After the Qin Dynasty established Changsha County to destroy Chu, in the twenty-fourth year of Qin Shihuang (223 BC), Changsha County was established in the southeast of Qianzhong County, the former Chu State. It is one of the 36 counties in Qin Dynasty. Since then, Changsha has appeared as an independent administrative division name, and the county is under the jurisdiction of Changsha city. ?
The Han Dynasty sealed Changsha.
In the fifth year of Emperor Gaozu of Changsha (the first 202 years), Wu Rui was named King of Changsha, Changsha was established, Xiang County was changed to Qin, Changsha was the capital, and the city wall was built. Since then, the ancient city of Changsha has a history of more than 2200 years. After Wu Rui, there was no heir after five biographies. In the second year of Emperor Jing of Han Dynasty (155), Liu Fa, an illegitimate child, was made King of Changsha. After the Seventh Biography, Wang Mang usurped the Han Dynasty and the country was excluded. ?
Jia Yi was demoted to Changsha.
Four years before Jia Yi was demoted to the Chinese Emperor of Changsha (BC 176), Jia Yi was demoted to Changsha as the king's wife, lived here for three years, and wrote Qu Yuan Fu and? Bird Fu is a precedent of Han Fu in the history of China literature. Jia Yi recorded the household registration number of "25,000 households in Changsha" for the first time, inferring that Changsha was already a vassal capital with a population of about 100,000 in the Western Han Dynasty. ?
Zhang Zhongjing was appointed as Changsha satrap.
Zhang Zhongjing was appointed as Changsha satrap Zhang Zhongjing (about 150 ~ 2 19), a famous doctor in the late Eastern Han Dynasty. Famous machine, Nanyang people. In his early years, he studied medicine in Zhangbozu, the same county. After Guangxu's revival, he became the magistrate of Changsha. At that time, typhoid fever (Chinese medicine refers to all exogenous fever) was prevalent, and nine times out of ten people died of it. Zhang saw a doctor in the lobby for the common people, and then Chinese medicine practitioners were called to a fixed place to "sit in the hall". Zhang assiduously studied ancient medical books, extensively collected all kinds of effective prescriptions, and combined with his own medical experience, wrote Treatise on Febrile Diseases, a model of traditional Chinese medicine. ?
Sun Jian arise and beg Dong Zhuo.
Before and after the tripartite confrontation between Dong Zhuo and Sun Jian, Changsha was the place where Sun Shi made his fortune in Soochow. When Sun Jian was the prefect of Changsha, Dong Zhuo stole the state's handle, and all the governors rose up and conquered it. Sun Jian took the lead in the crusade. ?
Built Yuelu Academy
Yuelu Academy was founded in the ninth year of Kaibao in Song Taizu (976). Zhu Dong, the secretariat of Tanzhou, founded Yuelu Academy at the foot of Yuelu Mountain. In the fourth year of Xianping (100 1), he was awarded the imperial academy Classic by the imperial court. In the eighth year of Dazhong Xiangfu (10 15), Zhenzong summoned the Zhou family in Shanchang, presented a book, and inscribed "Yuelu Academy" on the plaque, so "the name of academy is famous all over the world". In the first year of Avenue (1 165), Ambassador Anfu of Hunan invited Zhang? He has been in charge of this main road for three years. Zhu came to Hunan from Fujian and gave lectures at Yuelu Academy. Zhang Zhu's lecture is an important event in the history of Yuelu Academy. From the Yuan and Ming Dynasties to the Qing Dynasty, academies had their ups and downs. In the 29th year of Guangxu (1903), Yuelu Academy was changed into a Hunan institution of higher learning. 1926 was officially named Hunan University, and its teaching has continued to this day. ?
Xin Qiji founded the Flying Tiger Army.
Xin Qiji founded the Flying Tiger Army for six years (1 179). Xin Qiji, a patriotic poet who advocated the Anti-Japanese War, knew Tanzhou, served as an envoy of Hunan and established the Flying Tiger Army in Changsha. This is a very strong team, which makes Jin people afraid. ?
Li Fei Kangyuan
At the end of Yuan and Song Dynasties, Hunan Anfu made Li Fu defend Tanzhou against Yuan Dynasty. He led the whole city's soldiers and civilians trapped for months under the attack of Mongolian fighters, ran out of ammunition and food, and Yuan soldiers entered the city. After killing the whole family 19, Li Fei died heroically. Men, Yang Zhen and Yan fought to the end and committed suicide. There are countless people killed by their families in Changsha. ?
He Tengjiao Kangqing
He Tengjiao swept the Central Plains after opposing the Qing army. He Tengjiao, the governor of Huguang, Sichuan and Yunnan, was stationed in Changsha. In the case of fierce ethnic conflicts, he joined forces with Liu Tiren, Hao, Li Jin, Yuan Zongdi and Li Zicheng to rally in Hunan to fight against the southern Qing soldiers side by side. After He Tengjiao was defeated and captured, he refused to surrender and was killed after seven days of hunger strike. It was not until the fourth year of Shunzhi in the Qing Dynasty that Changsha was incorporated into the territory of the Qing Dynasty. Li Jin and Li Laiheng led their troops to Sichuan to continue the anti-Qing movement. ?
Taiping Army attacked Changsha.
Taiping Army attacked Changsha Qing Xianfeng for two years (1852). The leaders of Taiping Army, Hong Xiuquan, Yang, Xiao Chaogui, Shi Dakai and others led the troops to attack Changsha, but the walls of Changsha were thick and long, and could not be captured. In September of that year, Xiao Chaogui, the Queen Mother of the West, was hit by a shell of the Qing army during the siege and died heroically. ?
Turn Changsha into a trading port
In the 29th year of Guangxu (1903), Changsha was established as a trading port, and the Qing government opened Changsha as a trading port according to Article 10 of the Sino-Japanese Trade Ship Renewal. Due to the extreme decay of the Qing Dynasty, the scope of ports was not determined when the contract was renewed, which led to the influx of imperialist forces such as Japan, Britain and France, and the imperialist aggression against Changsha and Hunan as a whole deepened. ?
The "Southern Institute" was established.
Nanshe was founded in1898 February 2 1. Tan Sitong, Pi, Tang and others initiated the establishment of the reformed political group "Nanshe" in Changsha. Tan Sitong and President Pi set up a general meeting in Changsha and set up branches in various counties. Learn to take "the principle of patriotism, the method of asking for people, and the method of asking for death" as its purpose. The meeting is held every seven days, with speakers such as Tan Sitong, Pi, Huang Zunxian and Tang. So as to promote new learning and reform to save the country. It was dissolved after the coup in 1898. ?
Establish a current affairs school
During the Reform Movement of 1898, a new school was founded by the reformists in Changsha, Hunan. Initiated by Tan Sitong, initiated by Hunan Governor Chen Baozhen, provincial judges Huang Zunxian and Zheng Xuejiangbiao, it was established in Changsha on June 1897. Xiong Xiling is the president of the sports school, Liang Qichao is the general Chinese teacher, and Europe, Korea, Wenju and Tang are the deputy teachers. In the spring of 1898, there were more than 200 teachers and students in the school. The teaching content includes classics, history, philosophers and western politics, law and natural science. 1898 After the coup, it was changed to Qiushi College. ?
Huaxing Hui was established.
Huaxing Club was established in Changsha on February 1904. Huang Xing is the president, and Song and Wei Liu are the vice presidents. With the aim of "expelling Tatars and rejuvenating China" and the strategic policy of "dominating one province and competing with other provinces", the Qing government was overthrown. Set up "Huaxing Company" as the general organ, set up the Han Huang Association to contact the army, set up the Association to contact the party with the enemy, and strengthen the revolutionary forces. The following year, it joined hands with the Zhong Xing Association to establish the China League in Tokyo. ?
Rice fever in Changsha
Rice Harvest in Changsha 1909 Floods, insect pests and crop failure occurred in Hunan. Bureaucrats, landlords, speculators and foreign firms took the opportunity to hoard grain or smuggle it out of the country, resulting in a shortage of grain and rice, and the price of rice soared. 191April 12, Changsha people smashed the price-increasing shops and demanded to level them down. The governor of Hunan ordered a crackdown and arrested Liu Yongfu, a carpenter who led the destruction of the rice shop. In June of 5438+03, thousands of people surrounded the patrol bureau of Aoshan Temple, demanding the release of Liu Yongfu and fighting with the Qing army with their bare hands. In two days, people gathered 10000, destroyed more than 0/00 rice shops, set fire to yamen, customs and Daqing Bank, and destroyed foreign consulates, foreign firms, post offices and churches. In June of 5438+08, British, American, French and German warships cooperated with the Qing army to suppress, and hundreds of people were arrested, with numerous casualties. The Qing government deposed Cen Chunxuan, the governor, showing a dull face before the agitation subsided. ?
Hunan Guangfu
After the Wuchang Uprising in Hunan, the first response was the Hunan revolutionaries. 19 1 1 year 10/October 22nd, Jiao Dafeng and Chen led the new army and revolutionary fighters of the Party to occupy Changsha City, and Governor Yu Chengge fled. That night, the Hunan military government was established, with Jiao and Ren as deputy governors. 10 year 10 on 23rd, the Governor's Senate was mainly composed of the original consultative council, Tan Yan? As speaker. 65438+1October 3 1 Tan instigated Mei Xinfa, the new army steward, to launch a coup, kill Jiao and others, establish himself as commander-in-chief and usurp the leadership of the Hunan military government. ?
Push a movement
Zhang was appointed as the governor of Hunan Province and exercised cruel rule over the people. 1965438+In September, 2009, others contacted people in the education and publishing circles in Hunan Province and launched a strike movement by Zhang. In June 5438+February of the same year, he led Xinmin Society and Hunan Student Federation to organize a general strike for more than 10,000 teachers and students in Changsha, and sent delegations to Beijing, Shanghai, Hengyang and other places to expand publicity. At the same time, he used the contradiction between Wu Hexiang, a direct warlord stationed in Hengyang, and Zhang to put pressure on him. 1June, 920, Zhang retreated from Hunan, and Zhang Qian's movement ended successfully. ?
Xinmin Society was founded.
Xinmin Society was established in April 2008+1965438, and Mao Zedong and Cai Hesen established Xinmin Society in Changsha, with the purpose of "transforming China and the world", discussing current events, studying Russian revolutionary experience and seeking ways and means to transform China. Before the establishment of China * * * Production Party, it was the core anti-imperialist and anti-feudal organization in Hunan. 19 19 may 4th movement, 19 19 September to1June 920 Hunan Zhang's drive-away movement,1September 920 to/June 2 Hunan's autonomy movement. By the end of 1920, the membership has grown to more than 70 people. 192 1, many members joined the socialist youth league and the * * * production group and learned to stop their activities. ?
Ma Ri incident
Ma Ri incident On May 26th, Xu Kexiang, head of the 33rd Regiment of the 35th Army of Kuomintang He Jian, launched an uprising in Changsha, attacking trade unions, peasant associations and revolutionary organizations in Hunan, killing more than 65,438,000 people including party member and workers and peasants. The Japanese 2 1 telegram rhymes with the word "horse", so this event is called "Ma Ri incident". ?
the Autumn Harvest Uprising
Autumn Harvest Uprising 1927 After the August 7th meeting, Mao Zedong returned to Hunan according to the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China's instructions, and organized and led the Autumn Harvest Uprising on the Hunan-Jiangxi border. On August 18, the first meeting of the reorganized Hunan Provincial Party Committee was held in Dawu, Shenyang, Changsha, to discuss the formulation of the autumn harvest uprising plan and the establishment of the former enemy Committee, the leading organ of the autumn harvest uprising. At the beginning of September, the First Division of the First Army of the Workers and Peasants Revolutionary Army was established. Lu Deming as commander in chief, Mao Zedong as secretary of the former enemy committee. The autumn harvest uprising broke out on September 9, and the revolutionary army of workers and peasants attacked Changsha from Xiushui, Anyuan and Tonggu respectively. Because the revolution is at a low tide, the enemy is strong and we are weak, and some commanders of the rebels are inexperienced, which has caused serious setbacks to the rebels. Mao Zedong made a decisive decision, called Wen Gu's former enemy committee, decided to change the plan of attacking Changsha, and the troops marched into the middle of the Luo Xiao Mountains. On the 29th, the troops arrived in Sanwan Village, Yongxin County, Jiangxi Province, and were reorganized. On June+10, 5438, the troops arrived in Jinggangshan area and founded the first rural revolutionary base. ?
Form the first front army of the Chinese Workers and Peasants Red Army
The First Army of the Chinese Workers and Peasants Red Army was established in Yonghe, Liuyang on August 1930, with Zhu De as the commander-in-chief and Mao Zedong as the general political commissar, also known as the "Central Red Army" or the "Red Army". After the Long March, he arrived in northern Shaanxi on June 1935 and joined forces with 15 Red Army Corps. 1 1 15 The Army Corps was incorporated into the organizational system of the First Army in 10. After the start of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, the First Army was organized as the Eighth Route Army 1 15 Division. ?
Changsha fire
Changsha fire 1938 10 Japanese invaders occupied Changsha, 1 10 captured Yueyang. Changsha is 0/30 km away from Yueyang/KLOC-,and the Japanese plane keeps bombing Changsha, and rumors are everywhere in Changsha. Xu Kun, the commander of Changsha Police, the head of the Second Police Corps, and Wen Zhongfu, the director of Changsha Police Department, who are in charge of maintaining Changsha's public order, carried out Chiang Kai-shek's instructions of "scorched earth for the war of resistance" and ordered the military and police to set fire to the city on the night of1/kloc-0. By 14, the fire was put out. Two-thirds of the houses in Changsha were destroyed, resulting in huge property losses, and more than 20,000 residents were burned to death. After the fire, the Japanese army did not immediately invade Changsha. In order to quell public anger and shirk responsibility, the Kuomintang government had to shoot Xu Kun and Wen Zhongfu. Zhang Zhizhong, then chairman of the Hunan Provincial Government, was also punished. ?
Changsha Municipal People's Government was established.
Changsha Municipal People's Government was established on August 5, 1949. Cheng Qian and Chen Mingren, senior Kuomintang generals stationed in Changsha, revolted and Changsha was peacefully liberated. Changsha Municipal People's Government was established.