1. The Book of Songs is the earliest collection of poems in China. Originally, it was only called The Book of Songs, one of the Confucian classics, so it was called The Book of Songs. It was compiled in the Spring and Autumn Period of the 6th century BC, with 305 articles, which were divided into three categories: wind, elegance and ode. "Wind" national wind 15, mostly folk songs; "Elegance" is divided into elegance and vulgarity, which is the lyrics of court music; "Fu" is divided into Zhou Fu, Lu Fu and Shang Fu, and it is a music song for offering sacrifices to ancestral temples. Feng Wei in The Book of Songs? Self-preservation ","Qin Feng? Naked, hurricane? Jing Nv was selected as the teaching material.
2. Zuo Zhuan is the first chronological work with detailed narrative in China, and it is said that it was written by Zuo Qiuming, a historian of Lu at the end of the Spring and Autumn Period. Spring and Autumn Annals is a history of Lu revised by Confucius, which mainly records some political, economic, military, diplomatic and cultural events in various countries in the early years of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty. It is a precious document to study the pre-Qin history of China and an excellent prose work. Among them, "When the Candle Struggles Back to Qin" was selected as the teaching material.
3. Guoyu is the earliest national history book in China, which records the historical facts of Zhou, Lu, Qi, Jin, Zheng, Chu, wuyue and other countries from 12 years (990 BC) to 16 years (453 BC). The excerpt from "Goujian Destroying Wu" is here.
4. The Warring States Policy is a book that records the history of the Western Zhou Dynasty, the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, Qin, Qi, Chu, Zhao, Wei, Han, Yan, Song, Wei and Zhongshan, and mainly records the struggles of strategists and strategists during the Warring States period and related suggestions or remarks. Among them, "Zou Ji satirizes the King of Qi" and "Touching the Dragon and Saying Zhao" were selected as textbooks.
The Analects of Confucius is a book that records the words and deeds of Confucius, a great thinker in the late Spring and Autumn Period, and his disciples. Judging from the title and tone of the record, it was written by Confucius disciples (including re-disciples) according to their own memories or legends. There are 20 books, one of which includes several chapters, covering politics, education, literature, philosophy and ways of life. The Analects of Confucius is the most important Confucian classic. Among them, Luz, Ceng Yong, You Ran and Gong Xihua were selected as textbooks.
6. Mencius is a book that records the words and deeds of Mencius, a thinker in the Warring States Period, and was compiled by Mencius and his disciples. Mencius consists of seven articles, covering political activities, political theory, philosophy, ethics and educational thoughts. It is one of the classic works of Confucianism. I am for the country, the story of Qi Huan's literary works, Bao Zhuang met with Mencius, and Mencius met with Liang Xiangwang and was selected as a textbook.
Mencius (372-289 BC), whose name was Ke, was; Zou was a representative of Confucianism in the Warring States Period. Mencius hoped that the rulers at that time would have the heart of "forbearing others", be able to "care for the people" and "have fun with the people" and implement benevolent policies.
7. Zhuangzi was written by Zhuang Zhou (about 369-286 BC), a thinker in the mid-Warring States period, his disciples and later scholars. There are 33 articles, including 7 internal articles, 5 external articles1and miscellaneous articles 1 1. Free Travel (excerpt) was selected as the teaching material.
8. The Songs of Chu is a collection of poems by Qu Yuan, Song Yu and others during the Warring States Period, edited by Liu Xiang in the Western Han Dynasty and written by Wang Yi in the Eastern Han Dynasty (analysis of ancient books). These poems describe the local customs of Chu with the poetic style and dialect rhyme of Chu Ci, which has a strong local color, hence the name Chu Ci. Later generations therefore called this poetic style "Chu Ci Style" or "Sao Style". Qu Yuan (about 340-278 BC), whose real name is Ping, has the original word. During the Warring States Period, Chu people, Zuotu people, doctors in San Lv. Qu Yuan's Li Sao (excerpt) was selected as the teaching material.
9. Xunzi was written by Xun Kuang (3 13- 238 BC), a thinker at the end of the Warring States Period. A small part was written by his disciples, and there are 32 existing articles. Encourage learning was selected as the teaching material.
10. Jia Yi (former 200- former 168) was a political commentator and writer from Luoyang, Western Han Dynasty. Author of "New Book", among which "On Qin" was selected as the teaching material.
1 1. Historical Records is the first biographical general history of China. This book records the history of more than 3,000 years from the Yellow Emperor to the early years of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. This book is divided into biographies of emperors (12), biographies of aristocratic families (30) and biographies of people other than emperors and princes (70), with the general history as the thread and the evolution of the system of eight secrets, ten tables and 130 articles as the clue. Historical Records is not only a great historical work, but also a great literary work. "Historians never sing, Li Sao has no rhyme" is Mr. Lu Xun's lofty evaluation of Historical Records. Among them, The Hongmen Banquet, Biographies of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru, Biographies of Qu Yuan and Xinlingjun Stole Symbols to Save Zhao were selected as textbooks.
Sima Qian, the author of Historical Records (about 145-? ), Zi Zichang, a native of Han Dynasty, is a famous historian and writer in China. His work Bao Ren An Shu was also selected as a textbook.
12. Nineteen Ancient Poems is a collection of poems written by a group of people at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, which was first seen in the Selected Works of Xiao Tong in Nanliang. This 19 poem has no title, but generally takes the first sentence of each poem as the title. Poetry shows the turbulent and dark social life, and expresses the sorrow for fate and life. Liu Xie's Wen Xin Diao Long called it "the crown of five words", while Zhong Rong's poems praised it as "flawless and golden". Among them, Far Morning Altar was selected as the teaching material.
13. Cao Cao (155-220), also known as Meng De, was a famous politician, strategist and poet in the Three Kingdoms period. The poem "A Short Song Line" was selected into the textbook.
14. Cao Zhi (192-232), Zi Zijian, the third son of Cao Cao. In troubled times, he was famous for his ambition of "governing the country and benefiting the people" and establishing his country and career. Later, Cao Pi, the younger brother who proclaimed himself emperor, was framed by jealousy and died of grief and indignation. The poem "White Horse" (also known as "Ranger") was selected as a textbook.
15. Wang Xizhi (32 1-379), a native of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, is good at calligraphy and is known as the "book saint". Because he is a general of the right-wing army, he is called Wang Youjun. There is Preface to Lanting Collection, also known as Preface to Lanting in calligraphy.
16. Tao Qian (365-427), a great poet in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, was brilliant and had a distinctive personality, and was known as "Mr. Jing". Prose "Gui Qu Lai Xi Ci" and poem "Gui Yuan" were selected as textbooks.
17. The peacock flies southeast, edited by Southern Dynasties and Song Xuling, was selected as the teaching material.
18. Wei Zhi (580-643), whose real name is Xuancheng, was once an admonisher in the early Tang Dynasty and Zuo Guanglu, whose name was Zheng Guogong, and was famous for his daring to speak and remonstrate. The work "Ten Thoughts on Emperor Taizong" was selected as a textbook.
19. Wang Bo (649—675), Zi Zi 'an, was a writer in the early Tang Dynasty. His works were included in Wang Zi 'an Library, and Preface to Wang Teng-ting was selected as the teaching material.
20. Li Bai (70 1-762), whose real name is Taibai, was called "Poet Fairy" by later generations. His poems have a positive romantic spirit. His seven-character quatrains, together with Wang Changling's seven-character quatrains, were later praised as the representative works of the Tang Dynasty. His poems have distinct artistic personality: explosive lyricism, unpredictable imagination and vivid images. Poems such as "Climbing Mount Tianmu in a Dream", "Yue revisiting the ancient times", "Difficult Road to Shu" and "Walking into Wine" were selected as textbooks.