1. Definition of information technology strategy
IT strategic planning (ITSP) is to formulate and adjust the guiding scheme of enterprise informatization on the basis of diagnosing and evaluating the present situation of enterprise informatization, and strive for the enterprise to do the most suitable informatization work at the most suitable scale and cost. First of all, according to the strategic needs of enterprises, the vision and mission of enterprise informatization, the development direction of enterprise informatization and the role that enterprise informatization should play in the process of realizing enterprise strategy are defined. The second is to draft the guiding outline of enterprise informatization. It represents the enterprise laws and regulations that information technology departments should follow in the process of management and implementation. It is the guarantee to effectively complete the information mission. Then there is setting information goals. They are all tasks that enterprises should complete in order to realize their vision and mission in the next few years.
The meaning of 2.2. Information technology strategy
Strategic alignment model is a set of thinking framework put forward by John Handerson of Harvard Business School in 1994. Its main purpose is to help enterprises check the consistency between business strategy and information architecture.
Route 1: 1. Organization and business processes; 2. Information architecture
When the enterprise is in the primary stage of information management, the business department directly puts forward the information requirements according to the existing business processes and organizations, and the information technology department implements them according to the requirements. For example, the financial department puts forward the demand of financial computerization, the operation department puts forward the demand of warehouse management, and the information technology department will implement it independently.
Route 2: 1. Business strategy; 2. Organization and business process; 3. Information architecture
When the enterprise is in the intermediate stage of information management, the company will define the overall business strategy, and each business department will change the existing business process and organization according to the guidance of the company's business strategy and objectives (business process reengineering), and then different business departments will put forward information requirements respectively, and the information technology department will implement them independently.
Route 3: 1. Business strategy; 2. Information technology strategy; 3. Information architecture.
When the enterprise is in the advanced stage of information management, the company will make an overall information strategy, make a unified plan and implement it step by step according to the overall business strategy and comprehensively consider the information needs of various business departments.
The connotation of 3.3. Information technology strategy
Generally speaking, IT strategic planning includes two parts: the formulation of IT strategy and the formulation of IT action plan. The former focuses on the strategic direction, while the latter focuses on the specific action plan.
3. 1 information technology strategy
Information technology strategy (IT strategy) is an organic part of enterprise management strategy, and it is the functional strategy of the company as well as financial strategy, human resource strategy and operation strategy. It is about the goal of enterprise information technology function and its overall planning. For large group companies, subsidiaries or large business units will also have their relatively independent information technology strategies. As shown in figure 2.
3.2 Information Technology Action Plan (IT Action Plan)
The information technology action plan is a medium-and long-term detailed action plan for implementing the information technology strategy, including:
1. informatization project process: the investment process of informatization projects in the next 2-3 years and the logical relationship between projects.
2. Project description and investment analysis: the specific description and ROI (Return on Investment) analysis of each project.
3. Development plan of informatization core competence: In order to realize the above informatization process, enterprises should have corresponding core competence and its training plan, and it will also involve the company's IT resource strategies, such as outsourcing strategy and independent development.
3.3 the method of information technology strategy
The formulation of information technology strategy is divided into three stages: project establishment stage, information technology strategy formulation stage and informatization action plan formulation stage, as shown in Figure 3:
The first stage: the project start-up stage
1. Project launch: determine the target scope, organizational structure and plan of the information technology strategic planning project.
The second stage: the information technology strategy formulation stage.
Through business analysis (2. Understand business strategy and describe business model. Define high-level process and operation model) and IT(4. Investigation and evaluation of the current situation of informatization. Information technology trends and best practice analysis), enterprise information technology strategy (6. Information technology strategy formulation), including the mission, long-term goals, medium-and long-term goals and corresponding strategic routes of information technology.
The third stage: the informatization action plan formulation stage.
According to the established information technology strategic objectives and status quo, carry out gap analysis (7. Analyze the gap between the present situation and the future), and make an action plan to eliminate the gap (8. Formulate information technology action plan), including project process, investment analysis and corresponding core competence training plan.
In the whole information technology strategic planning process, 1. Project startup, 6. The formulation of information technology strategy and 8. The formulation of information technology action plan is an important milestone of the project.
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