As early as 1899, Russia proposed to build a railway from Chaktu to Beijing via Cullen and Zhangjiakou, but the Qing court did not allow it at that time. 1903, businessmen Li Minghe and Li Chun successively invited banks to raise funds to invest in the construction of Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway, but the banks refused on the grounds of suspected foreign investment infiltration. Another businessman, Zhang Xiyu, invited the business office, which was rejected because of its unclear meaning. Since then, no one has mentioned the Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway Business Office.
1July 7, 905, that is, more than 20 days after the budget was completed, Zhan Tianyou and the general manager Chen went to the Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation to deposit the operating income of the railway outside the customs, and withdrew1400,000 yuan (merged bank 10000).
With the progress of the project, the estimated annual 1 12,000 silver can no longer meet the needs of the project. Yuan Shikai also asked for an annual increase of 302,000 yuan on the original basis, which will still be paid by the surplus of railway income outside the customs. 1906 The amount received is silver 15979.663.
The slope of the first section of the railway is too big.
The whole journey is divided into three sections. The first section from Fengtai to Nankou was opened to traffic on September 30th, 1906. The second section from Nankou to Qinglongqiao Guangou runs through Du Jun, with a maximum gradient of 33‰, a curve radius of182.5m, and four tunnels with a length of1644m. This project is very arduous.
3. The tunnel in the second section can only be opened by manpower.
The difficulty lies in the second quarter. First of all, we must open four tunnels: Juyongguan, Wuguitou, Shifosi and Badaling. Badaling tunnel is the longest1092m. The difficulty can be imagined only by relying on the hands of workers.
At the same time, the north and south ends are dug to the middle of the tunnel at the same time, and the shaft method is used for excavation. Dig two vertical shafts in the middle, which can be dug separately in the opposite direction to increase the working face. The first long tunnel in the history of highway construction in China was built by manpower.
The most famous project of Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway is the herringbone railway at Qinglongqiao Station, which was built to overcome the height difference between Nankou and Badaling. Overcoming many difficulties, the second bid section was completed in September 1908.
4. Construction of Guangou Section
The difficulty of the third section of Guangou section is second only to Guangou. Huailai Bridge is the longest bridge on Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway, which is erected by 7 steel beams 100 feet long. April 2 1909 train goes to Xiahuayuan. Although the section from Xiahuayuan to Jimingyi mining area is not long, the project is extremely difficult.
On the right is Yanghe River, and on the left is Rocky Mountain. A six-foot-wide passage should be opened on the mountain, and a seven-mile-long riverbed should be padded under the mountain. 1909 was connected to Zhangjiakou city on September 24th, and it was completed in time due to the correct command of Zhan Tianyou. Successfully completed the third section.
Extended data:
1905- 1909 In order to develop commerce, the Qing government decided to build the Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway. Zhan Tianyou was assigned to be responsible for road construction, first as chief engineer and general manager, then as general manager and chief engineer. This road runs from Beijing to Zhangjiakou and across the Du Jun Mountains. The terrain is steep and the project is extremely arduous. It is about 200 kilometers long and is the main road leading to the northwest.
In order to compete for the right to build roads, Britain and Russia were deadlocked, and the Qing government decided to build it by itself, but it lacked confidence. Foreigners are talking about China's inability to complete the road construction project. Zhan Tianyou said: "China has a vast territory and rich resources. It is shameful to rely on outsiders for all the work along the way!" In the face of foreigners' sarcasm, he led all road builders to face difficulties with fearless spirit. Qi Xin won glory for his country.
At the beginning of construction, there was a shortage of engineers and technicians. Zhan Tianyou only led two engineering students to survey Zhangjiakou from Fengtai via Nankou and Badaling in May 1905, and then made a reverse survey, and selected the contrast line from Yanqing to Changping via Deshengkou and the Ming Tombs (the Yongding River Valley route was also considered, but no survey was conducted due to the arduous project, limited funds and time.
In June, he returned to Tianjin General Administration, put forward the investigation report and drew up the construction plan. It is planned to be built in three parts. The first section (Fengtai to Nankou) will be started first, so as to benefit from the early traffic. The second section (from Nankou to Chadao City) and the third section (from Chadao City to Zhangjiakou) will be investigated in detail. Especially in the second section from Zhongnankou to Badaling, the terrain is steep, and further comparison lines need to be selected.
The report said, "If this road becomes one day earlier, the public will benefit from it one day earlier, business travelers will enjoy its convenience one day earlier, and foreigners will envy it one day earlier; The difficulty of building roads is actually unprecedented. "
Baidu Encyclopedia-Zhan Tianyou