Major achievements
Reuse value
During the reign of Xiaozong, he was diligent in political affairs and selected good ministers. At that time, Xu Kun, Liu Jian, Li Dongyang, Xie Qian, Wang Shu, Ma Wensheng and others (including Liu Daxia and Yang Yiqing later) were honest and clean ministers who played a great role in Hongzhi. Filial piety often calls cabinet ministers to Wenhua Hall, so that everyone can discuss the minister's chapter, write a batch of words, and then correct and issue them themselves. Therefore, Li Dongyang, the cabinet minister, said happily: "For more than 30 years since Tianshun, the emperor summoned the minister and asked only one or two words. Now he has repeatedly asked questions and discussed them in detail. This is unprecedented!" In the thirteenth year of Hongzhi (1500), Liu Jian, a university student, said that it was dark the day after the separation of the late dynasty, and the documents sent from all over the country were often piled up in cabinets, so it was too late to deal with them. If there are disasters in all directions, alarms and other things in all directions, there will be delays. Therefore, Xiaozong specially convened relevant ministers to discuss on the platform twice every day, except in the morning and evening. Since then, there has been a new way of "platform summons".
Eradicate betrayal
After Emperor Xiaozong of Ming Dynasty ascended the throne, he tried to reverse the political corruption of Xianzong, expel his henchmen, arrest Li Zisheng and Liang Fang, assistant ministers, and get rid of his henchmen. Dismantle and eliminate officials, recall more than 1000 people, such as Ren Jie and assistant minister Jigang, and punish their crimes. Remove the titles of king of France, Buddha, Buddha, real person, etc. Execute the demon monk Ji Xiao. Appoint talents and promote Xu Pu, Liu Jian, Li Dongyang and Xie Qian to participate in confidential affairs.
Be generous to my ministers.
Filial piety is generous and peaceful to liegeman. In the early generation, filial piety served as a royal gate, and the minister said something and played it from the left and right corridors. Some ministers slipped on the ground and lost their manners. Filial piety never asks questions, nor does he correct mistakes in his notes. After the banquet, he also comforted the officials for their mistakes, lest they panic. One winter, Xiao Zong was sitting in the palace at night, feeling cold, and asked the officials around him, "Are there any officials on their way home now?" The left and right answers: "Yes." He added, "It's cold and dark here. If you are a poor official and come home without a light, what can you do? " Then the imperial edict issued, ordering officials in Beijing to come back at night in the future, regardless of their positions, to order the troops to spread out and carry lights. Although these things are not big, it is not easy for a feudal emperor to be so obedient.
Practice diligence and thrift
Filial piety can also be frugal in life. In the first year of Hongzhi (1488), Lu, North Korea's envoy to the Ming Dynasty, once said to korean king, "The first emperor (Xianzong) used his personal meaning, but now the emperor (Xiaozong) has made a righteous annotation. I don't like playing with things. Although Melissa Zhou didn't waste the court meeting, all the court ministers mourned, but I sacrificed to heaven in yellow robes, and I didn't play music or juggle at the comfort banquet, so I advised the bed to put flowers instead of hairpin. Generally speaking, the first emperor abused everything. " Xianzong liked to wear fine red cloth clothes made by Songjiang Prefecture before his death, and sent thousands more horses there every year. Although this kind of fabric is called cloth, it is actually made of fine wool. Xiaozong was still a prince at that time, and the chamberlain sent him new clothes. He said: "The clothes sewn with this cloth are worth several brocade forged clothes. It is too wasteful to wear it. " Thank you for not using it. When he became emperor, he ordered to stop weaving this kind of cloth for the palace.
marry
Xiaozong experienced ups and downs since he was a child, and he had a narrow escape. So after he acceded to the throne, he was clean and wise, especially in his private life. Throughout his life, there is only one queen Zhang, and there are no other concubines. Xiaowen and Queen Zhang are friends in need and loving couples. They must sleep together every day, reading poetry and painting, listening to the piano and watching dance, talking about the past and discussing the present, and taking photos with * * * *. This casual move has created a special record through the ages, and it is also one of the evidences of Zhu Youtang as a wise king.
Recover rivers and mountains
In addition, in martial arts, filial piety has also made achievements. He defeated Turpan, recovered the land west of Jiayuguan and managed Hami. Xiaozong also built the Great Wall to resist Mongolia. Due to filial piety, the phenomenon of eunuch's disorderly administration was weakened, and some measures were taken to develop the economy and save the crisis to ease social contradictions, resulting in a relatively stable period, rapid social and economic development and clear politics. History is called "Hongzhi Zhongxing".
Abolish harsh laws
Emperor Xiaozong of Ming Dynasty attached great importance to the administration of justice. He ordered all departments in the world to impose heavy sentences and carefully examine criminal cases. In the 13th year of Hongzhi (1500), the Regulations on Asking for Punishment was formulated. In the fifteenth year of Hongzhi (1502), it was compiled as "Da Ming Hui Dian".
Reduce corvee and tax.
Reduce or exempt the supply of materials, and save various expenses. Filial piety is diligent in political affairs and has repeatedly reduced or exempted grain taxes in disaster areas. It is forbidden for courtiers to ask about official business, and it is forbidden for imperial clan and officials to occupy land and the interests of the people. At the same time, reduce taxes in disaster areas, build water conservancy projects, and develop agriculture and mulberry.
Economic achievements
In the Ming Dynasty, the national tax revenue reached its peak in Hongwu, Yongle and Xuande. During the orthodox period, due to the change of official land in Jiangnan to private land, the tax revenue dropped sharply to more than 26 million mangoku. Since then, Jingtai, Tianshun and Chenghua have been hovering between 25 million and 26 million stones.
However, Hongzhi dynasty increased to 27 million stones, which became the peak in the middle of Ming Dynasty. In fact, this is not only an increase in taxes, but also a steady increase in population. From the first year of Hongzhi (1488) to the eighth year of Hongzhi (1495), the number of households increased from 9 1 13630 to 100279. In the 14th year of Hongzhi (150 1), the number of households increased to 1040883 1, and in the 17th year of Hongzhi (1504), the number of households reached 10508935, which was higher than that in the first year of Hongzhi.
Harnessing the Yellow River
In the second year of Hongzhi (1489), the Yellow River burst in Kaifeng, and Xiao Zong ordered Bai Anling, the left assistant minister of the household department, to repair it with 250,000 people. In the sixth year of Hongzhi (1493), the Yellow River burst its banks in Zhangqiu and entered the sea from Wenshui, but it was lost in water transportation. Xiaozong, on the advice of courtiers, ordered Liu Daxia, the left envoy of Zhejiang Province, to govern the Yellow River. After two years of management, the Yellow River flows eastward from Kaifeng, not from Shandong to Bohai, but to the southeast, passing through Xuzhou, from Hongze Lake north to Huaihe River, and from Huaihe River to Yellow Sea. The 360-mile-long levee was built, which basically curbed the flood of the Yellow River, and there were no serious patients up and down the Caohe River for more than 20 years. In the fifth year of Hongzhi (1492), Susong River was silted and flooded. Xiao Zong ordered Guan Xu, assistant minister of the Ministry of Industry, to preside over the governance, which took nearly three years to complete. Since then, Susong has eliminated floods and once again become a land of plenty.
abstract
During the reign of Zhu Shitang, Emperor Xiaozong of the Ming Dynasty, 18 years, he was a clean official, appointed virtuous officials, restrained bureaucrats, worked diligently and loved the people, advocated economy, and shared weal and woe with the people, which was a rare peaceful period in the history of the Ming Dynasty.
Edit this paragraph Hongzhi Zhongxing
In the spring of the 23rd year of Chenghua (1487), Wan Guifei died of illness, and Xianzong died of grief in August. Prince Zhu Shitang succeeded to the throne on September 1. In the second year, for the sake of Emperor Xiaozong, the country name was changed to "Hongzhi". At the beginning of Xiaozong's accession to the throne, he began to reform the shortcomings. At first, his energy mainly focused on the personnel arrangement of important officials in the court. After these problems were basically solved, he began to pay attention to the management of internal and external troubles. In the first year of Hongzhi (1488), on the advice of the minister, banquets of all sizes were held. This system was formulated in the early years of orthodoxy, and a big banquet was held on the 2nd, 12th and 22nd of each month, which was mainly a kind of etiquette. Xiaojing banquet, also known as Japanese lecture, is an important way to answer questions informally and calmly between the monarch and the minister and assist the government. The system of large and small banquets was abolished in the Xianzong Dynasty. Xiaozong began to insist on speaking Japanese, and at the same time, besides the early dynasty, he set up an afternoon dynasty, which visited twice a day and accepted Chen's official duties. Xiao Zong's diligent way of governing the country is in sharp contrast with his father's laziness in state affairs. Due to the determination of filial piety, hundreds of civil and military officials in the imperial court spoke one after another, complaining about the shortcomings of the times or expanding their own strategies. Marvin's fifteen things of promotion to politics, including selecting talents, prohibiting corruption, punishing prison, saving expenses, caring for scholars, saving expenses, caring for four generations, improving military equipment, etc., have been greatly appreciated by Xiao Wen and put into practice one by one, which has played a positive role in promoting and eliminating disadvantages in Hong Zhichao.
During the Chenghua period, Xianzong was biased towards Buddhism and Taoism, which led to many unfortunate villains mixing into the DPRK. Plum province is one of the representatives. He was favored by the emperor for his magical power and sexual skills, and then colluded with eunuch Liang Fang to corrupt the state affairs, hit loyal ministers and foster cronies, which was the first great harm of the court at that time. Xiao zong arrested two people immediately after he acceded to the throne, which made the civil and military officials celebrate each other. Then, Emperor Xiaozong began to rectify the bureaucracy and replace all officials in Chenghua who made a fortune through bribery and flattery. The reform began with the cabinet, and the "paper-pasted three-cabinet old man" headed by Qi Wanan, a foreigner, was removed. At the same time, Xiaozong used a large number of honest and talented people. During the Chenghua period, officials such as Wang Shu, Wynn and Ma Wensheng were demoted for being outspoken. Xu Pu, Liu Jian, Xie Qian, Li Dongyang and other sages. In order to build a palace in Qian, the palace is new, which is called the order of the Qing Dynasty. Before Wan 'an was demoted, people didn't know much about filial piety. I only know that he is the son of a humble imperial secretary who was born in a cold palace. Later, although he was admitted by Xian Zong, he was always jealous of Wan Guifei, and even at the end of Chenghua, he was in danger of being abolished. So when this 17-year-old boy ascended the throne, I'm afraid there was some sympathy besides the support of some honest ministers. His life as a prince is really hard. However, people soon had to sit up and take notice of the young emperor, reprimanding the virtuous administration in the early stage of Hongzhi, and giving a stimulant to the chaotic court in the late stage of Chenghua, which gave the Ming Dynasty hope of revival. Moreover, the emperor was surprisingly generous and kind, and even showed great tolerance to the Wan Guifei family who persecuted his biological mother. As for Wan Guifei herself, I didn't listen to my liegeman's advice and cut off my contacts with her. All this is out of a filial piety, filial piety to father and emperor, upholding tradition, giving priority to forgiveness and putting loyalty and filial piety first. It is for this reason that he was named filial piety after his death. Including filial piety, the most important political measure is to vigorously build water conservancy, develop agriculture and prosper the economy. In the second year of Hongzhi (1489), in May, the Yellow River burst in Kaifeng, and Xiaozong ordered Bai Anling, the left assistant minister of the household department, to repair 50,000 people. In the fifth year of Hongzhi (1492), Susong River was silted and flooded. Xiao Zong ordered Guan Xu, assistant minister of the Ministry of Industry, to preside over the governance, which took nearly three years to complete. Since then, Susong has eliminated floods and once again become a land of plenty. In view of the lessons of the autocratic power and chaotic politics of the eunuchs in the previous dynasty, Xiaozong strictly controlled the eunuchs, while Dongchang and Wei Jinyi dared not act arbitrarily again, so they could only keep their jobs. Therefore, several commanders of the Royal Guards are generally fair in law and lenient in punishment. This is a rare phenomenon in other dynasties in the middle and late Ming Dynasty. Filial piety strives to be frugal, decreed to reduce the expenses and sacrifices of the court, not to build large buildings, and advocated saving expenses and reducing the burden on the people. He issued many imperial edicts, forbidding imperial clan, honor and honor to occupy people's land and kill people; I have also sent letters many times to reduce summer and autumn taxes in some places. These are very conducive to easing social contradictions and social crises. During the period of orthodoxy and Chenghua, peasant uprisings continued, and the momentum was quite strong several times, but there was almost no large-scale peasant uprising in Hongzhi. Due to the ups and downs of childhood life, Xiaozong has been weak and sick. However, filial piety is diligent in political affairs. Not only did they come to the early dynasty every day, but they also reopened the afternoon dynasty, giving ministers more opportunities to assist the emperor in handling government affairs. At the same time, a banquet was held again to give lectures, and ministers were asked for advice on how to govern the country. Xiaozong also set up Wenhua Hall to discuss politics. Its function was to discuss the way of governing the country and political affairs with the cabinet in the leisure time of the morning and afternoon dynasties. Emperor Xiaozong's diligence finally paid off. Hongzhi Dynasty was a peaceful period when the economy was prosperous and the people lived and worked in peace and contentment. At that time, the officials were clean, the sages were appointed, the bureaucrats were restrained, the government was diligent, the economy was advocated and the people had a rest. Known by historians as "Hongzhi Zhongxing". Filial piety is "diligence and thrift, diligence and love for the people", which may have a positive meaning. However, compared with the previous dynasty, the political affairs in Hongzhi period were indeed clear.
During the Hongzhi period, Xiaozong vigorously cleaned up the imperial platform, reformed the bad politics, exiled the traitors in the DPRK, reused the wise men, solved the grievances for Yu Qian, reduced taxes, stopped levying corvees, built water conservancy projects, developed agriculture and prospered the economy, thus forming a good situation of "Hongzhi rejuvenating the country". During the reign of Xiaozong, he "reformed ordinary politics and opened the door wide", which changed the situation of treacherous court officials in power since Yingzong. The History of the Ming Dynasty compiled by the Qing people is known as the "Commander of Zhongxing", which often belittles Ming Chengzu with historical writing, but the description of filial piety is "respecting benevolent government, diligent government and loving the people". Due to the efforts of filial piety, the Ming Dynasty was politically clear, economically prosperous, the people were rich and the world was well-off. It is called "Hongzhi Zhongxing". Li Guang, the eunuch, found favor at the end of the year, but immediately turned over a new leaf. Historians of past dynasties spoke highly of him. Zhu Guozhen said: "Under three generations, sages were called Emperor Wen of Han Dynasty, Song Renzong, and filial piety of Ming Dynasty." Filial piety is as talented as Mao He.