1. Ministry of Health
The Ministry of Health is an integral part of the State Council, and its main responsibilities in food management are as follows:
① Promote the reform of the medical and health system. Formulate strategic objectives, plans and policies for health reform and development, draft laws and regulations on health, food safety, pharmacy and medical devices, formulate laws and regulations on health, food safety, drugs and medical devices, and formulate relevant standards and technical specifications according to law.
(2) To undertake the comprehensive coordination of food safety, organize the investigation and handling of major food safety accidents, organize the formulation of food safety standards, be responsible for the safety risk assessment and early warning of food and related products, formulate the qualification certification conditions and inspection specifications of food safety inspection institutions, and uniformly release major food safety information.
(3) Responsible for health emergency work, formulate health emergency plans and policies and measures, be responsible for monitoring, early warning and risk assessment of public health emergencies, guide the implementation of public health emergency prevention and control and emergency response, and release emergency response information of public health emergencies.
(4) to guide and standardize the health administrative law enforcement work, be responsible for the supervision and management of occupational health, radiation health, environmental health and school health according to the division of responsibilities, be responsible for the supervision and management of health and safety in public places and drinking water, and be responsible for the supervision and control of infectious diseases.
⑤ Cooperate with the US Food and Drug Administration to promote the integration of food safety supervision team in a timely manner.
The Ministry of Health has 15 internal institutions, among which the following three are most closely related to food management.
(1) Policy and Regulation Department. Drafting fence laws and regulations, and organizing the formulation of health policies and standards; Drafting departmental regulations; To undertake the legality review of relevant normative documents of this organ; To undertake relevant administrative reconsideration and administrative litigation.
(2) Health Emergency Office (public health emergency command center). To formulate plans, systems, schemes and measures for health emergency and emergency medical rescue; To guide health emergency activities such as prevention and preparation, monitoring and early warning, treatment and rescue, analysis and evaluation of public health emergencies; Guide local governments to implement the prevention and control of public health emergencies and other emergencies and emergency medical rescue; Organize the implementation of emergency measures to prevent and control sudden acute infectious diseases; Organize and implement emergency medical rescue for major disasters, terrorist activities, poisoning incidents, nuclear accidents and radiation accidents; Release information on emergency handling of public health emergencies.
③ Comprehensive coordination of food safety and health supervision bureau. Organizing the formulation of food safety standards; To undertake the organization and investigation of major food safety accidents; Organizing food safety monitoring, risk assessment and early warning; To formulate the conditions and inspection standards recognized by food safety inspection institutions; To undertake the release of major food safety information; Guide and standardize health administrative law enforcement; Responsible for the supervision and management of occupational health, radiation health, environmental health and school health according to the division of responsibilities; Responsible for the hygiene supervision and management of public places and drinking water; Responsible for the prevention and control of infectious diseases; Rectify and standardize the medical service market and organize the investigation and punishment of illegal acts; Supervise major medical and health violations.
2. US Food and Drug Administration States
The State Food and Drug Administration of the United States is a national bureau (deputy ministerial level) managed by the Ministry of Health. Its main responsibilities in food supervision and management are: ① to formulate policies, plan and supervise the implementation of food safety supervision and management in the fields of drugs, medical devices, cosmetics and consumption, and to participate in drafting relevant laws, regulations and departmental rules; (2) Responsible for food hygiene licensing and food safety supervision and management in consumption; (3) Formulating and supervising the implementation of food safety management standards in the field of consumption, conducting food safety investigation and monitoring in the field of consumption, and releasing relevant information on food safety supervision in the field of consumption; (four) to investigate and deal with illegal acts in the research and development, production, circulation and use of drugs, medical devices and cosmetics in the field of food safety and consumption; (five) to guide the supervision and management, emergency, inspection and information construction of local food and drug-related aspects; 6. Carry out international exchanges and cooperation related to food and drug supervision and management; All landowners are responsible for the supervision and management of health food, except as otherwise provided by laws and regulations; The Ministry of Health and the State Food and Drug Administration will promote the integration of food safety supervision teams in due course.
The National Food and Drug Administration of the United States has internal organs 10 (deputy bureau level), among which the Policy and Regulation Department, the Food Safety Supervision Department and the Inspection Bureau have the closest relationship with food management.
3. Ministry of Agriculture
The Ministry of Agriculture is the department in charge of agriculture and rural economic development in the State Council. The main responsibilities of the Ministry of Agriculture in grain management are: ① to study and formulate agricultural industrial policies, guide the rational adjustment of agricultural industrial structure, the rational allocation of agricultural resources and the improvement of product quality; Put forward policy suggestions on prices of agricultural products and agricultural means of production, tariff adjustment, circulation of bulk agricultural products, rural credit, taxation and agricultural financial subsidies; Organize the drafting of laws and regulations on farming, animal husbandry, fishery, township enterprises and other agricultural industries. (2) To study and formulate the principles and policies of agricultural industrialization management and the development plan for the market system construction of bulk agricultural products. Promote the integration of agriculture before, during and after delivery; Organize and coordinate the vegetable basket project and the construction of the agricultural means of production market system; To study and put forward suggestions on the import and export of major agricultural products and important agricultural means of production; Forecast and publish rural economic information such as the supply and demand of agricultural products and agricultural means of production. (three) to formulate technical standards for various agricultural industries and organize their implementation; Organize the implementation of quality supervision and certification of agricultural products and green food and the protection of new varieties of agricultural plants; Organize the domestic production and import of seeds, pesticides, veterinary drugs, related fertilizers and other products, as well as the supervision and management of agricultural machinery safety. (4) Drafting draft laws and regulations on animal and plant epidemic prevention and quarantine, signing intergovernmental agreements and formulating relevant standards; Organize and supervise the domestic animal and plant epidemic prevention and quarantine work, release the epidemic situation and organize the eradication.
The Ministry of Agriculture has 16 functional divisions (departments, bureaus and offices), among which the most closely related to food management are the Industrial Policy and Regulation Division, the Market and Economic Information Division, the Planting Management Division, the Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Bureau and the Fisheries Bureau.
4. General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine
The General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine (ministerial level) is an institution directly under the State Council, which is in charge of national quality, metrology, entry-exit commodity inspection, entry-exit health quarantine, entry-exit animal and plant quarantine, certification and accreditation, standardization, etc. , the exercise of administrative law enforcement functions.
The General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine mainly exercises the functions of food quality inspection and quarantine. * * * Internal organization 18 (director level), among which the departments most closely related to food management are Law and Regulation Department, Quality Management Department, Health and Quarantine Supervision Department, Animal and Plant Quarantine Supervision Department, Inspection and Supervision Department, Import and Export Food Safety Bureau, Product Quality Supervision Department, Food Production Supervision Department and Law Enforcement Supervision Department.
5. State Administration for Industry and Commerce
The State Administration for Industry and Commerce is directly affiliated to the State Council. Its main responsibilities in food management are: ① Responsible for market supervision and administrative law enforcement, drafting relevant laws and regulations, and formulating industrial and commercial administrative rules and policies. (2) To be responsible for the supervision and management of commodity quality in the circulation field and food safety in the circulation link, organize consumer rights protection work in related service fields, investigate and deal with illegal acts such as counterfeiting and shoddy according to the division of labor, guide consumers to consult, appeal, report acceptance, processing and network system construction, and protect the legitimate rights and interests of operators and consumers.
The State Administration for Industry and Commerce has * * * internal organs 13 (bureau level), among which the Regulation Department, Consumer Protection Bureau, Food Circulation Supervision and Administration Department and Enterprise Registration Bureau have the closest relationship with food management.