Applied discipline: psychology application scope: clinical and consulting psychology
Psychodrama [x and n lǐ jǐ]? Psychodrama: It was put forward by the psychopath Moreno Moreno) 192 1+0. Psychodrama can help participants warm up through music, painting, games and other activities, and then experience or re-experience their thoughts, emotions, dreams and interpersonal relationships during the performance. With the development of the plot, in a safe atmosphere,
Main features:
1, emphasizing "action" to experience life instead of talking about problems.
2. Emphasize the integration of music, art and other elements with consulting technology.
3. Emphasize the spontaneity and originality of psychodrama content.
4. Emphasize the interactive relationship.
Indications:
1. Psychodrama can be used for children, teenagers and the elderly with mental disorders, as well as for mentally retarded people, mental patients and criminals.
2. Some psychologists or social workers often arrange some plots with strong feelings or personality problems to reveal the secrets of patients' inner world. This method is especially suitable for divorcees, drug addicts, suicides and lawbreakers.
Basic elements:
Director. The director of psychological drama is a consultant. This consultant must have profound psychological knowledge and a director of psychological drama. Some countries in North America and Europe have centers for training psychological drama directors and have certain training systems. Students must complete the examinations at all stages one by one in order to obtain the director certificate of psychological drama issued by the American Psychological Association. In psychological drama, the director is not as authoritative as the general film or drama director, instructing all actors to perform the effect he wants. On the contrary, the director of psychological drama only helps the protagonist to deal with his problems, which is the situation that the protagonist wants to create, not according to the director's wishes. Therefore, the director should not only have the empathy, tolerance and deep understanding of the problem of the consultant, but also be able to freely use the skills of psychological drama to guide the protagonist to present his own problems smoothly in the form of drama. A director needs courage, curiosity, vitality, creativity, imagination and courage to help the protagonist, understand the protagonist's inner world or the crux of the struggle, so that the protagonist can take advantage of the situation and bring his emotions or thinking process to the scene, so that he can fully examine his own obstacles, find an outlet to vent in a safe atmosphere, and then inspire himself to re-launch.
The protagonist. The protagonist is the most important element in the psychological drama, and all other elements follow the protagonist's instructions or requirements to enter the psychological drama he wants.
Stage. Morinaud famously said, "One stage is enough." In psychological drama, a stage can integrate the feelings of the past, future and reality, and let the protagonist wander freely in the world he created. The stage of psychological drama is not as exquisite as ordinary theater, but in order to make members feel excited and live, it is necessary to separate the space between the stage and the audience. In this way, when the director leads the protagonist into the stage space, the protagonist will immediately feel that he is about to step into his own spiritual world, which is quite catalytic. The stage layout and scenes of psychological drama are all built by the protagonist himself. Of course, it depends, or the director can prepare some props for the protagonist to choose from. These props are basically symbolic, usually a few chairs, several tables, and some small objects of various sizes and colors can give full play to their imagination.
Double your body. Everyone has inner feelings and an "inner child". What happens when a person is lonely or has no one to tell? Probably just talking to himself. The following excerpt is from Morinaud's statement that he created a body for the protagonist body double: What will you see on the stage of psychological drama? For example, you may see a person with psychological problems. This person's psychological problem is so serious that even communication is extremely difficult: the nurse can't talk to her, and the doctor can't communicate. So you can direct a psychological drama like this: you take this member and tell her that you may not have contact with your parents, brothers and sisters. You have also lost contact with your husband or anyone else, but talk to yourself if you can. Suppose you can talk to the people who are closest to you and know you best. If we can make a body double for you, then you will have someone to talk to, and you can act with her because you belong to each other.
Auxiliary angle Auxiliary angle can be divided into broad sense and narrow sense. Broadly speaking, except the protagonist and body double, all the members of the group are auxiliary roles, including all the roles selected by the protagonist and the members watching. In a narrow sense, it only refers to the members who come to participate in the performance. Every psychological drama may need a supporting role, whose role is to set off the protagonist's sense of reality and let the protagonist talk to the parties again. Because the supporting role is selected by the protagonist among the group members, and the protagonist interprets his characteristics or behavior from his perspective, the members who play the supporting role must cooperate with the situation at that time with a focused and empathetic attitude, and even stimulate the inner struggles and contradictions of the protagonist in this situation. Sometimes the supporting role may be too complicated or difficult, and the selected member can decline to play this role, or the director can play it with puppets or other means. In any case, the supporting actor's performance is based on the protagonist's feelings and opinions, so that the protagonist can clarify his own problems or ideas in the scenes he created.
Audience. The so-called audience in psychological drama refers to all the members involved. If these members don't play any role in a psychological drama, they become audiences. While the psychological drama is going on, the audience usually just silently looks at the performance in front of them. But after the psychological drama is finished, these people can share their feelings with the protagonist, or talk to the protagonist, which can help the protagonist understand that he is not alone, and also let the protagonist jump out of his situation and walk back to reality. The audience's support and empathy for the protagonist is the power to support the protagonist's rebirth and the driving force for the protagonist to reflect on the overall situation. ?