First, they have different functions.
The procuratorate is also called the procuratorial organ. The main functions are responsible for judicial supervision, approval of arrest, criminal prosecution, trial protest, investigation and prosecution of corruption and bribery cases, etc.
Courts are also called judicial organs. Mainly responsible for trial functions. The focus of trial includes criminal trial, civil trial and administrative trial, which is the last line of defense of China's judicial system.
The public security bureau is also called the public security organ. Mainly responsible for public security patrol, public security punishment, criminal investigation, economic investigation, traffic patrol and traffic order maintenance management, drug abuse and drug control investigation, border defense management, public security maintenance management, belonging to the defenders and defenders of social stability and social order in China.
Second, the administrative levels of the three are different.
The president of the procuratorate and the president of the court are elected by the people's congress at the same level and belong to the deputy treatment at the same administrative level. Vice-presidents, judges and procurators shall be appointed by the Standing Committee of the people's congress at the same level; The director of the Public Security Bureau is appointed by the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress at the same level, and now most of the directors of the Public Security Bureau are promoted to the Standing Committee of the Party Committee at the same level or the government deputy.
Third, the qualifications of personnel are different.
People who need to work in courts and procuratorates must not only have a unified national judicial examination certificate, but also take the unified recruitment examination, which meets the qualifications and conditions of the two houses before they can be hired; In addition to taking the unified civil service examination, you must also meet the qualifications and conditions of the public security police. Only when the provincial public security organs issue a unified warning can you become a formal public security policeman.
In a word, the procuratorate, the court and the public security bureau all belong to the political and legal system of China. However, due to the differences in the scope of functions, staff recruitment or appointment, rank and salary, etc., they actually belong to three independent judicial systems and perform different duties according to the Constitution and relevant laws and regulations.