Adhere to the problem orientation, fill in the shortcomings of training, solve the problems of innovation and entrepreneurship education in colleges and universities, deepen the reform of innovation and entrepreneurship education in colleges and universities, pay attention to integration, enrich the training system, innovate teaching, strengthen teachers, improve help, promote the close integration of teaching, scientific research and practice, cultivate weak links, and enhance the spirit of innovation, entrepreneurship awareness and innovation and entrepreneurship ability.
Adhere to coordinated promotion and cohesive training, work together to improve the system and mechanism of innovation and entrepreneurship education in colleges and universities, deepen the reform of innovation and entrepreneurship education in colleges and universities, gather the elements and resources of innovation and entrepreneurship education, and form a good environment for unified leadership, coordinated management, cooperation and cooperation, and participation of the whole society in supporting innovation and entrepreneurship education.
() Improve the quality standard of personnel training.
Formulate and implement the revision of teaching quality standards for undergraduate majors, implement the basic requirements for doctoral and master's degrees in higher vocational colleges, clarify the objectives of undergraduate, higher vocational, scientific research, innovation and entrepreneurship education, and take the evaluation of innovative spirit and entrepreneurial consciousness as an important indicator of training quality. Relevant departments, scientific research institutes and industrial enterprises should formulate and revise the evaluation standards for professional talents, refine the requirements of innovation and entrepreneurship quality and ability, and formulate and revise the professional teaching quality standards in combination with the requirements of running schools and serving innovation and entrepreneurship education.
(B) innovative talent training mechanism
We will implement the reporting system on the supply and demand of talents in key industries of university graduation, improve the early warning of disciplines and specialties, explore the establishment of a demand-oriented discipline and specialty structure, explore the establishment of a talent-oriented entrepreneurial training type and a new mechanism for structural adjustment, promote the development of talents and economy and society, closely implement a series of excellent plans, combine science and education with collaborative education, plan to hold an experimental class on innovation and entrepreneurship education, explore the establishment of a new mechanism for cooperation between schools, enterprises, schools and universities, and actively attract high-quality educational resources and social resources outside the school to invest in innovation and entrepreneurship. It is necessary to set up basic courses with similar levels or majors, set up interdisciplinary courses, explore the establishment of a new interdisciplinary training mechanism for innovation and entrepreneurship, and promote the transformation from a single discipline to a comprehensive discipline.
(C) Improve the curriculum system of innovation and entrepreneurship education
Colleges and universities should, according to the requirements of personnel training and orientation, promote the integration of professional education and innovation and entrepreneurship education, adjust the professional curriculum, tap and enrich various professional courses, innovate and entrepreneurship education resources, impart professional knowledge courses, strengthen innovation and entrepreneurship education, offer compulsory courses for all, such as research, frontier, entrepreneurship foundation and entrepreneurship guidance, and bring them into management construction according to the progressive, continuous and reasonable special courses group of innovation and entrepreneurship education in each district. Colleges and universities should speed up the informatization construction of top-quality courses of innovation and entrepreneurship education, promote the examination and approval of resources, enjoy a large number of online courses such as open online courses and open video courses, establish an online course learning certification and accreditation system, and organize departments and enterprises to jointly compile key teaching materials of innovation and entrepreneurship education with discipline, advancement and applicability.
(4) The reform of teaching evaluation.
Colleges and universities should expand the coverage of heuristic, discussion and participatory teaching, promote the development of teachers' cutting-edge skills, integrate new research and practical experience into classroom teaching, pay attention to cultivating critical creative thinking, stimulate innovation and entrepreneurship, use data technology to master the demand law of peer learning, provide more abundant educational resources, reform examination and evaluation content, pay attention to examination and application knowledge, analyze problem-solving ability and explore non-standard answers, and break the accumulation of disadvantages in examinations.
(5) Strengthen the practice of innovation and entrepreneurship.
Colleges and universities should strengthen the cultivation and construction of specialized laboratories, virtual simulation laboratories and entrepreneurial laboratories, promote the construction of experimental teaching platforms, incorporate the principle of sharing scientific and technological innovation resources in colleges and universities in all districts into the evaluation criteria of various research bases, key laboratories and science parks, encourage colleges and universities in all districts to make full use of various resources to build science parks, pioneering parks and entrepreneurial incubators, and build off-campus practical education bases and entrepreneurial demonstration bases with micro-enterprises as practical platforms for entrepreneurial education. Scientific and Technological Entrepreneurship Practice Base Vocational College Training Base will improve the three-level innovation and entrepreneurship training teaching system at home and school, implement the innovation and entrepreneurship training plan in depth, expand coverage, promote project transformation, hold all-round innovation and entrepreneurship competitions, hold various special competitions such as scientific and technological innovation, creative design and entrepreneurship plan, and support universities, innovation and entrepreneurship associations, entrepreneurship clubs and other organizations to hold lectures, forums and exhibitions on innovation and entrepreneurship.
(6) Reform the management system of teaching books.
Colleges and universities should reasonably set up innovation and entrepreneurship, establish the accumulation and transformation system of innovation and entrepreneurship, explore innovative experiments, publish papers, obtain patents, and start their own businesses. , change their willingness to participate in project research and project experiments, identify the potential of classroom learning, make a training plan for innovation and entrepreneurship, establish an objective record of innovation and entrepreneurship files and a quantitative evaluation of innovation and entrepreneurship, give priority to supporting participation in innovation and entrepreneurship, transfer to related majors, implement an flexible system, relax learning restrictions, allow adjustment of industry processes, keep a vacation for innovation and entrepreneurship, set up an innovation and entrepreneurship bonus, and set the proportion of related evaluation projects for recognition.
(seven) to strengthen the construction of teachers' innovation and entrepreneurship education teaching ability.
All districts and colleges and universities should clarify the responsibility of all teachers for innovation and entrepreneurship education, improve the performance appraisal standards for professional and technical positions, strengthen the evaluation of innovation and entrepreneurship education, equip full-time teachers for innovation and entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurship guidance, establish a regular evaluation and elimination system, and hire outstanding people from all walks of life such as well-known scientists, entrepreneurs and venture capitalists as professional courses. Teach or guide teachers' innovation and entrepreneurship courses and formulate management norms for part-time teachers. Improve the consciousness and ability of college teachers' innovation and entrepreneurship education. Establish pre-job training, course rotation training and backbone research. Establish a pre-job training system for professional teachers and full-time teachers related to innovation and entrepreneurship education. Accelerate the improvement of the income distribution mechanism of science and technology disposal in colleges and universities, support the industrialization of science and technology in the form of teachers' transfer, cooperative transformation, pricing shares, and independent entrepreneurship, and encourage and lead innovation and entrepreneurship.
(8) Improve entrepreneurship guidance services.
All districts and colleges and universities should establish and improve specialized institutions for entrepreneurship guidance services, with four independent entrepreneurs, namely institutions, personnel, venues and funds, as the main body, implement continuous assistance, full-time guidance and on-site services, improve the continuous information service system, improve the network function setting of full-time entrepreneurship service, provide information such as household policy and market orientation on the two-level information service platform of colleges and universities, and provide services such as entrepreneurial projects and intellectual property transactions. All relevant departments should actively implement the policy of entrepreneurship training in colleges and universities, develop entrepreneurship training courses suitable for the characteristics, build an online training platform, and encourage colleges and universities to independently prepare special training plans or jointly develop entrepreneurship training projects with qualified education and training institutions, industry associations, mass organizations and enterprises. Each district has the conditions, the industry should be coordinated with the regional demand, and the industry should be developed. A guide to entrepreneurial projects should be issued to guide colleges and universities to identify and seize entrepreneurial opportunities.
(nine) improve the policy guarantee system to support innovation and venture capital.
All districts and relevant departments should integrate and develop financial agency funds to support innovation and entrepreneurship in colleges and universities. Colleges and universities should optimize the funding structure and channels, and make overall arrangements for funding to support innovation and entrepreneurship education, teaching and funding innovation and entrepreneurship projects. Ministries and universities should actively support the basic research business funds of central universities, set up incentive funds for innovation and entrepreneurship education, and reward social organizations and public welfare organizations that have contributed to innovation and entrepreneurship education. Enterprises and institutions set up venture capital funds in various forms to provide financial support for self-employment, improve the efficiency of the use of support funds, carry out a new round of entrepreneurship leading plan, implement various support policies and service measures, and focus on supporting emerging industries. Relevant departments should speed up the formulation of support policies conducive to Internet entrepreneurship.
Third, strengthen organizational leadership.
() Improve the system and mechanism.
All districts and colleges and universities should deepen the reform of innovation and entrepreneurship education in colleges and universities, strengthen guidance, management, supervision and evaluation, and promote innovation and entrepreneurship education in our school as a whole. Each district should set up an expert steering committee for innovation and entrepreneurship education in colleges and universities to provide research, consultation and guidance services for innovation and entrepreneurship education. Colleges and universities should implement the main responsibility of innovation and entrepreneurship education, put innovation and entrepreneurship education into the important agenda of reform and development, and set up a leading group for innovation and entrepreneurship education. The education administrative department should take the lead, and the Youth League Committee should be responsible for innovation.
(2) Detailed implementation plan
All districts and colleges and universities should formulate and deepen the implementation cases of innovation and entrepreneurship education reform in their own schools in light of the actual situation, make clear the cases that universities directly under the Ministry of Education need to implement and report them to the Ministry of Education for the record, and the affiliated universities need to report them to the provincial education department in charge of the school for the record and announce them to the public.
(3) Strengthen supervision and implementation.
The education department should measure the quality of innovation and entrepreneurship education, incorporate the important indicators of leading classes into the teaching evaluation index system of higher education, introduce the third evaluation index system, include the information about innovation and entrepreneurship education in the quality reports of undergraduate, higher vocational and research-oriented education, and accept social supervision.