Theoretically speaking, employees engaged in the civil administration system, including welfare, community and neighborhood committees, can all be positioned as social workers. Usually refers to professionals engaged in teaching, research and practice of social work. Western countries mainly refer to people who serve in various social welfare institutions or facilities. Our country generally refers to the personnel who are engaged in social services such as social welfare, social security, social customs reform and social grass-roots management in state organs and mass organizations. The social work team is basically composed of three parts: ① people who graduated from regular social work colleges and obtained bachelor's, master's and doctor's degrees in social work; Under the guidance of people with rich social work experience, people who can complete social work tasks; (three) personnel engaged in social services in the grassroots units of social work. Social workers should have the following conditions: ① Good professional ethics. It has a sense of social responsibility and dedication to serve the members of society sincerely, a democratic concept of respecting customers' dominant position, and a character of self-denial and dedication in work. Some countries have codes for social workers, which stipulate the behavior, attitude, responsibility, morality and character of social work professionals. (2) Extensive and systematic knowledge. It is required to master the theory and knowledge of social system, state and system, economic construction, national culture, ecosystem, personality development and behavior characteristics, family and group, social service and social mutual aid organizations, community development and service. ③ Role ability. They should have multiple roles, such as executors of direct or indirect services, executors of social legislation, social policies and leadership decisions, and activists who contact and cooperate with relevant professional and technical departments, groups and personnel. This requires applying theoretical knowledge to practical work and establishing good relations with customers and other work objects; Have the ability to adapt to the objective environment of change and development and seize opportunities; Strong comprehensive generalization ability and organizational ability; Have certain imagination, association and creativity. With the development and deepening of social work, the status of social workers is becoming more and more important. Many countries have strengthened the training of social workers to improve their quality.
What is social work major? What is included?
Social work is a professional and professional social service work led by * * *, with extensive participation of social forces, with the purpose of helping others to help themselves and scientific theories and methods as the means. Main courses: introduction to sociology, introduction to social work, case and group work, community work, social management, social insurance and social welfare, social environmental protection, organizational sociology, social psychology, youth social work, etc.
What are the characteristics of social work?
The characteristic of social work is that it is different from other social services. Can be summarized as three aspects:
(1) Help others help themselves. This is the goal of social work. The value premise of social work is that human beings have the ability to change themselves and make continuous progress. Therefore, the ultimate goal of social work is to fully mobilize the initiative, enthusiasm and creativity of the parties, help them master the methods and means to overcome difficulties, promote the adaptive balance between people and the environment, and finally achieve the goal of letting the parties solve their own problems. Examda.CoM's exam is coming.
(2) Respect, trust and treat others equally. This is the value of social work. The concept of social work holds that the attitude towards people is the first important. Everyone in society is a complete individual, so we should look at people from a holistic point of view, recognize their rights and needs, and believe that their potential is enormous. Examination forum
(3) Pay attention to the utilization of social and environmental resources. It is a means of social work. People live in social environment, so social work thinks that personal problems are caused by social environment. Therefore, in order to solve this problem, we should pay attention to the utilization of social environment resources, turn unfavorable factors into favorable factors, provide material and spiritual support for the client, coordinate the relationship between the client and all parties, mobilize the subjective initiative of the client and enhance its potential ability. Examination collection and arrangement
What are the main areas of social work?
The main fields of social work.
(1) Services for children and adolescents
(2) Social services for the elderly
(3) Women's social services
(4) Rehabilitation services (for the disabled)
Physical therapy and mental rehabilitation.
There are several ways, such as in-institution rehabilitation, community rehabilitation and vocational rehabilitation.
(5) Social assistance
It is the most basic part of social security (welfare) system.
(6) Employment (promotion) service
Employment consultation, employment training, career design, etc.
What is the specific content of social work? 、
Social work, referred to as social work, is a professional activity to help others. Compared with medicine, psychology focuses on people's physiological operation, and psychology focuses on individual psychological phenomena. The focus of social work lies in the interaction between people and the environment. The purpose of social work is to help individuals, families, groups and communities adapt to their social environment, enhance or restore the energy of their social functions, and create social conditions conducive to achieving their goals, thus preventing or alleviating social problems.
Introduced function
(1) aims to help others (customers). Helping people in need is altruistic, not selfish, although social workers will also get socially recognized returns by providing services;
(2) Activities based on scientific knowledge. The complexity of modern social problems makes it necessary to master a variety of scientific knowledge in order to provide effective services;
(3) Scientific methods to help others. As a professional assistance activity in modern society, it needs effective scientific methods;
(4) It is a helpful service activity. The starting point or goal is to help each other and those in need, not to manage and control each other.
What is social work? What is included?
Social work is a kind of work to help people and solve social problems. It helps the poor, the old, the weak, the sick and other unfortunate people in society; Prevent and solve some social problems caused by economic difficulties or unhealthy lifestyles; Carry out community service, improve social functions, improve social welfare level and quality of social life, realize harmony between individuals and society, and promote social stability and development. In China, social work includes not only social welfare, social insurance and social services, but also social transformation such as changing social customs.
Content:
First of all, social work is an activity to help others. If the duty of doctors is to cure people's physical diseases, then the duty of social workers is to help those who encounter various difficulties and problems in social life first. Social work, which developed from the initial charity and charitable actions, is a noble cause full of love from the beginning, with the distinctive characteristics of helping others. However, the contemporary development of social work has surpassed the traditional activities of helping the poor in two aspects. Social work aims to provide services for all people, adjust the relationship between man and nature, create a harmonious community environment and improve people's quality of life. On the other hand, social work has developed a set of special techniques and methods, thus becoming a universally recognized profession and an indispensable professional profession in contemporary society.
Second, social work is a profession. The American Yearbook of Social Work holds that "social work is a kind of professional work. No matter whether the work object focuses on individuals or groups, it is to help them meet the needs of society according to their special needs or abilities, so as to adjust social relations and improve their lives. " In order to cultivate talents with professional knowledge and skills in social work, many countries have set up social work colleges or departments in universities to train bachelors, masters and doctors in social work. Some countries have also set up social work teaching committees to standardize social work courses and promote the development of social work teaching. Domestic 1988 started to establish social work specialty in the second half of the year. At present, social work belongs to a branch of sociology.
Third, social work is a special profession. An American scholar said in the editorial of * * *: "A new profession has matured and is maturing under our noses, and that is social work. People used to imagine social work as an activity to help the poor with baskets in hand. Now, social work is a profession that uses scientific methods and artistic means to solve various social problems. " Social work in China started late. In recent years, many people have realized that social work is different from the social services provided by the mother-in-law of traditional urban neighborhood committees. However, social work did not break away from the original occupational classification system and became a specialized occupation. The professional service of social work is mainly carried out within the traditional professional framework. From the perspective of occupational differentiation, social workers in China need to be further developed and improved.
Fourth, social work is a system. As early as 40 years ago, Vitmer wrote a book called Social Work-Analysis of Social System. In the book, he said: "Social work is a kind of help provided by organized organizations or communities to solve personal difficulties and help individuals adjust their social relations." Social work is a standardized and professional service provided by * * * or non-governmental organizations. Therefore, it has been brought into the system of modern society and become an indispensable system to implement the welfare policy and ensure social stability.
To sum up, social work is a professional occupation that aims at helping others and uses various professional knowledge, skills and methods to solve social problems. It is an important system to ensure the harmony and stability of modern society.
What are the professional methods of social work? What are their characteristics?
Social work is a professional and professional social service work led by * * *, with extensive participation of social forces, with the purpose of helping others to help themselves and scientific theories and methods as the means. Main courses: introduction to sociology, introduction to social work, case and group work, community work, social management, social insurance and social welfare, social environmental protection, organizational sociology, social psychology, youth social work, etc.
What does the social work major do?
Social work specialty and its prospect
Social work belongs to applied sociology and is an important branch of sociology serving China society. In recent years, it has developed rapidly in universities all over the country. With the development of society and the increasingly important quality of life, the employment prospects of social work majors are increasingly broad.
The major of social work mainly cultivates social work management and practical talents with all-round development in morality, intelligence and physique, focusing on social work management. After graduation, students can be competent in the management of civil affairs departments, other social welfare departments, relevant social organizations and grassroots communities. You can engage in teaching and research related to social work in teaching and scientific research units, and you can also engage in social work practice in enterprises and institutions. This major aims to enable students to master the basic knowledge of sociology and social research skills, be familiar with the theory and practice of social work, understand China's social policies, have the qualifications and ability to engage in practical social work and management, and have a sense of justice, social responsibility, social service spirit, good professional ethics and strong practical consciousness.
Core courses: Introduction to Sociology, Introduction to Social Work, Western Economics, Management Principles, Social Security, Social Statistics, Social Investigation and Research Methods, Social Psychology, Social Policy, Social Environment and Human Behavior, Community Introduction, Community Work, Case Work, Group Work, Social Welfare Administration, China Social Problems, Human Resource Development and Management, Employment Theory and Employment Policy, Research on Elderly Issues, Sociology of Marriage and Family, and Public Welfare. Senior students will arrange long-term professional internship activities.
At present, more than 200 colleges and universities in China offer social work majors, and the number of social workers trained each year is about 1 10,000. Although these people are far from enough according to social needs, in fact, only 10%-30% students have chosen the corresponding social work, and a considerable number of them have entered institutions, enterprises and other units to engage in "inappropriate" work. Many students majoring in social work feel that the employment prospects are too pessimistic. Experts believe that the main reason for this "pessimism" is that our specialization is ahead of professionalism.
Employment destination
Civil affairs, women's federations, charities, social organizations, community service agencies, street offices, etc.
Occupational status quo
Social workers, equivalent to * * * employees. At present, this new major, as a profession, has been "indifferent" by society. Only 12% of students in this major can be admitted to the Ministry of Civil Affairs every year, and even the professional counterpart rate of some school graduates is zero. The low employment rate of social workers and the fierce examination for civil servants prove from another aspect that we still have a long way to go to achieve "big market and small * * *".
Statistics show that there are nearly 20,000 paid social workers in Guangzhou, including more than 8,000 social workers in Guangzhou. It mainly works in the fields of helping young people's education, women's work and rehabilitation consultation for the disabled, with community neighborhood committees as the main working platform.
Nevertheless, many people who are essentially engaged in social work in our country still face an embarrassing situation. Social work is a profession specializing in social work, and most of the current practitioners do not have relevant professional qualities and skills. On the other hand, the qualification standard of social workers has just started in China, and the definition of social workers is still unclear. People who do social work can hardly be called social workers in a strict sense.
The society urgently needs a large number of social workers, and the employment rate of social work majors is pitifully low. Why do these two situations coexist? First, the biggest employer of social science graduates-* * * gave job opportunities to civil servants. Second, the awareness of social workers in the whole society has not been formed. When students majoring in social work apply, nine times out of ten they must explain what social work is to recruiters. After they join the work, they are often used as nurses or simple handymen. This leads to another problem: they don't understand the professionalism of social work at all (they need certificates abroad), and they are more willing to spend a little money to find cheap non-professional labor.