How to raise marine fish and coral

I have been raising seawater for some time and learned a lot. I feel that the most important thing at first is to raise water, especially the new fish friends who are accidentally poisoned by seawater and ready to go to sea. I am not a scientist. I just share my understanding with you as an ordinary fish friend. Before that, I would like to ask many novice friends a question: If you only need a little time, but spend the least money and energy, are you willing to raise a coral jar that everyone envies? The answer should be yes. Let's analyze some concepts bit by bit until our dreams come true. First of all, a noun that needs to be understood-nutrients. Nutrients are the general names of nitrate (NO3), phosphate (PO4), organic salts and other substances in water. It controls all the biological states of Tanqueray like a demon. It comes from the food we feed, biological feces, corpses and domestic water ... Our task is to attenuate its concentration as much as possible, and don't let it run amok in your Tanqueray and affect your biological state in Tanqueray. Except for some basic indicators such as salinity and temperature, most of the difficulties encountered by all fish friends are due to the lack of good control of nutrients. When live stones are just fished out of the sea and transported to your home without water, many creatures will die in it. The corpses of these creatures will slowly rot in your Tanqueray and become nutrients. When they accumulate to a certain concentration, they can stimulate the growth of algae in the tank. We just want to use these algae to consume it and minimize it. This is the best way to save money. Fortunately, these values are fixed and will not increase one by one. When they reach a certain time, the nutrients in the jar have been consumed. Unfortunately, you can't resist adding organic matter to the water tank. Their excreta and the food you feed increase the base of nutrients in the water body, and the water will continue in a vicious circle for the foreseeable future. At the same time, the living stone is like a bank. If the concentration of nutrients in the water is getting bigger and bigger, which exceeds the ability of living stones to treat NO3, it will absorb and accumulate a large amount of nutrients and release them for a long time, which is why many fish friends increase the water change or even change the water in the whole tank, which is also the reason why NO3 is high. In this case, the number of zooxanthellae (an algae attached to coral) increases like algae, and the color of coral darkens. So remind all novice friends, if you have no luck, don't give birth to biology in advance! Never give birth to a creature in advance! Never give birth to a creature in advance! Never give birth to a creature in advance! Another important factor to pay attention to is whether the water you add contains a lot of nutrients. In some areas, the content of NO3 and PO4 in tap water is very high. If you add this to the tank, your nutrients will continue to increase, and hydroponics will be as far away as ever. RO machine (a professional water purification equipment), purified water or tap water with low nutrition can be added, but it is very important to use RO machine or purified water for SPS (bone coral). In the meantime, we should try our best to use suitable cylindrical lamps to accelerate the absorption and growth of algae. If your brown algae and green algae are not long apart or appear at the same time, it means that your lamp has passed the test. If your brown algae doesn't come for ten days, it means that your lamp is very weak, which will prolong the time of water extraction. For example, if someone else raises it for one month, you may have to raise it for two months or even longer. You should be mentally prepared. The most important equipment for carrying water is the lamp! Generally speaking, the light can be turned on for 18~20 hours, and it can be turned on for 24 hours without considering the loss of light bulbs. This is also to make algae consume nutrients quickly and speed up the hydroponics time. In the absence of any added organisms, algae began to turn white and yellow in about a month, indicating that the consumption of nutrients in water is very low. Unplug it, and you can start your own ocean trip! After that, you don't need to buy alcohol, nitrate remover, scale remover, solid alcohol, ROWA (an iron-based filter material), poison, professional NO3\PO4 filter cotton and other equipment, additives and filter materials, because those are for fish friends who have poor water retention and are their gospel. Therefore, we often say that water conservation is not water conservation, but a process of raising stones, which makes the body in the stones evolve into nutrients, all of which will be consumed by algae. When the nutrients drop to a certain low concentration, the rest can be treated with eggs, activated carbon and live stones suitable for tanks. Slowly find the balance between input and output, and there will always be a delicate reef ecological tank. The theory ends here. Now it's time for us to practice. Briefly talk about the sequence of rising water: 1. Connect all equipment and accessories. 2. Open the jar with pure water to make salt. If you have LPS (soft coral), then test the tap water. If the NO3 and PO4 in your tap water are not high, you can use it, but it is best to use pure water. SPS must be pure water! To change the salinity to 1.020~ 1.025, it must be measured with an optical gravimeter. Some people like to disinfect with potassium permanganate first, but personally think it's really useless. 3. Brush the new living stone as clean as possible. Don't be stingy with the creatures above. Try to pay attention to the small crabs and mantis shrimp inside, and remove them. It is necessary to mention here whether your living stone is fresh. If it is fished out from the merchant's tank, it depends on whether there is any life in the tank. If there are creatures, it is best not to buy them. Nowadays, many mainland merchants are unprofessional, and the nutrients in the tanks are not low, and it has been a long time. If such a living stone is put in the tank, algae will not erupt at first, and nutrients will be released for a long time! If you don't have it locally, look at the mailing methods in other places. You can transport it without water, as long as you don't do it Also, try to sell enough live stones at a time, and it is not good to add live stones halfway. Someone killed the crab by soaking it in 1.040 salt water. I tried, but it didn't work. 4. Create a favorite scene, turn on all the equipment for trial operation, and put the filtered white cotton into the bottom tube (it must be white cotton, and pay attention to cleaning or replacing it if there is too much dust). 5. All equipment is fully open. In addition to adding evaporated water (adding qualified water) every day, adjust the turn-on time every day. Don't move anything, don't add anything, don't add anything, don't clean the tank, don't change the water, and don't care about the dust and sundries in the tank. 6. Looking at the changes of algae in the tank, the long incubation period is a good time for diving and asking questions in the forum. If you don't understand anything about this article, you can post it or ask me a short question, and I will find you relevant links, read more about the fish and corals you are interested in, learn about them and know their habits. Enrich your brain with a lot of knowledge every day, and you will find that a month will pass quickly. 7. When the algae in the jar are so full that even you can't see the scene inside, it means that you are almost successful. (If your lamps are definitely ok, but you don't see too many algae, it doesn't matter, which means that your living stone is of good quality. ) At this time, the ammonia content in your cylinder, NH3 (ammonia) and NH4+ (ammonia ion) reach a peak and then fall back, while nitrite (NO2) reaches a peak and then falls back to a very low concentration. Buy a test agent to measure the content of NO3, which should be below 12.5 (say 65438), and the water quality of raising LPS has reached the standard (raising SPS must wait until the algae turn yellow and just turn white, and NO3 should be at least about 2). By this time, congratulations, your Tanqueray system has been circulating well and the system is complete! 8. Pull out all the algae and leave the rest alone. Later, some cranes, shrimps, crabs and snails can be used to remove them. 9. Some people are dissatisfied with their first beautification. Now is a good time. They can take out the living stone and scrub it again, and then put it back in the jar to beautify it again. However, at this time, some nutrients were released by turning the living stone, so we have to observe the situation of NO3 for another week. According to the quality of the living stone, some days, some weeks, and finally we will see the measured value. 9. Wipe the tank, blow the dust on the surface of the living stone with a small stream, change 20% water, siphon the dust out with a pipe, set up an algae tank and add activated carbon. 10, if someone wants to spread sand, live sand must be spread at this time, because there are many dirty things in the dead sand, which should be put at the same time as your live stone. It needs the nourishment of water to finally become living sand. Live sand filled with water can be directly put into the water after it is raised. However, due to careful consideration, it is suggested that the live sand be put into a jar and then stored in water for a week, and then released without fluctuation. 1 1, I can finally enter my favorite creature! They will live happily in your jar! They won't leave this world because of our fault! We are happy ~ ~12. Don't be too happy at this time. We must slow down the speed of living things, feed a small amount of fish at the same time, and monitor the value of NO3 in real time. If NO _ 3 rises after one week, based on the fact that each fish can eat 2~4 fish every two days, we will reduce the food intake. Don't think this is cruel to fish, it's just kindness to them. The more experience I have, the more mature the system will be. I can gradually increase the feeding amount without fluctuation of NO _ 3 for about 1~2 months. It's like someone else built you a car. When you can drive it, the first thing you have to do is to test drive. When the whole system is mature, you really don't have to worry about high nutrition.