Excerpt from the original:
The Warring States Period, Lezheng, "Learning Ke"
Ancient teachers have schools, the party has difficulties, the art is orderly, and state-owned learning. Admission the following year, middle-aged exam. Different from the classic year; Three-year-old professional music group; Five years teaching experience; Seven years of study and making friends is a small achievement.
I have known the class very well for nine years and stood firm and did not object. This is a great achievement. Husband is enough to change the customs, and those who are near will persuade him, and those who are far away will be pregnant. This is also the way of university. "Ji" said: "A moth puts out a fire, which can be used for reference." That's what it means!
Interpretation of vernacular:
In ancient times, schools were set up to educate students. Every 25 "Lu" schools are called "Shu", every "Party" has its own school called "East", every "Skill" has its own school called "Xu", and universities are established in the country of emperors or princes. The school enrolls students every year and tests students every other year.
In the first year, students' basic reading ability, such as sentence breaking and chapter division, is investigated, and in the third year. The fifth year examines students' ability to learn extensively and get close to teachers. In the seventh year, the students' ability to discuss academic right and wrong and identify friends was investigated. This stage of learning is called "Cheng Xiao".
In the ninth year, students can draw inferences from others and have a strong belief that they will not violate the teacher's teaching. Reaching the learning standard at this stage is called "Dacheng". Only in this way can we educate the people, change the customs, and the people around us can be completely convinced, and people far away will also submit to him. This is the purpose of teaching and educating people in universities.
The ancient book says: "People who study should study tirelessly according to the spirit of small ants holding soil and making mounds." That's the truth!
Extended data writing background:
The Book of Learning is one of the Book of Rites, which was written from the 4th century BC to the 3rd century BC. According to Guo Moruo's textual research, its author may be Ke, a student of Mencius.
Gu Shusen supported Guo Moruo's view that Xue Ji was written by Le Zhengzi, a Confucian scholar, at the end of the Warring States Period, and borrowed ideas from the school, probably by Ke, a disciple of Mencius. Gao Shiliang also agrees with this view, thinking that Xueji is a work of the Warring States period, and the specific time is in the late Warring States period.
Its author should be Ke, because Ke is Mencius' favorite pupil and deeply influenced by Mencius' thought. Secondly, Le Zhengzi also studied under Zeng Shen, "Le Zhengzi said that I had heard of Ceng Zi". Third, the original music is a scholar, and the Book of Rites says:' Music is advocating four skills and establishing four religions. The descendants of academic officials all have family origins in education. "
However, academic circles have different views on this. Some people think that it may be the work of Xun school, while others think that it is difficult to verify the author of Xueji.
Content introduction:
Xue Ji inherited the consistent thought of pre-Qin Confucianism and regarded education as the most effective means to implement political and social management. Therefore, at the beginning of Xue Ji, the purpose and function of education are discussed in the beautiful language of epigrams.
At the beginning of Xue Ji, it is pointed out that since ancient times, it is impossible for any successful ruler to govern his country by issuing laws and seeking talents. Rulers must develop social education to make people abide by social order and form good moral habits, and improve the cultural literacy and moral consciousness of all people through social education.
In addition, although people are born good, they have no education and study hard, so they can't understand the truth, let alone abide by the "king's law." It's like a beautiful jade. Although its texture is beautiful, it cannot be a beautiful musical instrument without careful carving. The ancient emperors knew this very well. In the process of building the country and ruling the people, they always attach great importance to the development of education and give priority to education.
The author of Xue Ji expounds the role of education in changing customs and building the country, and emphasizes that the purpose of education is to serve social politics, thus closely linking education with personal development and social progress, especially highlighting the political function of education and forming the outstanding characteristics of ancient education in China.