuhan (the capital and sub-provincial city of Hubei Province)
Brief introduction of Wuhan history. From the pre-Qin Dynasty to the Southern and Northern Dynasties, Wuhan was called Xia Ling and Ezhou in ancient times.
The history of archaeological discoveries in Wuhan can be traced back to the Neolithic Age 6000 years ago. 1956, Hubei Provincial Museum conducted an archaeological excavation of Yingtai near East Lake, and found Neolithic remains such as stone axes, spears and harpoons, which were identified as belonging to Qujialing culture. The earliest legend in Wuhan is the story of Dayu's successful water control here. Up to now, Wang Yu Temple is still built on the Yugong base on the Hanyang River in Wuhan.
The site of Panlongcheng discovered in huangpi district is about 3500 years ago, and it is one of the few ancient cities of Shang Dynasty that have been discovered and preserved so far in China. It is considered as the "root of Wuhan City" and is the archaeological basis for Wuhan's longer history than Beijing and Xi 'an Anjian City. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Wuhan belonged to the Chu State, leaving behind some relics and legends.
It is here that the allusion of Yu Boya and Zhong You's "Mountain Rivers Meet bosom friends" recorded in Liezi Tang Wen happened. Nakako was born in Hanyang, Chu (now Caidian, Wuhan).
Hanyang still has the remains of ancient buildings such as Guqintai and Zhong Ziqi's Tomb, and historical place names such as "Qinduan", so Wuhan is also known as the "hometown of bosom friends". During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period to the Western Han Dynasty, the culture of Xinzhou in Wuhan flourished and became one of the important birthplaces of Confucianism.
The Analects of Confucius said: "When Confucius traveled around the world to Chu, Luz was intentionally drowned in seclusion". During the Western Han Dynasty, some people dug up a stone tablet on Confucius Mountain in yi county (Xinzhou District), engraved with the eight characters "Confucius asked his son for advice". Liu An, the king of Huainan, built a temple on the spot and invited a bachelor to give lectures. He is known as "the oldest surviving university in China" and was once as famous as Yuelu Academy and Donglin Academy in history.
The origin of modern Wuhan is the Queyue City built by Liu Biao, a warlord at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, and the Xiakou City built by Sun Quan of Soochow in 223. Queyue City is the earliest known city site in Wuhan.
When Sun Quan built Xiakou City, he built a watchtower on the wall near Snake Mountain, which became the world-famous Yellow Crane Tower. In 208 AD, the famous Battle of Red Cliffs broke out in Chibi near Wuchang (now Chibi in Xianning, Chibi Mountain in Jiangxia), which was the first large-scale river battle in the Yangtze River basin in China history, and also the first event that changed the political structure of China in Wuhan and its surrounding areas.
During the Three Kingdoms period, Wuchang (now Ezhou) became the capital of Wu Dong regime, where Sun Quan proclaimed himself emperor, and Wuchang and its surrounding areas became the political center of China separatist regime for the first time. During the Southern Dynasties, Xiakou City was expanded into Yunzhou City and became the seat of Yunzhou.
2. From the Sui Dynasty to the middle of Qing Dynasty, the Sui Dynasty established Jiangxia County and Hanyang County, with Wuchang and Hanyang as their governing places respectively. In the Tang Dynasty, Jiangxia and Hanyang were promoted to the state capitals of Ezhou and Mianzhou respectively, and became commercial centers along the Yangtze River.
During this period, Wuhan's economy and culture gradually prospered and became a gathering place for literati and scholars. Among them, the Yellow Crane Tower, located at the top of Huanggu Mountain in Wuchang Yangtze River, was praised by countless famous poets in Tang Dynasty and later generations such as Cui Hao, Li Bai, Bai Juyi, Wang Wei, Liu Yuxi, Su Shi, Lu You and Huang Tingjian. For a time, Wuchang became one of the cultural centers in southern China, including Cui Hao. The yellow crane never revisited earth, there have been no long white clouds for thousands of years.
Every tree in Hanyang has become clear due to sunlight, and Nautilus Island is covered with sweet grass. "And Li Bai's" Old friends say West Yellow Crane Tower, fireworks in Yangzhou in March. "
Let the Yellow Crane Tower be famous in the world, and there is another song by Li Bai, "The Jade Emperor blows the Yellow Crane Tower, and plum blossoms fall into the river in May." It is also the nickname of "Jiangcheng" for Wuhan.
Wuchang belonged to Ezhou in Song Dynasty, and Hanyang Hankou belonged to Hanyang County. During the Southern Song Dynasty, Wuchang once again became the second largest political and military stronghold in China after the capital region. Yue Fei, an anti-gold hero, was stationed in Ezhou (now Wuchang) for eight years and began to cut gold from there. Therefore, Yue Fei was also named "King of Hubei" by the imperial court, and Wuhan was once covered by the ruins of "Wang Yue Temple".
Lu You, a poet in the Southern Song Dynasty, once wrote when he passed Wuchang, "There are many rich people in the city, and there are miles outside the city. Although Qiantang and Jiankang can't pass, they are big cities to describe the prosperity of Wuchang. During the Song Dynasty, the porcelain industry in Wuhan was extremely developed. After excavation, four-deity bricks and twelve zodiac pictures of gray pottery were unearthed in Mafangshan and Yuejiazui, wuchang city, and more than 100 large porcelain kilns of Song Dynasty were found in Hu Si and Liangzihu in Jiangxia District, a suburb.
In the 18th year of Yuan Shizu Zhiyuan (128 1), Wuchang became the provincial capital of Huguangxing. Huguangxing Province is one of China 10 provinces, covering the south of the Yangtze River, most of Hunan, part of Hubei, most of Guangxi, Hainan and Guizhou, Leizhou Peninsula in Guangdong and southeastern Chongqing.
This is the first time that Wuhan has become the seat of the first-class administrative unit, and it is also the beginning that Wuhan has officially become the political, military and economic center of central and southern China. When Zhu Yuanzhang, the first emperor of the Ming Dynasty, set out to conquer Wuchang, his sixth son, Zhu Zhen, was born and grew up in Zhu Zhen. He was enfeoffed as the Chu King of Wuchang by Ming Taizu, and Wuchang expanded and became one of the largest cities in the south.
Wuchang continues to be the political center of Hubei and even the central region, and the envoy yamen of the King of Chu in the Ming Dynasty is located in Wuchang House. In the middle and late Ming Dynasty, Hankou in Wuhan rose.
Due to the diversion of Hanshui River from the north of Guishan to the Yangtze River in Chenghua period of Ming Dynasty, a new Hankou town was formed on the north bank of Hanshui River in Jiajing period. Merchants from Huizhou, Shanxi, Shaanxi and Jiangxi came to operate in succession, with salt, pawn, rice, wood, cotton cloth and medicinal materials as the six major industries, which developed to the scale of 20 miles up and down. The main street starts from Hanzheng Street Bridge and goes down to Dikou (4. At the end of Ming Dynasty and the beginning of Qing Dynasty, Hankou, together with Zhuxian Town, Jingdezhen Town and Foshan Town, was called the "Four Famous Towns" in the world, and became the land and water transportation hub of China, enjoying the reputation of "thoroughfare of nine provinces". Because Hankou is bordered by the Yangtze River and Hanshui River, it has become a place where merchants gather all over the world. It is also known as one of the three major tea markets and one of the four famous places in the world in history.
3. Old Hankou, known as "Oriental Chicago" in the late Qing Dynasty, enjoyed the reputation of "Oriental Chicago" from the late Qing Dynasty to the early 20th century. It is the second largest city in China and one of the major economic, financial, industrial, transportation and cultural centers in China. /kloc-In the middle of the 0/9th century, the Sino-Russian Wanli Tea Ceremony originated in Hankou.
Hankou was China III from18th century to the beginning of 20th century.
The Origin of Wuhan Place Names and the Origin of Wuhan Stories
The name of Wuchang originated from Sun Quan's renaming it Wuchang when he established Sun Yicheng as his capital, which means "prospering because of martial arts". In the first year of Jin Taikang (AD 280), Jiangxia County was changed to Wuchang County to govern Jiangxia County, which is now wuchang city. There is Hanyang in Jiangbei, so it is called "Twin Cities" (a poem by Yu Que, a poet in Yuan Dynasty). The word "Wuhan" appeared in Rebuilding Qingchuan Pavilion in Ming Dynasty. In the Qing Dynasty, Zeng Guofan and Hu Linyi were often used in letters. After the Ming Dynasty, Xiakou Town, which belongs to Hanyang County, became the first of the four famous towns in China, also known as "the first prosperous place in Chu". Therefore, the twin cities have evolved into three towns, and there is also a saying that "the summer of five sheep". 1898, Zhang Zhidong asked Yang Xia to divide and rule, 1899, set up Xiakou Hall from Hanyang County. Xiakou County was established in the first year of the Republic of China (19 12). However, citizens used to call Xiakou Hankou, so the name "Wuhan" naturally became the general name of the three towns, because Wuchang, Hanyang and Hankou all had a word in it.
The origin of the name of Wuhan The name of Wuchang began at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty and the beginning of the Three Kingdoms. In order to seize Jingzhou with Liu Bei, Sun Quan moved his capital from Jianye (now Nanjing) to Hubei County in 22 1 A.D., and renamed it Wuchang, which means "ruling the country by force and prospering the population". The name of Wuchang has been interchanged with that of Ezhou today. According to archaeological excavations, Wuchang is the place where the ancients lived, such as Yingtai of Fruit Lake in Neolithic Age, Laoren Bridge in Nanhu Lake, Xujiadun and Qidun in Huashan Township, Hongshan District, etc.
In the old society, the handicraft industry of dance floor was developed, mainly shipbuilding, metallurgy and coinage. The porcelain in Wuchang is called Inselaton. In addition, the most noteworthy thing in Wuchang is the repeated rise and fall of the Yellow Crane Tower, which has gone through more than ten times since the Three Kingdoms period, and each reconstruction presents a different style, reflecting the architectural styles and characteristics of different times.
The origin of Hanyang is closely related to Hanshui River. There is an old saying: "The north of the water is Yang, and Shan Zhinan is Yang". Ancient Hanyang was located in the north of Hanshui River, turtle Shan Zhinan, and was also called Yang because of the earth Yang, so it was named Hanyang.
In 606 AD, in the second year of Sui Daye, Hanjin County was changed to Hanyang County, and the name of Hanyang began. After the county government moved to Hanyang City in the Tang Dynasty, it developed rapidly.
Hanyang, especially Nautilus Island, has always been a place where merchant ships gather and distribute in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. During the Tang, Song, Yuan and Ming Dynasties, commercial handicrafts were very prosperous. At the same time, Hanyang is also a tourist attraction. Hanyang Guiyuan Temple is the best protected Buddhist jungle in Wuhan and a key cultural relic protection unit in Hubei Province.
The fortification of Wuchang and Hanyang started at the same time, about 1800 years ago.
Historically, Hankou and Hanyang developed synchronously for a long time. It was not until the tenth year of Chenghua in Ming Dynasty (AD 1474) that the Hanshui River was diverted (at least eight times in history) that Hankou developed independently, with a history of only over 500 years. Hanyang and Hankou built city walls very early and were regarded as the places ruled by counties.
Hankou has quickly become a new commercial port, and its reputation and development speed far exceed Wuchang and Hanyang. In the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties, Hankou was listed as the four famous towns in China along with Zhuxian Town in Henan, Foshan Town in Guangdong and Jingdezhen in Jiangxi, and was known as "Oriental Chicago" overseas. Hankou's port trade and transportation are quite developed, and it has become the largest inland port in China. There are scenes of "ten-mile sails near the city, and lights are on all night" (Wu Qishi) and "Jia Manyi, a resident merchant, is the first prosperous place in Chu". Can reflect its prosperity. During the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, Hankou was even more prosperous in the world, and only "salt affairs were the best in the world".
Zhang Zhidong, Governor of Huguang in the late Qing Dynasty, built the Zhang Gongdi in Hankou on 1905. This levee has lowered the water level year by year in Houhu area, made the barren lake and wild continent form land, and provided convenient conditions for the expansion of Hankou, which was originally narrow, and made an indelible historical contribution.
At the beginning of 1927, Wuhan National merged Wuchang and Hankou (under Hanyang County) as the capital and named it Wuhan. Today, Wuchang, Hankou and Hanyang make up the "Wu Hancheng" with a history of only 74 years.
What is the origin of the name "Wuhan"? Wuhan is the capital of Hubei Province, a famous historical and cultural city in China, and the economic, cultural and information center in Central China and the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. It is known as the thoroughfare of nine provinces.
It is the collective name of Wuchang, Hanyang and Hankou, namely "Three Towns of Wuhan". Wuhan has gone through a long historical process to become a unified big city.
The historical sequence of the three towns in Wuhan is that Jiangbei (Hanyang) precedes Jiangnan (Wuchang), while Hankou was only a barren land adjacent to Hanyang before the Ming Dynasty. So before the Ming Dynasty, the so-called "Wuhan" was the general name of Wuchang and Hanyang. In the Yuan Dynasty, Wuchang and Hanyang belonged to Huguang province, and Hubei (Wuchang H Han (Hanyang) was also called "Twin Cities"). Yu Que, a poet in Yuan Dynasty, called Wuchang and Hanyang "Twin Cities" in his poems, which showed the trend that Wuchang and Hanyang moved from single names to combined names.
During Chenghua period of Ming Dynasty, the Hanjiang River changed its course, gradually forming a pattern of three towns, starting from Hankou and Hanyang in the north and ending in Wuchang in the south. 192665438+In February, the temporary joint meeting of the Central Executive Committee and the National Committee decided to "establish a national capital, with Wuchang, Hankou and Hanyang as a large area as' Jingzhao District' and named Wuhan".
1927 On April 6th, Wuhan Municipal Committee was established, which was the beginning of the construction of a unified city. Later, it was divided and merged. It was not until 1949 that the people of Wuhan were formally established, and the name of "Wuhan City" remained.
The origin of Hanyang is closely related to Hanshui River. There is an old saying: "The north of the water is Yang, and Shan Zhinan is Yang". Ancient Hanyang was located in the north of Hanshui River, turtle Shan Zhinan, and was also called Yang because of the earth Yang, so it was named Hanyang.
During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, Hanyang got its name and developed gradually. Hanyang, especially Nautilus Island, has always been a place where merchant ships are distributed in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River.
During the Tang, Song, Yuan and Ming Dynasties, commercial handicrafts were very prosperous, and Guiyuan Temple, a famous Buddhist temple, was a famous tourist attraction. Historically, Hankou and Hanyang developed synchronously for a long time.
It was not until Chenghua of the Ming Dynasty that the Han River diverted from the northern foot of Guishan to the river that Hankou developed independently, with a history of only 500 years. However, the latecomers came to the fore. After independence, Hankou has rapidly developed into a new commercial port, and its reputation and development speed far exceed Wuchang and Hanyang, which have a longer history.
Wuchang was named after the end of Eastern Han Dynasty and the beginning of Three Kingdoms. In order to seize Jingzhou with Liu Bei, Sun Quan moved his capital from Jianye (now Nanjing) to Hubei County in 22 1 A.D., and renamed it Wuchang, which means "ruling the country by force and prospering the population".
The name of Wuchang is interchanged with that of Ezhou today. According to archaeological excavations, Wuchang is the place where the ancients lived, such as Yingying Terrace in Fruit Lake in Neolithic Age, Nanhu Old Man Bridge, Xujiadun and Qidun in Huashan Township, Hongshan District, etc. Wuhan is also known as Jiangcheng.
Li Bai, a great poet in the Tang Dynasty, said in the poem "Drinking with the Stone Langzhong and Listening to the Flute on the Yellow Crane Tower": "The Jade Emperor plays the piano on the Yellow Crane Tower, and plum blossoms fall into the river in May." The so-called Jiangcheng refers to Wuchang, and later Wuhan was called Jiangcheng.