2. Lumped circuit: A circuit composed of many lumped elements such as power supply, resistance, capacitance and inductance. Circuit model: the mathematical model of the actual circuit.
3. Voltage: also known as potential difference or potential difference, it is a physical quantity to measure the energy difference of unit charge in electrostatic field due to different potentials.
4. Current: the amount of electricity passing through any cross section of a conductor per unit time.
Power: Electric energy converted per unit time.
5. Resistance: describes the characteristics of electric energy consumption and converts electric energy into heat energy, light energy, sound energy and mechanical energy.
6. Inductance: Describe the characteristics of stored magnetic field energy.
7. Capacitance: Describe the characteristics of stored electric field energy.
8. Ideal voltage source: describe the characteristics of providing a certain voltage.
9. Ideal current source: describe the characteristics of providing a certain current.
10, controlled source: the magnitude and direction of voltage or current is not a given time function, but a power supply controlled by voltage (or current) somewhere in the circuit.
1 1. Actual direction: the direction specified for the basic physical quantity in the circuit.
12, reference direction: the direction of voltage and current assumed arbitrarily when analyzing and calculating the circuit.
13. Correlation reference direction: the reference directions of current and voltage on a section of circuit are the same.
14, irrelevant reference direction: the current and voltage reference directions on a circuit are opposite.
15. The circuit is simple: all parts are connected in series and parallel, and can be analyzed only by ohm's law.
16, complex circuit: it is impossible to directly calculate the resistance of the whole circuit by using the law of series-parallel circuit.
17, ohm's law: the current flowing through a resistive element is directly proportional to its initial voltage and inversely proportional to its resistance.
18. Open circuit: refers to the state of the circuit when no current passes between two points in the circuit or a conductor with very large impedance value (or resistance value) is connected.
19. Short circuit: a circuit or a part of a circuit is short-circuited.
20. Series connection: circuit elements (such as resistors, capacitors, inductors, electrical appliances, etc.). ) one by one, end to end.
2 1. parallel connection: a connection method in which two components and devices of the same or different types are connected end to end.
22. Potential: the voltage from a certain point to a reference point in a circuit.
23.KCl: 1) At any moment, the current flowing into any node is equal to the current flowing out of that node.
2) At any moment, the algebraic sum of currents flowing into (or out of) any node is zero.
24.KVL: 1) at any moment, if you start from any point in the loop and bypass the loop, the potential in this direction will be
The sum is equal to the sum of potential droplets.
2) At any moment, along the bypass direction of any circuit, the algebraic sum of the voltages of each section of the circuit is always equal to zero.
3) At any moment, the algebraic sum of electromotive force is equal to the algebraic sum of voltage drop along any circuit bypass direction on the resistor.
25. Branch: Each branch in the circuit.
26. Node: the connection point of three or more branches.
27. Grid: A ring with no branches (hollow) inside.
28. Loop: A closed path consisting of branches.
29. The basic idea of circuit equation analysis method: According to the voltage-current relationship between KCL, KVL and components, list the equations and solve them.