The Cultural Value of Literary History
Taking Confucius' poems, changes and temperament as examples, we can see the cultural classic value of these Chu bamboo books in the Warring States period. On Confucius' Poetry is a lost article of pre-Qin Confucianism, and it is a disciple's memory of Confucius' poetry. It can be published in the same volume as Zi Lamb and Drought in Lubang. Confucius' poetics includes general theory and sub-theory. Formally, there are five bamboo slips at the beginning of the introduction, with blank spaces at the top and bottom. The content is to express the aspirations, feelings and words necessary for poetry, music and writing, and to discuss litigation, heroes and national customs. Although the bamboo slips in Xiao Xia are separate, we can judge from the literal meaning and other bamboo slips. Taking several poems as a unit, this paper briefly, deeply and repeatedly expounds each poem, and explains the meaning of the poem with one theory, another theory or even three theories, thus deepening the in-depth understanding of the poem. The combination order of poems in this edition is unknown, which provides direct and reliable evidence for researchers to further understand and study the contents of poems. Confucius put forward three normative arguments: "Poetry is inseparable from ambition, happiness is inseparable from feelings, and writing is inseparable from words". The expression "Poetry cannot be divorced from ambition" is more interesting in literary language than the expression "Poetry expresses ambition" in Preface to Poetry. Poets must have their own intentions, which proves that in certain political occasions and etiquette, the ancients wrote poems to show the attitude of the intoner and the relationship between music and emotion, literature and words, as recorded in ancient books such as Zuo Zhuan. Confucius' Poetics is an important Confucian classic, which will have a great influence in the history of China literature.
The Cultural Value of Confucian Literature
Hook clothes are different from those handed down from the bamboo slips of Guodian Chu Tomb and those of Li Ji. The content of "justice and reason" is to be loyal to the monarch and love the people, respect honesty, be cautious in words and deeds, and advocate the ideal education of "punishment without trial and people without salt" This is a book about Confucianism, and its basic content is also found in the handed down book "Etiquette", which is considered to be written by Gong Sunzilong or Zi Sizi. The content of the chapter Gou Yi is basically the same as that of the bamboo slips Gou Yi in Guodian Chu Tomb, but it is different from the current edition, such as different chapters, different chapter sequences and different quotations. Some contents and characters in this edition were invented by Han people, and many modifications and supplements were made, and their characteristics have changed. The appearance of Shui Yi enables researchers to see the true appearance of Shui Yi, which is a reliable historical document. There are many works in Yi Yi, and the poems cited are related to elegance, elegance and elegance, and the books cited are related to Yin Patent, Junya, Lu Punishment, Jun Kui.
The Cultural Value of Grammatical Style
The Theory of Temperament is a lost article of pre-Qin thinkers. This paper puts forward the relationship between destiny, the essence of life, temperament and emotion starting from Tao from a macro perspective, focuses on the concepts and characteristics of "sex", "emotion" and "Tao", and puts forward the theory of derivative relationship between them. The full text has a clear point of view and a rigorous structure. The "sex" mentioned in this article refers to "humanity", humanity. It simply points out that "sex can be learned", notes the relationship between sex and learning, clarifies the variability of human nature, and holds that the change of human nature lies in "different intentions and different teaching". Because of different starting points, different guiding ideology, different education, the change of human nature is also different. Dialectically speaking, the theory of temperament puts forward that the formation of human nature is based on constancy, "learn before drinking" This paper expounds seven methods to change human nature, and puts forward relevant theories and concepts in human moral cultivation, ethics and music education. "Emotion" comes from "sex", and the theory of temperament puts forward the principles of seven loves, five understandings and three evils of human feelings. "On Temperament" clarifies that "Tao" is human nature, and human nature is based on ceremony, and puts forward that people's moral behavior can be guided by "four techniques", namely poetry, calligraphy, ceremony and music. Ink marks such as ink nails, ink knots and ink hooks in the theory of temperament enable researchers to see the structural prototypes of characters, words, sentences and chapters used in the Warring States period, and provide reliable original materials for researchers to study grammar and style at that time. The discovery, protection, collation and research of Chu bamboo slips in the Warring States period are of great value in many disciplines and fields, which holographically embodies multiple cultural and academic significance. The large number of bamboo slips in the Warring States period, the wide range of fields, the large number of books involved and the early submission of versions are all praised as beautiful talks. There are more than 200 bamboo slips/kloc-0, with a total of 35,000 words, accounting for a large proportion of unearthed bamboo slips. The contents of Chu Zhushu involve philosophy, literature, history, religion, military affairs, education, political theory, music, philology and so on. The first point of many classic arguments will have a far-reaching impact on the history of philosophy, thought, literature, education and music. These bamboo slips of Chu in the Warring States were buried in the tombs of nobles before Chu moved its capital to Ying, earlier than Qin Shihuang's "burning books to bury Confucianism", in which Confucianism is the main category, as well as Taoism, military strategists, Yin and Yang families and so on. Bamboo slips are an important cultural heritage in the history of calligraphy art, and their cultural value is self-evident. Including a few copies, there are nearly 100 kinds of Chu bamboo books, among which less than 10 kinds can be compared with the ancient books of pre-Qin, which shows the unique significance and great value of these Chu bamboo books.
Study Taoism
There is no doubt that the ancient version of Chu bamboo books in the Warring States Period is "early". Zhouyi, a bamboo book, is the earliest one so far. Zhouyi involves 35 hexagrams. The six symbols of red and black in bamboo slips reflect the Yi-ology theory of yin-yang transformation and mutual causality. The bamboo book Hengxian is a rare Taoist document, and the whole book is well preserved. This is rare in the history of bamboo slips discovery. The title was named by people at that time. This paper discusses the Taoist theory of emptiness and quietness and puts forward the origin of heaven and earth. Taoism's cosmological theory occupies an important position in the history of China's philosophy. The third Jane has the title "Hengxian County" on the back. The discovery and arrangement of the bamboo book Hengxian occupies an important position in the study of Taoism.
Study pre-Qin music
Chu Zhushu is also of special significance to the decryption of pre-Qin music. In the article "Poems and Music of Chu Bamboo Slips in Warring States", Ma Chengyuan talked about the books on pre-Qin music in Chu bamboo slips —— Confucius' Poetics, Poems and Music, and several poems that are not seen in Shi Mao. Ma Chengyuan pointed out: Poetry is an integral part of music, and poetry is the writing of music. The "poetic music" in Zhu Zhu's books is a remnant. Found seven bamboo slips, correctly copied the titles of various poems, and played songs and sang poems at various pitches. There is a title that says people, and the same title can be found in Feng Wei, Shi Mao. Ancient poems have the same title but different contents, so it is impossible to judge whether the masters in bamboo slips are the same as them, but there is no problem as the title of poems. Some of the other 40 poems are similar to other titles of Shi Mao, and they should all be the titles of 305 poems, which have been unknown for more than 2000 years. What's even more peculiar is that one or more articles in the group are preceded by a specific sound name, which is pitch. Pitch names consist of two words. One is fame, that is, the name of five tones. Among them, there are four kinds of phonetic or rank names: Gong, Shang, Zheng and Yu, followed by renaming, including Mu, He and Luan. Among them, Mu Hehe's name can be found in the chime of Zeng Houyi, and Mu Shang's name can be found in the bronze bell of the king of Chu. Whether these nine names are all related to Chu's music names remains to be verified, but they can be said to be popular names of poems and songs in Chu, because poems and songs may be local or imported from other places. These phonetic names on bamboo slips are unprecedented important discoveries. It can be seen that each poem has its own specific pitch, and it is not possible to sing in any tone at will. From this point, we can also infer the maturity of music and the standardization of tunes in the era of The Book of Songs.
Study the warring States script
The discovery and arrangement of Chu bamboo slips in the Warring States period is also of philological significance. The lost writings of some pre-Qin thinkers further reveal the laws of universality, borrowing, writing and formality of the Warring States script, which is beneficial to the study of the development history of the script. By comparing with Guodian bamboo slips and biographies, experts and scholars can understand the general situation and routine situation of the characters in the Warring States period, as well as the changes of the characters, which is of direct help to interpret the documents of the Warring States period. At the same time, it also provides reliable literature for the study of the six-nation script and Chu dialect. The discovery and arrangement of Chu bamboo slips in the Warring States period also provided valuable documents different from biographies. The Book of Songs is the first collection of poems in the history of China. The order of the Book of Songs handed down from generation to generation is national style, Xiaoya, elegance and praise. The bamboo book On Confucius' Poems has the opposite order, which is called Litigation Fu, Summer in Summer, Ya Tong, Xiao Xia and Bang Feng. In order to avoid Liu Bang, the word "bang" was changed to "country". The order in The Preface to Poetry is also contrary to the grand order handed down from generation to generation in The Book of Songs. Many poems use different words handed down from the Book of Songs. The preface to The Book of Songs handed down from ancient times in the bamboo slips Confucius' Poetics does not satirize and praise beauty.
The discovery and arrangement of bamboo books in the Warring States period provided solid and reliable physical evidence for understanding the version system of bamboo books in the Warring States period and studying the book history of China. The shortest size of Chu bamboo slips in the Warring States Period is 23.8 cm, and the longest size is 57.2 cm, among which there are several versions with different sizes. Each container is about 0.6 cm wide and 0. 1 cm thick to 0. 14 cm. There are two ropes and three ropes. Generally, long bamboo slips are mostly three ropes. This braided rope is made of silk. Due to the softening of buried bamboo slips and the accumulation of strata, the braided rope generally left behind has been embedded with bamboo meat. There is a notch on the right side of the bamboo slip, which is used to fix the braided rope. Each seam has a knotted knot to keep it up and down, left and right, which is convenient for unwinding and winding.