That will greatly damage your image as a master. In fact, we can clearly check the configuration of computer hardware without these softwares. Next, we
Let's study together.
First, check the hardware configuration during POST.
After the machine is assembled, it can be powered on for testing even if the operating system is not installed. Introduction to hardware configuration is hidden in the self-test screen (due to opening).
The screen flashes by. If you want to see it clearly, remember to reach out and hold down the "pause" button in time.
1. Graphics card information
The first hardware to be checked during power-on self-test is the graphics card, so the words appearing in the upper left corner of the screen after power-on are the "personal information" of the graphics card.
Shao. In these four lines, the first line "GeForce4 MX440" indicates that the display core of the graphics card is geforce 4mx440, which supports AGP 8X technology; second
The line "Version ..." indicates the version of the graphics card BIOS. We can squeeze the performance of the graphics card by updating the BIOS version of the graphics card. Of course, this line is also updated.
Will change accordingly; The third line "Copyright (c) ... is the manufacturer's copyright information, indicating the chip manufacturer and the copyright year of the manufacturer; fourth
The line "64.0MB RAM" indicates the memory capacity of the graphics card.
2. Information about 2. CPU, hard disk, memory and optical drive
After displaying the basic information of the graphics card, the second self-check screen shows more hardware information, such as CPU model, main frequency, memory capacity,
The hard disk and CD information will appear in this screen. The top two lines of the screen indicate the BIOS version of the motherboard and the copyright information of the BIOS manufacturer; The following text
You can read words at a glance, of course, the motherboard chipset; The next few lines represent CPU frequency, memory capacity and speed. Hehe, my CPU and memory are super.
Often used, so the frequency is not very regular; The next four lines of "IDE……" indicate the devices connected to the IDE master-slave interface, including hard disk model and optical drive model.
Wait a minute.
3. Motherboard information
At the bottom of the second self-check screen, there will also be a line of information about the motherboard. Previous Date shows the BIOS update date of the current motherboard, and the symbols behind it.
Is the code used by the motherboard. According to the code, you can know the chipset model and manufacturer of the motherboard. In the past, the bottom text in the old motherboard self-test screen
The motherboard chipset is marked in the middle, and this board is placed on the self-test screen.
Press the "DEL" key after booting to enter the BIOS setup page. You can also see the hardware information of the machine in the basic information, which is different from that shown in the boot screen.
Difference.
Second, check the hardware configuration using Device Manager.
After entering the operating system, you can also use the device manager and DirectX diagnostic tools to check the hardware configuration when installing the hardware driver. Look down there.
See how to use Device Manager to view hardware information. Go to the desktop, right-click the "My Computer" icon, and select "Properties" in the menu that appears to open the "System".
In the Properties window, click Hardware-Device Manager, and all hardware devices configured by the machine will be displayed in the Device Manager. The light is arranged from top to bottom.
Drive, disk controller chip, CPU, disk drive, display, keyboard, audio and video information, and the bottom is the graphics card. Want to know what kind of hardware
Information, just click the "+"in front of it to expand the content below it.
Using Device Manager, you can not only see the general hardware information, but also know the working mode of motherboard chip, sound card and hard disk in detail. For example, want
Check the working mode of the hard disk. Just double-click the corresponding IDE channel to pop up the properties window. In the properties window, you can check the device type and transfer mode of the hard disk.
These are all things that the boot screen can't provide.
It should be noted that the device manager provided in the operating system before Windows Xp cannot be used to check the working frequency of the CPU, but fortunately we still have it.
DirectX diagnostic tool.
Third, check the hardware configuration with DirectX diagnostic tools.
DirectX diagnostic tool can help us to test, diagnose and modify hardware, and of course, we can also use it to check the hardware of the machine.
Configuration. Run the System Information window and find Tools-DirectX Diagnostic Tools (or enter the System32 directory under the Windows directory in the installation drive.
Run Dxdiag.exe), you can easily view the hardware information in the window.
1. View basic information
Click the System tab in the DirectX Diagnostic Tool window and specify the current date, computer name, operating system, system manufacturer and BIOS version.
CPU processor main frequency and memory capacity are clear at a glance. Note that although I overclocked Celeron from 2.0MHz to 2.40MHz, DirectX didn't recognize this.
Account number, still shows that the original frequency is not overclocked. It seems that we can identify whether profiteers sell overclocked CPU to us without AIDA32! !
2. Check the graphics card information
Click the Display tab in the DirectX Diagnostic Tool window, where we can see the manufacturer of the graphics card, the display chip type, the memory capacity,
General information, such as video card driver version and monitor.
3. Check the audio information
Audio equipment is often overlooked, but it is impossible without it. Click on the "Sound" tab to learn more! You can also see the settings in the window that appears.
The name, manufacturer and driver of the device are extremely detailed information. The difference is that we can also click "Test DirectSound(T)" on the sound card in the lower right corner.
Run a simple test.
When choosing the configuration, we should be careful not to force the grade of CPU too much, but ignore the components such as memory, graphics card, sound card and speaker, which will lead to unbalanced configuration. The performance of the whole machine is not only reflected in the main frequency of CPU, but also has a great relationship with the speed and stability of memory, motherboard and the quality of graphics card. It is impossible to buy a computer in one step, and the most cost-effective one is the most suitable one, as long as there is suitable upgrade space. For example, an ordinary home computer mainly has three functions: learning, entertainment and surfing the Internet, so the configuration does not need to be very high, as long as it can run mainstream system software and application software to meet the needs of ordinary applications. This can not only save the cost of buying a computer, but also effectively prevent the waste caused by idle functions.
We can determine the budget first, try to choose the components with high cost performance within the limited budget range, and strive to keep the budget allocation of all spare parts balanced. For example, if you want to play the latest 3D games, you should focus on strengthening CPU, graphics card and memory. If you surf the Internet frequently, a good "cat" is indispensable; Typewriter composition, just consider the capacity of memory and hard disk.
You can also roughly set a budget ceiling, and then choose accessories according to your actual needs and personal preferences. In this way, in addition to highlighting the performance of a certain aspect, you can also experience the latest hardware equipment if conditions permit. Of course, you need to pay attention to keeping the performance of each accessory roughly equal.
Recommended configuration:
CPU Pentium 3 or above
Memory above 256M
Graphics card 32M
Sound card 16 bits
Buying a computer mainly depends on
Cpu: Instruction set is very important, so is CPU clock, even GHZ, but AMD's CPU does not mainly depend on CPU clock. I think it's the difference in core technology. AMD is divided into thousand yuan+such as 3000+ 3200+, which is divided into different products. AMD has Avalon. . Inter Milan has the latest core of Pentium Celeron, which is the best CPU at present.
The second-level cache is the most important. If the clock can reach 2M, it's a low point, no problem.
Graphics cards mainly depend on chipset, memory capacity and bit width. At present, the most popular one is 128m 128b, and the best one is 5 12bit.
Motherboard is very important to support the latest interface upgrade space brand. I don't understand this very well, so I won't talk nonsense with you.
Hard disk mainly depends on the capacity and speed of cache. The current popular cache speed is 80/ 120/ 160G 2/4/8. Only 7200 is the most suitable interface. The difference between serial port and HDD is 10 yuan, and serial port is more expensive.
Sound cards are all integrated. I don't quite understand them.
That's all I know. I may not remember it for a while, but it's also important to remember the brand.
Now give you a website and see the quotation and performance parameters for yourself.
If you don't play large-scale video games, generally P4 2.8G processor, 2.6G will do, memory is more than 256M, 7200 rpm hard disk, and cache capacity is more than 2M. Generally, expensive graphics cards are better, discrete graphics cards are better, DVD-ROM drive, 17-inch universal display and LCD monitor are better, but the price is more expensive. That's basically it.
I think so:
The CPU depends on the main frequency and the second-level cache.
The graphics card depends on the display size, bit width, display time and frequency.
The motherboard depends on the chipset.
The main reason is that the quality of this item has a great relationship with the running speed of the computer.
In fact, it is not an indicator, but a comprehensive performance, which can be used for reference.
Main frequency For the same CPU, the higher the main frequency, the faster the CPU speed and the higher the performance of the whole machine. Different kinds of CPU can't be directly compared with the main frequency because of their different internal structures. The actual performance of CPU with high main frequency is also related to the external frequency and the size of cache, while the CPU with special instructions depends on the optimization degree of software to some extent.
The relationship between external frequency and frequency multiplier CPU frequency and external frequency is: CPU frequency = external frequency × frequency multiplier.
Internal cache, secondary cache MMX technology, 3D instruction technology.
It is not difficult to distinguish the performance of CPU, just look at the numbers. For example, the higher the CPU number of Pentium, the better, such as 1.9, 3.0. Of course, the latter is better than the former. There are doorways to see CPU brands. At present, there are two main CPU manufacturers, AMD and INTEL, and INTEL has Pentium, Celeron and Core. Celeron processor is aimed at low-end users, and its performance is slightly poor. Pentium has a higher competition for users. Generally Celeron 2.4 is equivalent to Pentium 2.0. The core processor is the latest technology and will soon replace Pentium. The performance of the lowest-end Core is not much different from that of the highest-end Pentium, but the price is a bit expensive.
AMD is another CPU manufacturer, and AMD processors are more suitable for playing games. AMD processors are also judged according to the following numbers, such as 2600,3000. The higher the number, the better the performance. AMD is mainly divided into amphibians and raptors. Shanlong is aimed at the low end, while Athlon is aimed at the high end. At the same time, they also targeted Intel processors, Snapdragon targeted Celeron, and Athlon targeted Pentium. For example, the processor of Snapdragon 2600 is Celeron 2.6, and the processor of Athlon 3000 is Pentium 3.0.
That's basically it. I hope what I said can help you.
As an old user who has used computers for a long time, it is inevitable that he will go to friends or colleagues' homes to help maintain and repair computers, and sometimes help people buy PCs. At this time, we will definitely bring hardware detection software. However, no one can always carry these softwares with him. What if I don't have the right testing software at hand? You can't know nothing about this, can you? That will greatly damage your image as a master. In fact, we can clearly check the configuration of computer hardware without these softwares. Let's study together.
First, check the hardware configuration during POST.
After the machine is assembled, you can start the test even without installing the operating system, and the hardware configuration introduction is hidden in the self-test screen (if you want to see it clearly, remember to reach out and hold down the "pause" button in time).
1. Graphics card information
The first hardware to be checked during power-on self-test is the graphics card, so the lines appearing in the upper left corner of the screen after power-on are the introduction of the "personal data" of the graphics card. In these four lines, the first line "GeForce4 MX440" indicates that the display core of the graphics card is geforce 4mx440, which supports AGP 8X technology; The second line "Version ..." indicates the version of the graphics card BIOS. We can squeeze the performance of the graphics card by updating the BIOS version of the graphics card. Of course, this line will change after the update. The third line "Copyright (c) ... is the manufacturer's copyright information, indicating the chip manufacturer and the copyright year of the manufacturer; The fourth line "64.0MB RAM" indicates the memory capacity of the graphics card.
2. Information about 2. CPU, hard disk, memory and optical drive
After displaying the basic information of the graphics card, the second self-check screen immediately appears, showing more hardware information, such as CPU model, main frequency, memory capacity, hard disk, CD-ROM information and so on. The top two lines of the screen indicate the BIOS version of the motherboard and the copyright information of the BIOS manufacturer; The following text is clear at a glance, of course, it is the motherboard chipset; The next few lines represent CPU frequency, memory capacity and speed. Hehe, my CPU and memory are overclocked, so the frequency is not very regular; The next four lines of "IDE……" indicate the devices connected to the IDE master-slave interface, including hard disk model and CD model.
3. Motherboard information
At the bottom of the second self-check screen, there will also be a line of information about the motherboard. The previous date shows the BIOS update date of the current motherboard, and the symbol behind it is the code adopted by the motherboard. According to the code, you can know the chipset model and manufacturer of the motherboard. In the past, the self-inspection chart of the old motherboard was marked with the motherboard chipset in the middle of the bottom text, but this board was mentioned in the self-inspection chart.
Press the "DEL" key after booting to enter the BIOS setup page. You can also see the hardware information of the machine in the basic information, which is no different from that shown in the boot screen.
Second, check the hardware configuration using Device Manager.
After entering the operating system, when installing the hardware driver, you can also use the device manager and DirectX diagnostic tools to view the hardware configuration. Let's see how to view hardware information using Device Manager. Enter the desktop, right-click the "My Computer" icon, select "Properties" in the menu that appears, open the "System Properties" window, and click "Hardware-Device Manager". All hardware devices configured by the machine will be displayed in the "Device Manager". Optical drive, disk controller chip, CPU, disk drive, display, keyboard, sound, video and other information are arranged from top to bottom, and the graphics card is at the bottom. Want to know what kind of hardware information, just click the "+"in front of it to expand the content below it.
Using Device Manager, you can not only see the general hardware information, but also know the working mode of motherboard chip, sound card and hard disk in detail. For example, if you want to check the working mode of the hard disk, double-click the corresponding IDE channel to pop up the properties window, where you can check the device type and transmission mode of the hard disk. These are all things that the boot screen can't provide.
It should be noted that the device manager provided in the operating system before Windows Xp cannot be used to check the working frequency of the CPU. Fortunately, we also have DirectX diagnostic tools.
Third, use DirectX diagnostic tools to check the hardware configuration (the most commonly used method)
DirectX diagnostic tool can help us to test, diagnose and modify the working state of hardware, and of course we can also use it to check the hardware configuration of the machine. Run the "System Information" window and find "Tools-DirectX Diagnostic Tools" (or run Dxdiag.exe in the System32 directory under the Windows directory where the drive is installed), so you can easily view the hardware information in the window.
1. View basic information
Click the system tab in the DirectX diagnostic tool window, and the current date, computer name, operating system, system manufacturer and BIOS version, CPU processor frequency and memory capacity can be seen at a glance. Note that although I overclocked Celeron from 2.0MHz to 2.40MHz, DirectX does not recognize this account and still shows the original frequency without overclocking. It seems that we can identify whether profiteers sell overclocked CPU to us without AIDA32! !
2. Check the graphics card information
Click the "Display" tab in the "DirectX Diagnostic Tool" window, where we can see general information such as the graphics card manufacturer, display chip type, memory capacity, graphics card driver version, monitor and so on.
3. Check the audio information
Audio equipment is often overlooked, but it is impossible without it. Click on the "Sound" tab to learn more! In the same window, you can see the name of the device, the manufacturer and its driver, and so on. The difference is that we can also click "Test DirectSound(T)" in the lower right corner to test the sound card simply.