1, sheep shed.
The shed should be located in a place with high terrain, sunny, leeward, monotonous, satisfactory water source, excellent water quality, flat area and excellent drainage, and should avoid the winter tuyere, low-lying areas prone to floods and mudslides, and consider the convenience of grazing, forage (material) transportation and loading and unloading. Sheep shed can be built into a single slope open shed or fully enclosed. Generally, the back wall height of single-slope shed type is 1.8m, the roof inclination angle is 15 degrees, the fully enclosed wall height is 2.3-2.5m, and the door width is 1.5-2m. The ground of the sheep shed is 20-30 cm higher than the shed, and it is paved into a slope to facilitate drainage. Generally, each adult sheep covers an area of about 1.5-2 square meters; Pregnant ewes, lactating sheep and breeding rams occupy a slightly larger area. The shed should be ventilated monotonously, warm in winter and cool in summer as far as possible, and a playground should be set up outside the shed, with an area of about twice that of the sheep shed. It allows sheep to move freely on the playground, eat fresh air and bask in the sun; The air condition in the same shed can also be restored.
2. Environmental sanitation.
To raise sheep in a house, we should pay attention to improving the clean environment, often cleaning the ground, replacing straw mats, paying attention to ventilation, insisting on cleanliness, monotony and cleanliness in the house, and stacking feces and dirt for fermentation.
3. Prepare high-quality forage.
The preparation and preparation of forage is the key to the success of raising sheep in houses. Attention should be paid to the following problems: (1) Straw silage is used for forage processing. Generally, the harvested corn stalks are cut and dried 1 day, cut into sections of 0.5-2 cm, and then silage. In addition, using microbial fermentation, using "Baibaoli" or EM bacteria to ferment strains, spraying wet mixed damaged crop straws or agricultural and sideline products, such as wheat straw, corn straw, peanut seedlings, peanut shells, corn cob powder, etc. , sealed in cylinders, barrels or plastic bags, and eaten after anaerobic fermentation. (2) Moldy and deteriorated feed, sprouted potatoes and sweet potatoes suffering from black spot disease cannot be used as feed for sheep, and cottonseed cakes and rapeseed cakes can only be used after detoxification, but they must be quantified. (3) Leafy vegetable feed and tender green feed contain more nitrate, which can be converted into nitrite under the action of nitrate reductase bacteria in rumen, which is harmful to the health of sheep and needs to be fed quantitatively.
4. Pay attention to all production links.
The main production links of raising sheep are: judging, shearing, carding, breeding, lambing and feeding, weaning and grouping lambs, etc. The arrangement of each production link should be completed as soon as possible.
5. Make an immunization plan.
There are many common epidemic diseases in sheep, such as foot-and-mouth disease, brucellosis, anthrax, streptococcosis, contagious pleuropneumonia, epidemic disease, sudden onset, enterotoxemia, lamb dysentery and so on. Serious harm should be based on the local epidemic characteristics, should consult the local veterinary department, formulate a reasonable immunization plan, and vaccinate on time according to the procedures. Attention should be paid to vaccination: (1) Know the age, pregnancy, lactation and health status of the sheep to be vaccinated. Vaccination of weak or sick sheep may cause various reactions. You should explain your understanding, or don't vaccinate for the time being. (2) For ewes in the late pregnancy, it should be noted that if the pregnancy has exceeded three months, vaccination should be temporarily stopped to prevent miscarriage. (3) Lambs less than half a month old are generally not injected except for emergency immunization. (4) Before inoculation, the validity period, batch number and manufacturer of the vaccine should be recorded for inspection, and one end of the inoculated needle should be replaced.
6, strict disinfection.
Build fences, walls, fences, etc. It should be disinfected frequently. Generally, it is divided into two processes: step one, mechanical cleaning; Step two, use disinfectant. Sheep sheds and sports fields are disinfected once a week, and whole sheep sheds are disinfected with 2-4% sodium hydroxide or with 1: 1800-3000 chlorpyrifos. The sheep farm should be equipped with a disinfection room, ultraviolet lamps should be installed at both ends and the top wall of the room, a disinfection pool should be set on the ground, and 4% sodium hydroxide solution should be soaked in sacks or straw mats. Admission personnel should change their shoes, wear special work clothes and make registration.
7, regular deworming.
Sheep are prone to parasitic diseases. Generally, it is 1 time in April-May in spring and10-1time in late autumn. In that year, lambs should be deworming 1 time in July and August, so as to reduce the probability of sheep being infected with parasites, ensure that sheep can gain weight and spend the winter safely. In order to control the harm of ectoparasites to the health of sheep, healthy sheep can take medicine bath twice in March-April and June10-165438+10 every year. Commonly used medicinal baths include phoxim (0.25%-0.5%), lindane EC (0.025%) and chlordimeform (0.2%). Ivermectin, praziquantel, albendazole, etc. It is mainly used for deworming in vivo. After deworming, the feces are fermented or disinfected for 1-3 days to kill parasite eggs.