Examples of tasteful officials in the Qing Dynasty are Hualing, imperial court king, imperial court minister, minister in charge of health, provincial general, minister in charge of health, official in charge of health, and official in the Qing Dynasty. They all wear peacock feathers, and those under six can only wear brown feathers and blue feathers, also known as pheasant feathers. Among the princes and princes in the Qing Dynasty, only the Qianlong Dynasty wore Hualing. At that time, the king of Shuncheng County was named Toffee Inging. Because he became the leader of the vanguard, he begged a flower feather from Gan Long, the ancestor of the emperor. Qianlong said that the Hualing was made of Beizi, and the king would lose it if he wore it. Fu Heng, the Minister of Military Affairs, interceded on his behalf: The king of the county is young and wants to wear Hualing for fun, thinking it looks good. Gan long agreed, and at the same time gave another emperor grandson a three-eyed feather, saying that they were all grandchildren, which looked good. It can be seen that the king at that time wanted the emperor to wear hualing, not to catch up with fashion.
In the Qing dynasty, people who made outstanding contributions or were favored could only be favored by the emperor. For example, Fu Heng, Quan Xiang and Kun, Fu Kang 'an (son of Fu Heng) and so on. , all got two eyes. Moreover, it was customized in the Qing dynasty, and no foreign civil servants enjoyed the flowers. Only in the Qianlong dynasty, there was a zhili magistrate named Fang Chengguan, who was especially loved by the emperor. When Gubeikou military parade, he begged the emperor to wear Hualing. Gan Long smiled and said, "You are really a dwarf. Do you all like Hua Ling? ! "Gave it to him. Since then, foreign governors, provincial governors and other officials have often received gifts.
Among foreign military officials, you can't be given a flower feather unless you have outstanding military achievements. During the reign of Emperor Kangxi, Shi Lang, the magistrate of Fujian, recovered Taiwan Province Province, sealed the Jinghai Hou, and the descendants inherited it. Shi Lang resigned and begged the emperor to give Hua Ling. At that time, the generals and magistrates who led the troops outside had not set a precedent for Hualing. Kangxi gave Henaan Stone a special imperial edict. It can be seen that in the eyes of civil and military officials at that time, it was even more glorious to enjoy Hualing than to seal the Hou.
Because of this, later Qing civil servants paid special attention to Dai Hualing's award. In addition to military service, Hualing shall not be awarded unless he has "special merits", and the number of times shall not exceed three. In the twenty-eighth year of Daoguang (1848), due to the revision of the royal family tree "Jade Death", Zeng Qing, a tune-playing official, enjoyed the flowers and feathers, which set a precedent of "protecting feathers with other merits besides military merits". From then on, such as the emperor's "mountain mausoleum dedication", shipping matters, persuading donations, etc., all sponsored Hualing. In the early years of Guangxu, big insurance cases continued, and officials and titles were added, and all kinds of novel tricks were invincible. Those people wearing hualing walk the streets.
At this time, although the value of Hualing is not as good as before, the official department still has strict regulations on the crown service when introducing him to low-level officials from other places. If there are people with flowers and orchids, white jade is not allowed in the feather tube. If jade or jade with skin is used, it will be illegal.
By the end of the Qing dynasty, donations and flowers and feathers could be bought with money, so there was no one in the case to protect the flowers and feathers. Wu Rongyao and Pan Shicheng, foreign businessmen in Guangdong, were the first to buy Hualing with money. The two men each donated hundreds of thousands of gold, and the court was unable to reward them, so they made an exception and rewarded them with Hualing for a period of time. Later, in the Opium War, there were examples of feather donation: Henaan had 12,000 silver for each branch and 5,200 green feathers; And give discounts according to the projects of donation officials. In this way, less money is donated and more people donate feathers. Xianfeng nine years (1859) changed to real silver. No discount: it costs 7.2 thousand yuan and the blue one costs 4.2 thousand yuan. Later, each flower feather can be donated only by 200 yuan. This is the end of the Hualing system in the Qing Dynasty. Understanding the history of the rise and fall of Hualing is very beneficial to collectors today.
In the heyday of the Qing Dynasty, when Hualing prevailed, the value of Lingguan decorated with feathers and crowns was also high. The quill tube is as thick as a cigarette tube, two inches long and cylindrical. The main end has a nose, the lower it is, the more hollow it is, and the lower end is as hollow as a cigarette holder. Zi Ling was thus inserted. After wearing the crown hat, the feathers hang down behind the head.
Except for low-ranking officials, only rubies are allowed in the feather tube. Feather tubes worn by civil and military officials are all made of all kinds of precious stones, ivory or glass, among which jade feather tubes are the most fashionable and popular, with the highest value at that time and the highest collection value now. Yung Yung is wearing a jade tube with flower feathers, which is beautiful in gfd. From the outside, it was a kind of jade tube called "glass jade", which was worth thirteen thousand gold at that time. Generally speaking, the jade thorn of a high official is seven or eight thousand silver. At that time, some Beijing officials in Qingshui yamen wore flowers on their heads, and some were worth two or three taels of silver.
Since Lingguan is a symbol of honor, status and wealth, the driller will naturally work hard on this small fishing. In Qing Dynasty, the officialdom gave gifts seriously, and a kind of "Ban Ling one set" gifts prevailed. That is, in a gift box, there is an emerald finger and an emerald quill pen. At the end of Guangxu, Fu Cha Dunchong recorded in Yanjing Time that Jingbo Factory was "the most respected jade among red goods, and it was worth millions". "Banzhi" is also written as "Banzhi" and worn on the thumb for archery. It is also one of the fashion decorations of the upper class in Qing Dynasty. Tens of thousands of silver gifts were sent up in a small gift box. When human feelings arrive, your official position will be guaranteed.
In the past, Manchu people often wore a small hat called "Guapi hat". Guapi hat, also known as "hat head", is made up of six petals, with a sharp top and a wide bottom. The bottom edge is inlaid with a small eaves about 3 cm wide, and some even have no eaves, only wrapped in a piece of brocade. Generally, melanin satin is used to make noodles in winter and spring, and black solid yarn is used to make noodles in summer and autumn. The top of the hat is decorated with a velvet knot, which is different from black and red. It is commonly known as the "pearl knot" and there is a "sign" nailed in the middle below the brim, which is called "hat". There are pearls, agates, small pieces of silver and glass. According to legend, this kind of hat first began in the period of Zhu Yuanzhang, Emperor Taizu of Ming Dynasty. Because it is a six-petal suture, it means "six in one", that is, the four sides of heaven and earth are "one", so it is popular. After the Manchu entered the customs, influenced by the Han culture, they also took the meaning of "Liuhe unification" and began to wear this kind of hat, which was quite popular. Now, we can still often see its shadow in TV and TV dramas about the Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China.