1. construction project: refers to a construction project that is composed of one or several interrelated individual projects and completed at one time within the scope of overall design or total budget. After completion, it can be operated independently economically and managed independently administratively.
2. Owner: also known as the project legal person, Party A and the construction unit, is the buyer of the project. 3. Contractor: also known as contractor, Party B, contractor and contractor, is the seller of the project. Consultants: also known as consulting engineers and architects, are units or individuals who provide paid professional services to owners or contractors in engineering construction projects.
10. Supervision unit: generally refers to supervision companies, supervision firms with legal person status, and units engaged in engineering design, scientific research and engineering construction consulting of supervision business.
3. Construction supervision: refers to the supervision unit entrusted by the project legal person to supervise and manage the project implementation according to the project construction documents approved by the state, laws and regulations related to the project construction, project construction supervision contracts and other project construction contracts.
4. Supervisors: Supervisors who have been trained in supervision business, have similar engineering-related professional knowledge and are engaged in specific supervision work.
5. Supervision engineer refers to the supervision personnel who have obtained the qualification certificate of national supervision engineer and registered.
6. The chief supervision engineer is the supervision engineer authorized in writing by the legal representative of the supervision unit, who is fully responsible for the performance of the entrusted supervision contract and presides over the work of the project supervision institution.
7. The chief supervision engineer's representative refers to the supervision engineer in the project supervision organization who exercises some responsibilities and powers on behalf of the chief supervision engineer with the consent of the legal representative of the supervision unit and the written authorization of the chief supervision engineer.
8. Supervision effect: refers to the achievements made in project investment control, project quality control and project progress control after the implementation of supervision on construction projects. The qualification of the supervision unit is mainly reflected in the supervision ability and supervision effect.
Organization refers to the process of combining people who have the ability to pay in an integrated way and operating them by defining the division of labor and cooperation, establishing a system of powers and responsibilities, and realizing the system objectives.
10. Additional work of project supervision: A: (1) Beyond the scope entrusted by the client, both parties agree in writing to increase the work content; (2) due to the reasons of the employer or the contractor, the supervision work is hindered or delayed, and the workload or time limit for a project is increased.
1 1. Extra work of project supervision: refers to the work that the supervisor must complete according to the regulations, the suspension or termination of supervision business, the aftermath and the resumption of supervision business in addition to normal work and additional work.
12. Organizational function: It means that the destination can coordinate all aspects of work through reasonable organizational design and authority structure, so as to complete the task efficiently and with high quality.
13. Organizational design: refers to selecting a reasonable organizational system, dividing the authority and responsibilities of various departments, and establishing various basic rules and regulations. 8. Organizational operation: refers to all departments in the organizational system to complete the work according to the prescribed work order and shared responsibilities.
14. supervision plan: the guiding document compiled by the supervision unit to guide the project supervision organization to carry out supervision work in an all-round way after accepting the supervision entrusted by the construction unit. According to the scope stipulated in the project supervision entrustment contract and the specific requirements of the construction unit, it is compiled under the auspices of the project chief supervision engineer and implemented after being approved by the technical director of the supervision unit. Its purpose is to improve the effect of engineering supervision and ensure the full implementation of the entrusted contract of engineering supervision.
15. supervision outline: the supervision outline is a project supervision scheme document prepared by the supervision unit to obtain supervision tasks in the bidding stage and is an integral part of the supervision tender. The function of supervision outline is to serve the management objectives of supervision units and undertake supervision tasks.
22. Detailed rules for supervision implementation: under the guidance of supervision planning, after the supervision tasks of various professions are implemented, the professional supervision engineer will prepare the operational documents for the supervision work of a certain profession or a certain aspect, which will be approved by the chief supervision engineer. It plays a specific role in guiding supervision practice.
16. control: there must be clear goals and objectives, and clear activity objectives are the premise of implementing control. Secondly, control behavior must be composed of two parts: control subject and control object.
17. Feedback: refers to the process that the information of the control system acts (inputs) on the controlled system, and then feeds back the results, which affects the information re-output.
18. Feedforward: It means that when the controlled system analyzes and predicts that the output of the controlled system will deviate from the target according to the existing reliable information, it will input correction information to the controlled system in advance, so that the controlled system will not produce deviation or reduce deviation.
19. Active control: refers to taking proactive decision-making measures in advance to minimize or even avoid the deviation between the planned value and the actual value.
26. Passive control: according to the output of the controlled system, compare it with the planned value. When the actual value deviates from the planned value, analyze the reasons for the deviation and determine the next countermeasures. Passive control is ex post control and feedback control.
16. Intermediate settlement: At the end of ten days or in the middle of a month, the construction enterprise submits an advance receipt to the construction unit to advance the project payment for ten days or half a month. At the end of the month, submit the project payment form and the monthly report of the completed project, collect the project price of the month, and settle it through the bank.
20. Progress control of engineering construction: refers to the preparation and implementation of the progress plan in each construction stage of the project. In the process of implementation, always check whether the actual progress is carried out as planned. If there is any deviation, analyze the reasons for the deviation, take remedial measures or adjust and modify the original plan until the project is completed and delivered.
2 1 witness is an activity that supervisors supervise the whole process of a certain process on the spot; 22 Station-by-station is a supervision activity carried out by supervisors at the site during the construction of key parts or key working procedures. During the inspection, the manufacturing supervisor shall regularly or irregularly supervise the site or process under construction.
24 Parallel inspection refers to the activities that the project supervision organization independently conducts inspection or testing according to a certain proportion on the basis of the contractor's self-inspection by using certain inspection or testing means.
25 Concealed works refer to the works covered by the next working procedure, such as foundation reinforcement works, embedded parts and reserved holes, and anti-corrosion treatment. , should be completed by the contractor and the initial inspection, and submitted to the supervision engineer for acceptance visa.
26. The subject of rights: also known as the subject of civil rights and obligations, refers to the participants in civil legal relations, that is, the parties who enjoy rights and assume obligations in civil legal relations according to law. From the point of view of contract, that is, two or more parties who sign a contract, including natural persons, legal persons and other organizations.
The object of power refers to the object that the rights and obligations of the right subject point to, including things, behaviors and spiritual products.
28. Object of contract: refers to the object of rights and obligations in contract, including goods, services and intellectual achievements.
29. Tender: refers to the quotation sheet submitted by the contractor to the construction unit and accepted by the letter of acceptance for the implementation, completion and defect repair of the project according to the contract. The tender is the most important single document submitted by the bidder.
Letter of acceptance refers to the letter sent by the construction unit to the contractor to formally accept its bid.
3 1 Subcontracting: refers to the behavior that the winning contractor transfers the project contracting right to another construction enterprise.
Subcontracting refers to the act of contracting out some projects from the projects contracted by the general contractor in accordance with the contract or approved by the contracting unit.
Feasibility study, also known as feasibility analysis technology, is a scientific method to comprehensively and comprehensively analyze and demonstrate the proposed project before investment, thus providing a reliable basis for project investment decision.
Quality system certification: refers to the activities of evaluating and registering the quality system of suppliers (contractors) by third-party organizations according to the relevant quality assurance model standards.
Engineering quality evaluation refers to the quality inspection and evaluation carried out during the construction of the project and after the completion of the unit project in accordance with the design requirements, national norms and standards and relevant evaluation rules stipulated by the state and departments.
The contract price or remuneration is the price paid by the party accepting the subject matter to the other party in monetary form as compensation for the other party's completion of the contract obligations.
The time limit for performance is the time limit for the parties to complete their respective obligations as stipulated in the contract.
Liability for breach of contract: that is, one or both parties to the contract fail to perform their contractual obligations due to their own fault, and shall bear the responsibilities according to the law and the contract.
33. Definition of claim: In the process of contract construction, according to laws, contract provisions and practices, the parties put forward a claim for compensation or compensation to the other party for a situation that is not their own fault but should be borne by the other party to the contract, and actually suffered losses.
The claim for extension of construction period, referred to as the claim for extension of construction period, is aimed at the contractor asking the owner to extend the construction period, thus delaying the completion date stipulated in the original contract, so as to avoid the risk of compensation for delay of construction period.
Cost claim, also known as economic claim. It is a way for the contractor to ask the owner for compensation for his extra expenses in order to recover the economic losses that he should not bear.
36. Out-of-contract claims: also known as out-of-contract claims. This kind of claim has no direct basis in the contract, but the contractor can find the basis of claim through the meaning of some clauses in the contract documents, or from the general civil law, economic law or other laws and regulations promulgated by relevant departments.
Moral claim: also known as accommodation claim and priority claim, this kind of claim has no basis in the contract or other laws and regulations, and there is no basis for claim from the legal point of view, but the contractor did suffer losses and did his best to meet the requirements of the owner, so he thought he had moral basis for making a claim, so he sought priority compensation for his losses.
Mobilization advance payment is a sum of money paid in advance by the owner to solve the shortage of funds when the contractor makes preparations in the early stage of construction.
Notice of claim, the contractor shall notify the engineer of his claim intention within 28 days after the first event that causes the claim. If the notice of claim is not issued within 28 days, no claim may be filed.
40 claim records, the contractor should have corresponding records at that time after the claim event, and continue to keep reasonable records for inspection and verification before the claim event is resolved.
The claim certificate of 4 1 shows that the contractor shall submit a detailed claim list and claim basis to the engineer within 42 days after becoming aware of the event or situation that caused the claim, and submit the final list within 28 days after the impact of the claim event is over.
Contract transfer refers to the behavior that the winning contractor transfers the project contracting right to another construction enterprise.
Notice of claim, the contractor shall notify the engineer of his claim intention within 28 days after the first event that causes the claim. If the notice of claim is not issued within 28 days, no claim may be filed.
44 Claim Records: The contractor shall keep corresponding records at that time after the claim event, and continue to keep reasonable records for inspection and verification before the claim event is resolved.
Proof of claim, the contractor shall submit a detailed claim list and claim basis to the engineer within 46 days after becoming aware of the events or circumstances that caused the claim, and submit the final list within 28 days after the impact of the claim event is over.
47 Claim reply: The engineer shall reply within 42 days after receiving the claim report or any further evidence of previous claims, or within the time limit that the engineer may suggest and be approved by the contractor, indicating approval or disapproval with specific opinions.
Pay the claim amount. When the contractor provides sufficient details of the claim event and the claim amount is determined by the engineer through consultation with the owner and the contractor, the contractor has the right to include the claim amount in the payment certificate approved by the engineer.
Coordination is to connect, unite and reconcile all activities and forces.
The project quality supervision station is an organization authorized by the government to supervise and implement the project quality. For projects entrusted for supervision, the quality supervision station mainly checks the qualifications of contractors and supervision units for survey, design and construction, and supervises the project management procedures and sampling inspection.
5 1 The first site meeting shall be presided over by the construction unit, and the authorized representatives of the construction unit, contractor and supervision unit must attend, and the person in charge and senior personnel who will hold major positions in the project must attend.