PS: please do not reprint
Nepal uses Dionysus and Apollo to compare two ways of human artistic activities.
One is Apollo's rationality of "going to the world and pursuing success", and the other is Dionysus' emotion of "going to the heart and seeking transcendence"; In terms of learning, it is almost impossible to have the latter's leisure time because of the special educational environment in China. Parents send their children to school. In addition to the needs of super-first-tier cities to make children's future lives colorful, more groups believe that the purpose of children's study is to find a good job and get a better salary. In short, it is success.
Think about how much your parents care about what you have learned. Along the way, "have you crossed a line? Can I report 2 1 1 985? Do you want to try the civil service exam? " I heard that being a lawyer pays well, or have you passed the judicial examination? You see, all the children in the neighborhood have gone abroad to study Ivy League. . . "They only focus on success itself, and learning is just a means.
In this case, you can't appreciate the fun from learning itself, that is, the fun of being born. The competitive environment is too fierce, and seeking the competitive pleasure of Apollo has become a common choice for China people to learn (the popularity of various books on the market that teach you three days of success is a side manifestation), which constitutes the following basic logic of "how to find fun outside of learning and instrumentalize (exam-oriented education) learning."
After all, it is common to regard success as an end and study as a means. For many people, food and clothing is a must, or a "winner" in a sense. Perhaps learning itself is an end in the end.
Use this stage of learning as a tool. With this in mind, let's go on.
The original answer: the word "forced" is well used, because learning is indeed forced, and a sense of accomplishment comes from forcing yourself.
Because you force yourself to study, you can get more rewards than your own efforts-as a rational person, you may really learn from your heart and drive yourself.
The incentive point of learning comes from outside of learning-better than others, commonly known as pretending to be forced.
Few people can stimulate their interest in learning simply from knowledge itself, especially in the face of difficult knowledge. As great as Newton, I think it is partly because of knowledge itself and partly because I feel that I am out of the coolness of ordinary tacky people and study hard. This is an attitude of the intellectual aristocracy, which can also be seen from the TOP 10 college students.
Rich and powerful. . This kind of knowledge can't be transformed immediately, but generally speaking, people with a good education will not have a low class and a high class mobility (that is, they can change the current class through their own struggle)-this in itself constitutes an important reason why the society worships "Yang Chun Bai Xue" and despises "Xialiba people".
From elementary school to university, teachers are pursuing, classmates envy, school scholarships, company promotions ... Lian Zhihu, have you seen that "blue V"? That's an exclusive reward for the doctor.
Whether you study well or not directly affects the distinction between people-just like the meaning of luxury goods is the same, the education level, knowledge level and origin (famous schools) are all better than luxury goods 100 times. (Therefore, it is of course important to be admitted to a prestigious school as a lifelong label and a lifelong positive incentive. )
People who have never understood this kind of welfare will not learn it. Just as people who are tired of learning at the beginning of primary school, despised by teachers and bullied by classmates generally lose all interest in learning, and it is difficult to become self-driven people all their lives. And those who are more famous schools, because they got something other than learning when they were young-appreciation and admiration, and treated them differently (it is almost impossible to be "bullied" because there is full support from schools and parents behind, and good students do not belong to that chaotic world), so the more they will know what the essence of learning this thing is.
Let's talk about my personal experience. Pupils themselves are generally studying in those years. Because of the lack of positive motivation, they basically didn't learn knowledge at all when they met again, and they didn't have their own learning methodology. They run a tea shop, get married early, get paid, and generally don't want to study.
In the classroom of Qingbei, professors basically don't need to call the roll. Students who have a good class will brave the cold wind and heat to surround the classroom outside the third floor and take notes carefully. This is called self-driven learning. In my opinion, students who have never been to TOP 10 school can't do it. (Although there may be 50 schools in top 10)
The more you learn, the more rewards you get (praise, encourage and distinguish people around you)-the more rewards you get, the more you know the logic of learning-the more you know the logic, the better you learn-the more rewards you get (prestigious schools, CFA/CPA/ACCA certificates, etc. ), this is the positive cycle of learning.
After understanding these benefits of learning, let's look at the common sense about learning.
Three common sense about learning: 1, the effective time of learning and your time are limited.
In order to make everyone understand, let's simplify the concept: purity of knowledge = efficiency * time.
How much time do you have in a day? The answer is not much, but also serious corrosion.
Wechat composition, computer games, Zhihu's so-called learning knowledge ... These messages can't be called knowledge by themselves, because they lack systematicness and advancement (discussed below).
And if you study eight hours a day and don't play mobile phones, you are almost better than 99% people.
For people who work, this is almost equal to full-time; For school students, evaluation is equivalent to strong self-discipline.
And some basic knowledge should be mastered, so don't even think about it without 500 hours.
For example, if you pass the N2 test in Japan, you must have a good talent of about 500 hours. If you are stupid, 800 hours is fine.
And these 800 hours definitely don't include the time you spend playing mobile phone in class and brushing Zhihu in self-study.
Think about it, if a person's efficiency time is diluted to 50%, then eight hours of study time may be only four hours left. If this person is not only playing WeChat and Zhihu, but also a game addict, the effective study time every day may be diluted to less than one hour.
Then it may take you two or three years to surpass N2, while others can surpass N2 in eight hours and three months a day. Coupled with a bad mood, I will never take the exam.
The so-called neglect of youth means that the lower the effective time investment on such a day, the better.
Maybe you will say, whoever plays games every day will play all kinds of games, and who will be the first in the exam and pass the extremely difficult exam.
First of all, this kind of person is a minority after all-most of the top student I have seen are learning addicts whose effective study time is much longer than that of ordinary people; Secondly, people may play all day, but effective learning time still crushes most fragmented "fragmented" time learners.
As for IQ, I don't believe it. Many people believe in IQ determinism because they haven't worked hard at all, and only1%of the top schools in the top fields believe in IQ differences-that is, for the remaining 99%, worrying about IQ won't help solve the problem. Maybe you just lost the positive feedback of learning, the method is wrong, not systematic, and there is not much effective time. A deeper layer. The reason why many people actually give up learning knowledge is that knowledge can be obtained at any time.
When I was a student, many teachers couldn't understand me in class. It's best not to listen to mobile phones and watch cartoons, and then teach yourself after class. The actual situation is that I don't know how to go to class and don't want to learn after class; Even what you can understand in a minute in class may not be learned in an hour after class.
This is the meaning of the theory of knowledge relativity:
Although the internet is full of knowledge now, giving people the illusion that knowledge can be used at will, it is far from the truth-what matters is not the knowledge itself, but the time it takes to completely digest and absorb it.
Time is very important, and the best time to digest and absorb knowledge is just ignored by many people, so we go to the next chapter.
2. If real knowledge is not accumulated to one level, it will not reach the next level (key nodes are the key points).
Everyone who has attended compulsory education in China should have this experience. Among several subjects, there is always one that falls behind. For example, this subject is probably math.
And how is mathematics backward? Let's think about that specific time node carefully: maybe I was too sleepy in math class that day, maybe I suddenly felt that math was not so important in class one day, or maybe I took a few days off to go to class. The point is, I can't keep up! Because of missing a class, you will not be able to continue your study-however, you don't know which link has gone wrong, which ultimately comes down to your IQ problem-which may be the IQ problem you regret most.
In fact, many people think that knowledge learning is like this:
You keep accumulating point A, keep spinning, and then you can reach the point P you want.
This accords with our life experience: we want a pair of scissors, and the solution is to buy a pair of scissors. If we click on a WeChat graphic, it will definitely give us a short knowledge. Even if you are reading this answer, it is entirely possible to list the main points on a piece of paper.
But in reality, as long as there is a little threshold knowledge, it is systematic. The so-called systematization means that your learning path is definitely not achieved overnight, but:
To reach point C, you must learn B first, and to reach point E, you must reach D first. You can't tell a third grader what calculus is. For a pupil who has only learned the multiplication table of 1999, you can't even calculate the multiplication and division of two digits, let alone add, subtract, multiply and divide fractions.
Even if a pupil knows calculus (that is, point P) and is called a prodigy, he has mastered all the key knowledge nodes from A to P.
And it's definitely not directly from A to P. If a person doesn't have the concept of B, it's as if he doesn't even have the concept of addition, subtraction, multiplication and division of two digits. How does he learn calculus?
This is the significance of knowledge systematization. This is also the reason why the last chapter mentioned the theory of relativity of knowledge-because the knowledge in key positions was cut off and the whole knowledge building was crumbling. Supplement key knowledge, if the teaching task of the school is still to be improved, it means that you have to run back to make up for the vacancy and learn new knowledge.
It means that when others learn D, you are making up B, consolidating C, and finally learning D. ..
This is why many people are so afraid of mathematics in the exam-oriented stage of compulsory education. Because you missed the key point, to paraphrase literature. ...
It was a blue day and the wind was blowing. Everyone thought it was an ordinary day-but after class, they began to get confused.
Science is systematic, so are liberal arts? In fact, any knowledge is like this. It's just that what liberal arts need more is to accumulate to a certain extent to point B, to a certain extent to point C ... and finally to point P. This kind of accumulation is more difficult to widen through the intellectual gap, and more is the reason of learning methods and learning efficiency.
The concept of key nodes is exactly the same.
Even in life, if you want to go to the God of Sushi, then the prerequisite is that you have been to at least 10 sushi restaurant to understand the history of sushi, otherwise you and those who have done their homework may not eat a sushi at all. Although all this is caused by Jiro Ono.
Because I can't eat sushi.
So many people are tired of dealing with a controlled timeline because you missed the key knowledge node, but the timeline has to be pushed forward.
However, people who leave school may fill up the key nodes one by one by their own internal drive-just for most people, they don't know what the nodes to B/C/D/ are ... /P, let alone make plans.
It would be nice if you could know the seriousness of this situation, but maybe you can make up for it with willpower.
3, willpower is limited, willpower may be your only advantage in learning.
In this chapter, we will talk about willpower. After all, it is not easy for you to see this here. Clap for your willpower.
This chapter mainly quotes the book Willpower by Roy baumeister, which is also a book I highly recommend. The main value that this book tells us is the same as what I wrote at the beginning: for people with IQ differences, the difference in willpower is more important than the former. Compared with IQ, background and sense of humor, willpower has a fundamental impact on learning. Students with strong willpower have better academic performance, and people with strong self-control ability are more popular in the workplace. In other words, willpower broadens the two dimensions of time and efficiency, which are directly related to learning.
The truth of willpower is:
(1), willpower is a physiological mechanism.
In other words, willpower is a consumable resource. The book even says that willpower is closely related to glucose, and it is difficult to maintain a highly concentrated memory when you are hungry or tired-which is why many people drink sugary drinks after working overtime.
In addition, think about it, when you concentrate on this answer, can you think of a math problem at the same time? I can't. Your mind is occupied, and your mind is limited.
Statistics show that students who always hand in their homework on time often wear dirty socks. Before the final exam, students are more likely to smoke and pay less attention to diet and personal hygiene. Because their willpower is spent on study, they can't pay special attention to personal hygiene and quit smoking at the same time.
Many couples are very busy at work, come home late from work and often quarrel over trifles. How to keep them quiet? Do you want them to work overtime as much as possible and try to reduce the time together? On the contrary, you should get off work as soon as possible. The busier a couple is, the easier it is to quarrel over trifles, because their willpower is exhausted at work and they will not control their emotions when they get home. But changing to a less busy job or getting off work as early as possible, although the time spent together has increased, the willpower consumed by work has decreased, and there is willpower to control emotions after returning home. It's hard to admit that you are mediocre, or that you are not superman. But only when you admit it, will you spend your limited willpower resources on really useful places.
For me, there was a time when I tried to put off the task until the evening, and the end result was that it was early in the morning when I finished other things. When I felt sleepy, I went to sleep-day by day passed like this.
(2) You can improve your willpower by setting reasonable goals, forming good habits and self-monitoring.
The good news is that willpower can be improved through training. Li Xiaolai once said that people have basically lost the ability to read long articles (thank you for reading here), and these systematic reading and systematic learning are the best willpower training weapons compared with simple fragment reading.
That is, deliberate training.
Willpower is a universal resource, which means that you can improve your willpower by doing some small daily things, and then use it in other things. This book suggests that an effective way to practice is to do things that you are not used to.
Writing long answers is also an exercise in willpower, and improving the effective time every day as much as possible is also an exercise in willpower In short, you have to make a trade-off, which may be your only advantage in learning-and with this advantage, you don't need to have other advantages for a long time.
This is good news, isn't it?
Summary-how to motivate and force yourself to learn actively;
1, looking for positive motivation-as small as the answers written on Zhihu are praised and ID fans pay attention to, as big as getting a 10%-20% skill certificate when entering a famous school, or using the professional knowledge level to enter a company, you must know that these things can't be taken away, they will become "qualifications" and give you a "I can learn better than others". "
Only grades are the best temptation to learn, and what we are ultimately looking for is lifelong positive motivation.
2. Do a systematic knowledge, do a good job of 500-800 hours of investment, and try to make your effective time start from 4 hours every day. This means that you will establish a sense of time, know the value of your time, and not spend too much time on games and social activities.
You know, the more you spend your time on things that you don't think are valuable at all, the lower your effective time and the lower your efficiency.
The good news is that your competitors spend far less than 4 hours a day studying.
Efficient learners are most concerned about the value of time.
3. Establish a systematic goal and clearly know where the key points are. This means that you need to dissect the target to specific key nodes and complete it step by step.
If there is no systematic planning and implementation, it means that the knowledge of the system cannot be completed.
4. Train your willpower, which is the biggest motivation for learners, because it affects both time and efficiency.
Pay attention to limited willpower, constantly improve and spend it in important places.