1, tap customer needs, and make clear what the enterprise or senior management wants to achieve through informatization. If he doesn't know, you can find a successful case online and tell him what kind of effect he can achieve. Then ask him to confirm whether it needs to be realized.
2. Define the scope of the project: Find out what you need to do to achieve his goals and intentions.
3. If it is a traditional enterprise, first find out how many things other enterprises have to do, what are the steps to do everything, who initiated it and who approved it. -The process is clear.
4. After the above problems are clear, how and why can you adjust the above processes through your information technology? Can the adjustment improve efficiency or save costs? Then let the enterprise decide whether to adjust.
5. After all the above are confirmed, we will start programming, cooperation and so on.
6. Pay attention to the hardware architecture, invest once as much as possible, and reduce the update frequency. This is a way of thinking and a quality.
7. Customer relations must be done, and there are too many places to communicate. The project manager should understand how the spoken language of various customers relates to the terminology of your enterprise.
8. Do a good job in change confirmation and change control. Change can be accumulated. Don't be busy modifying them first, and then gather them into a big package to negotiate with the enterprise. If the cost is not big, you can provide changes or upgrades free of charge. The total cost is high, so a supplementary contract needs to be signed. If it is too big, sign an installment contract. Finally, the success of the project must be a technical and commercial success.
Project-based manufacturing, also known as design to order (ETO), is a complex and unique mode of production in manufacturing industry. Because each product (batch) needs a lot of customized design and manufacturing work according to the requirements of specific customer contracts, and the products are delivered within the specified time limit, the corresponding overall business process has typical attributes such as one-off, uniqueness and target certainty. Project-based manufacturing is common in equipment manufacturing and national defense and military manufacturing, such as large-scale power equipment manufacturing and shipbuilding.
Business management of ETO enterprises needs the business process of project manufacturing, which generally starts with sales business and ends with after-sales service business, and runs through the business processes of product development, supporting procurement, product production and product delivery driven by project plan. At each business process stage, the business management needs of project-based manufacturing enterprises are different.
In the product sales stage, the sales staff of the enterprise need to be able to refer to the cost of similar historical products, provide reasonable quotations to customers, and promise reasonable delivery time to customers according to the production and operation of the enterprise. R&D, production and other business personnel also need to participate in this process to conduct a comprehensive and systematic review of the technical feasibility and delivery schedule of the project contract.
In the product development stage, product designers and technicians need systematic knowledge reuse means to develop or modify products quickly and efficiently according to historical products or basic products (obtained from product pre-research work and not included in the work breakdown plan based on customer contracts).
In the supporting procurement stage, on the one hand, the purchaser needs to make predictive procurement of materials with long procurement lead time based on historical experience (not included in the work breakdown plan based on customer contracts); On the other hand, it should be closely integrated with product development to make up for the omissions in purchasing forecast as soon as possible.
In the product production stage, due to the huge differences between each product (batch), project-based manufacturing enterprises need to have better flexible production capacity.
In the product delivery stage, project-based manufacturing enterprises often need to send special personnel to install, debug and train the delivered products on site. After the product is delivered, it is necessary to calculate the project cost and evaluate the project performance.
In the after-sales maintenance stage, project-based manufacturing enterprises need to provide product accessories and personalized services for different products (batches). This can not only bring new income to enterprises, but also improve customer satisfaction and loyalty, laying a good foundation for subsequent product sales.
ETO enterprise management informatization demand
Based on the above analysis of enterprise management requirements, we can see that the management information requirements of project-based manufacturing enterprises involve the combination of project management, product data/product life cycle (PDM/PLM) management, enterprise resource planning (ERP), customer relationship management (CRM) and other applications.
Work breakdown planning is the core foundation for project-based manufacturing enterprises to carry out planning, resource allocation, cost accounting and other businesses, and the realization of its information system needs to introduce project management applications.
Enterprises should record and compare the configuration of historical products, manage the data and processes related to the design and change of new products, and make clear the effectiveness of the use of parts in each product (batch). PDM/PLM application needs to introduce information system; In order to master the history and present situation of enterprise's production, operation and financial data, plan and manage enterprise's logistics and capital flow, it is necessary to introduce ERP application into information system; In order to better manage existing and potential customers and provide more comprehensive and thoughtful customer service, CRM applications need to be introduced into information systems.